Contacts of the helix formed by residues 141 - 164 (chain L) in PDB entry 1F33


Residue contacts within the protein are derived with the CSU software (Sobolev V., Sorokine A., Prilusky J., Abola E.E. and Edelman M. (1999) Automated analysis of interatomic contacts in proteins. Bioinformatics, 15, 327-332). A short description of the analytical approach is given at the end of the page.
For CSU analysis of other PDB entry

Note:
Non-standard 3 letter residue codes indicate a heterogroup. To identify and analyse, use LPC software

Legend:
Dist - nearest distance (Å) between atoms of two residues
Surf - contact surface area (Å2) between two residues
HB   - hydrophilic-hydrophilic contact (hydrogen bond)
Arom - aromatic-aromatic contact
Phob - hydrophobic-hydrophobic contact
DC   - hydrophobic-hydrophilic contact (destabilizing contact)
+/-  - indicates presence/absence of a specific contacts
*    - indicates residues forming contacts  by their side chain
       (including CA atoms)
Residues in contact with ASP 141 (chain L).
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     21L  VAL*     4.8    11.9    -      -       +      +
     25L  GLU*     3.4     9.8    +      -       -      +
     29L  THR*     3.8    16.0    +      -       -      +
     83L  ARG*     2.7    34.5    +      -       -      -
     87L  LEU*     4.2     7.3    -      -       +      +
    139L  ALA*     3.6     1.3    -      -       -      +
    140L  LYS*     1.3    78.1    -      -       -      +
    142L  ASP*     1.3    67.8    +      -       -      +
    143L  ASP*     3.8     3.5    +      -       -      +
    144L  THR*     2.6    32.9    +      -       -      +
    145L  ALA*     2.9    22.2    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASP 142 (chain L). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    140L  LYS      3.3     7.4    +      -       -      +
    141L  ASP*     1.3    74.3    +      -       -      +
    143L  ASP*     1.3    69.4    +      -       -      +
    145L  ALA*     3.0    10.1    +      -       -      +
    146L  ASP*     2.9    22.1    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASP 143 (chain L). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     83L  ARG*     3.3    39.5    +      -       -      +
    141L  ASP*     3.4     2.1    +      -       -      -
    142L  ASP*     1.3    80.7    -      -       -      +
    144L  THR*     1.3    63.5    +      -       -      +
    146L  ASP*     3.1    10.2    +      -       -      +
    147L  ILE*     3.0    28.4    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with THR 144 (chain L). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     29L  THR*     3.1    22.0    -      -       +      +
     32L  LEU*     5.1     4.0    -      -       +      -
     33L  LEU*     3.5    29.4    -      -       +      -
     83L  ARG*     3.5    11.1    -      -       -      +
    139L  ALA*     4.4     7.4    -      -       +      -
    141L  ASP*     2.6    32.9    +      -       -      -
    143L  ASP*     1.3    78.9    -      -       -      +
    145L  ALA*     1.3    62.2    +      -       -      +
    147L  ILE*     3.2    10.7    +      -       -      +
    148L  LEU*     2.9    35.4    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 145 (chain L). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    136L  ILE*     3.9    24.2    -      -       +      +
    139L  ALA*     3.9    16.6    -      -       +      +
    141L  ASP      2.9    13.1    +      -       -      +
    142L  ASP*     3.0    13.0    +      -       -      +
    144L  THR*     1.3    76.2    -      -       -      +
    146L  ASP*     1.3    52.7    +      -       -      +
    148L  LEU*     3.4     5.0    +      -       -      +
    149L  THR*     2.6    37.7    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASP 146 (chain L). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    146J  ASP*     4.2     8.7    -      -       -      +
    612J  TRS      2.7    40.5    +      -       -      -
    142L  ASP      2.9    11.6    +      -       -      +
    143L  ASP*     3.2    13.5    -      -       -      +
    145L  ALA*     1.3    74.2    -      -       -      +
    147L  ILE*     1.3    68.4    +      -       +      +
