Contacts of the helix formed by residues 25 - 52 (chain B) in PDB entry 1JVM


Residue contacts within the protein are derived with the CSU software (Sobolev V., Sorokine A., Prilusky J., Abola E.E. and Edelman M. (1999) Automated analysis of interatomic contacts in proteins. Bioinformatics, 15, 327-332). A short description of the analytical approach is given at the end of the page.
For CSU analysis of other PDB entry

Note:
Non-standard 3 letter residue codes indicate a heterogroup. To identify and analyse, use LPC software

Legend:
Dist - nearest distance (Å) between atoms of two residues
Surf - contact surface area (Å2) between two residues
HB   - hydrophilic-hydrophilic contact (hydrogen bond)
Arom - aromatic-aromatic contact
Phob - hydrophobic-hydrophobic contact
DC   - hydrophobic-hydrophilic contact (destabilizing contact)
+/-  - indicates presence/absence of a specific contacts
*    - indicates residues forming contacts  by their side chain
       (including CA atoms)
Residues in contact with HIS 25 (chain B).
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    114A  PHE*     3.8    37.5    +      +       +      +
    118A  GLU*     5.8     4.7    -      -       +      +
     24B  LEU*     1.3    78.8    +      -       -      +
     26B  TRP*     1.3    96.3    +      +       -      +
     27B  ARG      3.1     5.6    -      -       -      -
     28B  ALA*     3.0    27.2    -      -       -      +
     29B  ALA      3.5     2.6    +      -       -      -
    109B  ALA*     3.7    18.7    +      -       +      +
    112B  THR*     3.1    41.5    +      -       +      +
    113B  TRP*     4.2     9.4    -      +       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with TRP 26 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     24B  LEU*     3.3     4.2    -      -       -      -
     25B  HIS*     1.3   113.4    +      +       -      +
     27B  ARG*     1.3    60.0    +      -       -      +
     28B  ALA      2.9     6.1    -      -       -      -
     29B  ALA*     3.1    29.3    +      -       +      +
     30B  GLY*     3.3     6.4    +      -       -      -
    109B  ALA*     4.5    11.9    -      -       +      -
    110B  LEU*     5.2     8.1    -      -       +      -
    113B  TRP*     3.5    56.3    -      +       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG 27 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     24B  LEU*     3.5    25.8    +      -       +      +
     26B  TRP*     1.3    80.0    -      -       -      +
     28B  ALA*     1.3    59.1    +      -       -      +
     30B  GLY*     4.1     1.4    +      -       -      -
     31B  ALA*     3.6    16.6    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 28 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    113A  TRP*     5.9     2.9    -      -       +      -
    114A  PHE*     3.7    23.6    -      -       +      -
     24B  LEU      4.5     0.6    +      -       -      +
     25B  HIS*     3.0    19.4    +      -       -      +
     27B  ARG*     1.3    79.5    -      -       -      +
     29B  ALA*     1.3    64.6    +      -       -      +
     31B  ALA*     2.9    23.1    -      -       -      +
     32B  ALA      3.1     3.8    +      -       -      -
    105B  LEU*     3.5    14.4    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 29 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     25B  HIS      3.5     2.5    +      -       -      +
     26B  TRP*     3.1    25.4    +      -       +      +
     28B  ALA*     1.3    76.8    -      -       -      +
     30B  GLY*     1.3    66.5    +      -       -      +
     31B  ALA      2.9     1.6    +      -       -      -
     32B  ALA*     2.9    16.3    +      -       -      +
     33B  THR*     3.1    13.8    +      -       -      -
    105B  LEU*     3.7    12.8    -      -       +      +
    106B  VAL*     4.8    15.9    -      -       +      +
    109B  ALA*     5.0    10.7    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLY 30 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     26B  TRP      3.3     8.5    +      -       -      -
     27B  ARG      4.5     1.8    -      -       -      -
     29B  ALA*     1.3    78.3    -      -       -      +
     31B  ALA*     1.3    65.3    +      -       -      +
     33B  THR*     3.1    12.5    -      -       -      -
     34B  VAL*     3.0    27.9    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 31 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     27B  ARG      3.6    12.1    +      -       -      +
     28B  ALA*     2.9    22.6    +      -       -      +
     29B  ALA      2.9     1.2    +      -       -      -
     30B  GLY*     1.3    74.5    -      -       -      +
     32B  ALA*     1.3    62.7    +      -       -      +
     34B  VAL*     2.9    16.9    +      -       -      +
     35B  LEU*     2.8    30.2    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 32 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     28B  ALA      3.1     1.0    +      -       -      -
     29B  ALA      2.9    13.1    +      -       -      +
     31B  ALA*     1.3    74.0    -      -       -      +
     33B  THR*     1.3    67.4    +      -       -      +
     35B  LEU*     2.9    16.3    +      -       +      +
     36B  LEU*     2.8    25.8    +      -       -      +
    102B  SER*     3.9    29.7    +      -       -      +
    105B  LEU*     3.4    25.6    -      -       +      -
    106B  VAL*     5.2     2.5    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with THR 33 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     29B  ALA*     3.1     9.3    +      -       -      +