    149L  THR*     3.0     8.9    +      -       -      -
    150L  ALA*     3.0    23.4    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 147 (chain L). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     33L  LEU*     5.2     1.6    -      -       +      -
     76L  HIS*     4.7     3.4    +      -       -      +
     79L  THR*     3.8    31.4    -      -       +      +
     80L  MET*     3.6    31.2    -      -       +      -
     83L  ARG*     3.6    40.8    -      -       +      -
    143L  ASP*     3.0    19.4    +      -       +      +
    144L  THR*     3.4     8.5    -      -       +      +
    146L  ASP*     1.3    79.9    -      -       +      +
    148L  LEU*     1.3    63.6    +      -       +      +
    150L  ALA*     3.3     8.3    +      -       -      +
    151L  ALA*     3.1    20.5    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 148 (chain L). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     32L  LEU*     4.2     8.3    -      -       +      -
     33L  LEU*     4.6     7.9    -      -       +      -
     36L  GLN*     4.0    10.8    -      -       +      -
     80L  MET*     3.8    27.6    -      -       -      -
    132L  VAL*     3.9    20.3    -      -       +      +
    135L  ALA*     3.7    33.2    -      -       +      +
    136L  ILE*     3.9    12.9    -      -       +      +
    139L  ALA*     4.1     7.2    -      -       +      -
    144L  THR*     2.9    35.8    +      -       +      +
    145L  ALA      3.8     4.3    -      -       -      +
    147L  ILE*     1.3    73.2    -      -       +      +
    149L  THR*     1.3    55.7    +      -       -      +
    151L  ALA*     3.7     3.6    -      -       -      +
    152L  SER*     2.7    36.0    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with THR 149 (chain L). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    142J  ASP*     4.2     5.9    -      -       -      +
    143J  ASP*     3.4    20.1    -      -       -      +
    146J  ASP*     3.7    36.3    -      -       +      +
    136L  ILE*     3.5    23.7    -      -       +      +
    145L  ALA      2.6    21.8    +      -       -      -
    146L  ASP*     3.0    11.7    +      -       -      -
    148L  LEU*     1.3    73.8    -      -       -      +
    150L  ALA*     1.3    57.4    +      -       -      +
    152L  SER      3.2     0.2    +      -       -      -
    153L  ARG*     2.8    37.2    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 150 (chain L). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    146J  ASP*     5.2     0.9    -      -       -      -
    612J  TRS      4.4    21.5    +      -       -      +
     76L  HIS*     3.4    18.5    -      -       +      +
    146L  ASP*     3.0    11.0    +      -       -      +
    147L  ILE*     3.5    11.0    -      -       -      +
    149L  THR*     1.3    78.5    -      -       -      +
    151L  ALA*     1.3    62.1    +      -       -      +
    153L  ARG*     3.3     8.9    +      -       -      +
    154L  ASP*     3.3    17.3    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 151 (chain L). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     40L  PHE*     3.9    21.8    -      -       +      -
     76L  HIS*     3.4    32.0    -      -       +      +
     80L  MET*     5.0     6.1    -      -       -      -
    132L  VAL*     4.7     2.7    -      -       +      -
    147L  ILE*     3.1    15.4    +      -       +      +
    148L  LEU*     3.7     7.4    -      -       -      +
    150L  ALA*     1.3    75.2    -      -       -      +
    152L  SER*     1.3    65.7    +      -       -      +
    154L  ASP*     3.1     4.0    +      -       -      +
    155L  LEU*     3.0    28.9    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with SER 152 (chain L). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    143J  ASP*     2.6    32.4    +      -       -      -
    132L  VAL*     4.0    21.8    -      -       -      +
    133L  ARG*     3.7    19.0    -      -       -      +
    136L  ILE*     3.7     9.4    -      -       -      -
    148L  LEU      2.7    20.9    +      -       -      -
    149L  THR      3.2     0.4    +      -       -      -
    151L  ALA*     1.3    73.5    -      -       -      +
    153L  ARG*     1.3    65.6    +      -       -      +
    154L  ASP      3.1     0.5    +      -       -      -
    155L  LEU*     3.1     1.1    +      -       -      +
    156L  ASP*     2.9    28.6    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG 153 (chain L). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     79J  THR*     3.5    18.6    -      -       -      +
     83J  ARG*     5.3     2.9    -      -       -      +
     86J  GLN*     4.3     3.9    -      -       -      +
    143J  ASP*     3.7    27.5    +      -       +      +
    146J  ASP*     2.9    28.1    +      -       -      -
    147J  ILE*     3.3    46.0    -      -       +      +
    150J  ALA*     4.8     8.3    -      -       -      +
    612J  TRS      4.1    10.5    +      -       -      -
    149L  THR      2.8    18.6    +      -       -      +
    150L  ALA*     3.4    10.2    -      -       -      +
    152L  SER*     1.3    75.2    -      -       -      +
    154L  ASP*     1.3    63.2    +      -       -      +
    156L  ASP*     3.7     4.0    +      -       -      +
    157L  LYS*     3.4    18.7    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASP 154 (chain L). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     72L  ALA*     4.1     9.4    -      -       -      +
     76L  HIS*     2.6    36.9    +      -       +      +
    150L  ALA      3.3     4.3    +      -       -      -
    151L  ALA      3.1     4.1    +      -       -      +
    153L  ARG*     1.3    79.4    -      -       -      +
    155L  LEU*     1.3    61.6    +      -       +      +
    157L  LYS*     2.9    11.8    +      -       -      +
    158L  PHE*     2.8    58.8    +      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 155 (chain L). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     40L  PHE*     3.2    38.1    -      -       +      -
     43L  LEU*     3.8    17.3    -      -       +      -
     73L  LEU*     4.2    15.5    -      -       +      -
     76L  HIS*     5.4     1.1    -      -       +      -
    125L  TYR*     4.3    10.0    -      -       +      +
    128L  VAL*     3.5    33.9    -      -       +      -
    129L  ALA*     3.9    20.6    -      -       +      +
    132L  VAL*     4.8     2.2    -      -       +      -
    151L  ALA*     3.0    24.1    +      -       +      +
    152L  SER*     3.8     5.6    -      -       -      +
    154L  ASP*     1.3    78.6    -      -       +      +
    156L  ASP*     1.3    58.0    +      -       -      +
    158L  PHE*     3.2     8.0    +      -       +      +
    159L  LEU*     2.8    31.4    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASP 156 (chain L). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     19J  ASN*     3.3    17.2    +      -       -      +
     83J  ARG*     2.7    41.6    +      -       -      +
     86J  GLN*     3.7     9.7    -      -       +      +
    143J  ASP*     3.4     4.5    -      -       -      +
    129L  ALA*     3.7    11.3    -      -       -      +
    133L  ARG*     2.6    33.8    +      -       -      -
    152L  SER*     2.9    19.0    +      -       -      +
    153L  ARG      4.0     1.8    -      -       -      +
    155L  LEU*     1.3    76.7    -      -       -      +
    157L  LYS*     1.3    62.0    +      -       -      +
    159L  LEU*     3.6     7.4    +      -       -      +
    160L  TRP*     3.1    23.2    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LYS 157 (chain L). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     82J  GLU*     4.0    20.4    +      -       -      +
     86J  GLN*     3.8    24.0    +      -       -      +
    153L  ARG      3.4    12.2    +      -       -      +
    154L  ASP*     2.9    17.8    +      -       -      +
    156L  ASP*     1.3    76.5    -      -       -      +
    158L  PHE*     1.3    75.2    +      -       +      +
    160L  TRP*     3.3    10.8    +      -       +      +
    161L  PHE*     2.8    57.6    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with PHE 158 (chain L). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     68L  GLY      5.6     0.2    -      -       -      -
     69L  PHE*     3.4    59.0    -      +       +      -
     72L  ALA*     3.5    33.4    -      -       +      -
     73L  LEU*     4.1    13.5    -      -       +      -