     30B  GLY*     3.1    17.1    -      -       -      +
     32B  ALA*     1.3    78.0    -      -       -      +
     34B  VAL*     1.3    71.7    +      -       +      +
     36B  LEU*     3.5     7.0    +      -       -      +
     37B  VAL*     3.0    31.1    +      -       +      +
    102B  SER*     5.2     0.6    -      -       -      -
    106B  VAL*     5.6     4.7    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 34 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     30B  GLY      3.0    18.4    -      -       -      +
     31B  ALA*     2.9     8.4    +      -       -      +
     33B  THR*     1.3    78.6    -      -       +      +
     35B  LEU*     1.3    68.4    +      -       +      +
     37B  VAL*     2.7    21.8    +      -       +      +
     38B  ILE*     2.9    33.1    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 35 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     31B  ALA*     2.8    32.5    -      -       +      +
     32B  ALA*     2.9    11.9    +      -       +      +
     34B  VAL*     1.3    75.0    -      -       +      +
     36B  LEU*     1.3    52.6    +      -       -      +
     38B  ILE*     2.9    20.7    +      -       +      +
     39B  VAL*     2.6    43.9    +      -       +      +
    102B  SER*     5.5     1.3    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 36 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     32B  ALA      2.8    19.3    +      -       -      +
     33B  THR*     3.6     7.0    -      -       -      +
     35B  LEU*     1.3    72.4    -      -       -      +
     37B  VAL*     1.3    54.1    +      -       +      +
     39B  VAL*     3.0     8.4    +      -       +      +
     40B  LEU*     2.7    49.6    +      -       +      +
     73B  ALA*     4.6    10.5    -      -       +      -
     95B  VAL*     4.6     0.4    -      -       +      +
     98B  ALA*     3.5    17.3    -      -       +      -
     99B  GLY*     3.3    37.2    -      -       -      +
    102B  SER*     3.5    24.4    +      -       -      +
    103B  PHE*     4.2    17.7    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 37 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     33B  THR*     3.0    25.4    -      -       +      +
     34B  VAL*     2.7    13.5    +      -       +      +
     36B  LEU*     1.3    73.7    -      -       +      +
     38B  ILE*     1.3    62.9    +      -       +      +
     40B  LEU*     3.3    15.9    -      -       +      +
     41B  LEU*     3.0    46.6    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 38 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     34B  VAL*     2.9    41.9    +      -       +      +
     35B  LEU*     2.9    22.3    +      -       +      +
     37B  VAL*     1.3    76.4    -      -       +      +
     39B  VAL*     1.3    56.6    +      -       +      +
     40B  LEU      3.0     0.5    +      -       -      -
     41B  LEU*     3.0     9.9    +      -       +      +
     42B  ALA*     2.4    45.8    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 39 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     35B  LEU*     2.6    40.7    +      -       +      +
     36B  LEU*     3.3    10.8    -      -       +      +
     38B  ILE*     1.3    74.1    -      -       +      +
     40B  LEU*     1.3    53.2    +      -       +      +
     42B  ALA*     3.6     8.5    -      -       +      -
     43B  GLY*     2.4    34.3    +      -       -      +
     94B  VAL*     4.1    22.7    -      -       +      -
     95B  VAL*     4.1    14.7    -      -       +      +
     98B  ALA*     3.9    27.1    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 40 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     36B  LEU*     2.7    32.5    +      -       +      +
     37B  VAL*     3.3    21.3    -      -       +      +
     39B  VAL*     1.3    68.9    -      -       -      +
     41B  LEU*     1.3    60.3    +      -       +      +
     43B  GLY*     3.5     0.2    -      -       -      -
     44B  SER*     2.3    44.3    +      -       -      +
     66B  LEU*     5.9     1.6    -      -       +      -
     69B  SER*     3.4    42.0    +      -       -      +
     70B  VAL*     4.2    12.3    -      -       +      +
     73B  ALA*     4.1    15.9    -      -       +      -
     95B  VAL*     4.2     6.7    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 41 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     37B  VAL*     3.0    31.4    -      -       +      +
     38B  ILE*     3.0     8.0    +      -       +      +
     40B  LEU*     1.3    75.7    -      -       +      +
     42B  ALA*     1.3    58.4    +      -       -      +
     44B  SER*     3.4     5.6    -      -       -      -
     45B  TYR*     2.8    36.4    +      -       -      +
     66B  LEU*     4.1    21.3    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 42 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     38B  ILE*     2.4    37.1    +      -       +      +
     39B  VAL*     3.5    11.9    -      -       +      +
     41B  LEU*     1.3    72.6    -      -       -      +
     43B  GLY*     1.3    53.2    +      -       -      +
     45B  TYR*     4.1     2.6    -      -       -      +
     46B  LEU*     2.6    44.7    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLY 43 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     39B  VAL*     2.4    23.5    +      -       -      +
     42B  ALA*     1.3    72.8    -      -       -      +
     44B  SER*     1.3    53.9    +      -       -      +
     46B  LEU*     3.9     4.0    -      -       -      +
     47B  ALA*     2.6    38.7    +      -       -      +