     76L  HIS*     5.8     0.2    -      +       -      -
    125L  TYR*     3.8    19.1    -      +       +      -
    154L  ASP*     2.8    44.1    +      -       +      +
    155L  LEU*     3.7     5.8    -      -       -      +
    157L  LYS*     1.3    89.3    -      -       +      +
    159L  LEU*     1.3    55.4    +      -       -      +
    161L  PHE*     2.9     3.2    +      +       -      +
    162L  ILE*     2.7    40.1    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 159 (chain L). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     17J  THR*     4.4     1.8    -      -       -      +
     18J  ARG      4.1     1.1    -      -       -      -
     19J  ASN*     3.7    41.1    -      -       +      +
    122L  ALA*     3.4    30.1    -      -       -      +
    125L  TYR*     4.1    12.0    -      -       +      -
    126L  ALA*     3.9    22.9    -      -       +      +
    129L  ALA*     4.4    10.3    -      -       +      -
    155L  LEU      2.8    17.3    +      -       -      +
    156L  ASP*     3.8     5.8    -      -       -      +
    158L  PHE*     1.3    75.2    -      -       -      +
    160L  TRP*     1.3    58.8    +      -       -      +
    162L  ILE*     3.2     5.3    +      -       -      +
    163L  GLU*     2.8    57.1    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with TRP 160 (chain L). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     52I  TRP*     3.8    22.0    +      -       -      -
     54I  MET      5.1     1.8    +      -       -      -
     55I  ARG*     4.0    18.4    -      -       -      +
     59I  PHE*     4.3    12.9    -      +       -      -
     63I  HIS*     4.0    12.8    -      +       -      -
     17J  THR*     5.7     1.3    -      -       -      -
     82J  GLU*     3.9    31.9    -      -       +      -
     85J  VAL*     3.2    25.4    -      -       +      +
     86J  GLN*     3.5    42.2    -      -       +      +
    156L  ASP      3.1    11.8    +      -       -      +
    157L  LYS*     3.4    10.8    -      -       +      +
    159L  LEU*     1.3    81.1    -      -       -      +
    161L  PHE*     1.3    87.0    +      +       -      +
    163L  GLU*     3.9     8.0    -      -       -      +
    164L  SER*     2.6    64.3    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with PHE 161 (chain L). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     59I  PHE*     3.7    19.0    -      +       -      -
     60I  ILE*     3.5    21.3    -      -       +      -
     63I  HIS*     3.9    24.5    -      +       -      -
     64I  GLU*     5.1     3.6    -      -       -      -
     82J  GLU*     5.7     0.4    -      -       -      -
     65L  MET*     4.0     5.6    -      -       +      -
     69L  PHE*     3.7    30.5    -      +       +      -
    157L  LYS*     2.8    37.6    +      -       +      +
    158L  PHE      2.9     6.9    +      -       -      +
    160L  TRP*     1.3   113.6    -      +       -      +
    162L  ILE*     1.3    62.0    +      -       -      +
    164L  SER*     3.5     2.3    +      -       -      -
    165L  ASN*     2.7    33.2    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 162 (chain L). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     65L  MET*     4.4    10.1    -      -       +      -
     66L  LEU*     4.8     5.2    -      -       +      -
     69L  PHE*     3.7    15.0    -      -       +      -
    118L  LEU*     3.3    41.4    -      -       +      +
    121L  LEU*     4.1     9.6    -      -       +      -
    122L  ALA*     3.9    10.8    -      -       +      +
    125L  TYR*     3.5    54.3    -      -       +      -
    158L  PHE      2.7    18.7    +      -       -      +
    159L  LEU*     3.6     5.8    -      -       -      +
    161L  PHE*     1.3    71.5    -      -       -      +
    163L  GLU*     1.3    65.9    +      -       -      +
    165L  ASN*     3.0    19.5    +      -       -      +
    166L  ILE*     3.6     7.2    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 163 (chain L). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     55I  ARG*     4.6    12.8    +      -       -      +
     16J  TYR*     4.2     4.2    -      -       -      +
     17J  THR*     2.8    31.7    +      -       -      -
     18J  ARG*     2.8    61.6    +      -       -      +
    122L  ALA*     4.3     3.8    -      -       +      -
    159L  LEU*     2.8    34.7    +      -       +      +
    160L  TRP*     3.9     6.8    -      -       -      +
    162L  ILE*     1.3    72.4    -      -       -      +
    164L  SER*     1.3    56.6    +      -       -      +
    166L  ILE*     2.9    37.1    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with SER 164 (chain L). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     55I  ARG*     3.6    23.2    +      -       -      +
     56I  GLY      2.7    32.8    +      -       -      +
     59I  PHE*     3.2    37.2    -      -       -      +
    160L  TRP*     2.6    46.2    +      -       -      -
    161L  PHE      3.9     0.7    -      -       -      -
    162L  ILE      3.2     0.4    -      -       -      -
    163L  GLU*     1.3    75.5    -      -       -      +
    165L  ASN*     1.3    55.1    +      -       -      +
    166L  ILE      3.4     0.4    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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A short description of the analytical approach
The contact analysis used in this page is based upon the approach developed in: Sobolev V., Wade R.C., Vriend G. and Edelman M. PROTEINS (1996) 25, 120-129. Contact legitimacy depends on the hydrophobic-hydrophilic properties of the contacting atoms. In order to define it, for each inter-atomic contact, eight atom classes have been introduced:


   I  Hydrophilic      - N and O that can donate and accept hydrogen bonds
                         (e.g., oxygen of hydroxyl group of Ser. or Thr)
  II  Acceptor         - N or O that can only accept a hydrogen bond
 III  Donor            - N that can only donate a hydrogen bond
  IV  Hydrophobic      - Cl, Br, I and all C atoms that are not in
                         aromatic rings and do not have a covalent bond to
                         a N or O atom
   V  Aromatic         - C in aromatic rings irrespective of any other 
                         bonds formed by the atom
  VI  Neutral          - C atoms that have a covalent bond to at least one
                         atom of class I or two or more atoms from class II
                         or III; atoms; S, F, P, and metal atoms in all cases
 VII  Neutral-donor    - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only one
                         atom of class III
VIII  Neutral-acceptor - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only 
                         one atom of class II
For each pair of contacts the state of legitimacy is shown below:

Legend:
+, legitimate
-, illegitimate
------------------------------------------------------------
  Atomic class           I  II  III   IV   V   VI  VII  VIII
------------------------------------------------------------
   I  (Hydrophilic)      +   +    +    -   +   +    +    +
  II  (Acceptor)         +   -    +    -   +   +    +    -
 III  (Donor)            +   +    -    -   +   +    -    +
  IV  (Hydrophobic)      -   -    -    +   +   +    +    +
   V  (Aromatic)         +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
  VI  (Neutral)          +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
 VII  (Neutral-donor)    +   +    -    +   +   +    -    +
VIII  (Neutral-acceptor) +   -    +    +   +   +    +    -
------------------------------------------------------------
Warning!
Atom classes for heterogroups are automatically assigned based on the atomic coordinates. However, in three cases (see below) the automatic assignment is currently ambiguous. In these cases, the user is advised to manually analyse the full list of contacts using LPC software.
1. Carbon atoms belonging to a 4-, 5- or 6-member ring are 
   considered "aromatic" (Class V) if the ring is approximately
   planar, and "hydrophobic" (Class IV) or "neutral" (Classes
   VI, VII, VIII) if the ring is non-planar.
2. The oxygen atom of a carbonyl or hydroxy group is considered
   "hydroxy" (Class I) if the CO bond is longer than 1.29 Å, and
   "carbonyl" (Class II) if shorter.
3. All nitrogen atoms are considered "hydrophilic" (Class I).

Please E-mail any questions and/or suggestions concerning this page to Vladimir.Sobolev@weizmann.ac.il