     68B  TRP*     4.9     1.3    -      -       -      -
     69B  SER*     4.3     3.1    -      -       -      -
     91B  VAL*     3.6    20.4    -      -       -      -
     95B  VAL*     4.4     8.7    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with SER 44 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     40B  LEU      2.3    36.8    +      -       -      -
     41B  LEU*     3.4     7.9    -      -       -      -
     43B  GLY      1.3    71.0    -      -       -      +
     45B  TYR*     1.3    64.5    +      -       -      +
     47B  ALA*     5.0     0.4    -      -       -      -
     48B  VAL*     3.1    27.0    +      -       -      +
     62B  TYR*     4.9     2.9    -      -       -      -
     65B  ALA*     3.8     8.8    -      -       -      +
     66B  LEU*     3.1    39.0    -      -       -      +
     68B  TRP*     5.4     0.2    -      -       -      -
     69B  SER*     3.0    20.0    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with TYR 45 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     41B  LEU      2.8    20.0    +      -       -      +
     42B  ALA*     4.1     1.6    -      -       -      +
     44B  SER*     1.3    74.9    -      -       -      +
     46B  LEU*     1.3    63.4    +      -       -      +
     48B  VAL*     3.8     8.3    +      -       +      +
     49B  LEU*     3.4    52.6    +      -       +      +
     62B  TYR*     5.6    11.2    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 46 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     42B  ALA*     2.6    28.9    +      -       +      +
     43B  GLY*     3.5     5.4    -      -       -      +
     45B  TYR*     1.3    80.1    -      -       -      +
     47B  ALA*     1.3    63.5    +      -       -      +
     49B  LEU*     3.5     6.5    +      -       -      +
     50B  ALA*     3.4    17.7    +      -       +      +
     91B  VAL*     4.0    26.0    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 47 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     43B  GLY      2.6    21.3    +      -       -      +
     44B  SER      4.0     1.3    -      -       -      +
     46B  LEU*     1.3    71.8    -      -       -      +
     48B  VAL*     1.3    65.5    +      -       -      +
     50B  ALA*     3.0    12.6    +      -       -      +
     51B  GLU*     3.0    20.9    +      -       +      +
     59B  LEU*     5.3     5.4    -      -       +      -
     65B  ALA*     5.3     2.2    -      -       +      -
     68B  TRP*     3.7    21.1    -      -       +      -
     88B  GLY*     5.1     4.7    -      -       -      +
     91B  VAL*     3.4    27.1    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 48 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     44B  SER      3.1    12.8    +      -       -      +
     45B  TYR*     4.0     7.9    -      -       +      +
     46B  LEU      3.4     0.2    -      -       -      -
     47B  ALA*     1.3    75.2    -      -       -      +
     49B  LEU*     1.3    72.6    +      -       +      +
     52B  ARG*     2.7    46.1    +      -       +      +
     59B  LEU      3.9     8.1    -      -       -      +
     60B  ILE      3.4    21.5    -      -       -      +
     61B  THR      3.7     2.7    -      -       -      +
     62B  TYR*     3.3    30.1    -      -       +      +
     65B  ALA*     3.2    31.1    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 49 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     45B  TYR*     3.4    53.2    -      -       +      +
     46B  LEU*     3.5     6.2    +      -       -      +
     47B  ALA      3.2     0.4    -      -       -      -
     48B  VAL*     1.3    90.2    -      -       +      +
     50B  ALA*     1.3    58.9    +      -       -      +
     51B  GLU      3.3     0.4    +      -       -      -
     52B  ARG*     4.5    26.7    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 50 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     46B  LEU*     3.4    12.5    +      -       +      +
     47B  ALA*     3.0    13.7    +      -       -      +
     49B  LEU*     1.3    78.1    -      -       -      +
     51B  GLU*     1.3    60.0    +      -       -      +
     52B  ARG      5.1     0.2    -      -       -      -
     54B  ALA*     5.4     0.3    -      -       -      +
     85B  THR*     3.4    18.5    +      -       -      +
     87B  TRP*     4.2    14.2    -      -       +      +
     88B  GLY*     4.2    20.0    -      -       -      +
     91B  VAL*     4.7     4.5    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 51 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     47B  ALA*     3.0    16.3    +      -       +      +
     50B  ALA*     1.3    80.9    -      -       -      +
     52B  ARG*     1.3    71.7    +      -       -      +
     54B  ALA*     3.0    24.3    +      -       -      +
     57B  ALA*     4.2    16.6    -      -       +      +
     59B  LEU*     3.6    35.1    -      -       +      +
     82B  TYR      3.7     3.5    -      -       -      +
     83B  PRO*     3.5    13.1    -      -       -      +
     84B  VAL*     2.9    23.7    +      -       -      +
     85B  THR*     2.7    47.8    +      -       -      +
     88B  GLY*     4.5     5.8    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG 52 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     48B  VAL*     2.7    30.7    +      -       -      +
     49B  LEU*     4.5    23.2    -      -       -      +
     50B  ALA      5.1     0.2    -      -       -      -
     51B  GLU*     1.3    78.6    -      -       -      +
     53B  GLY*     1.3    62.7    +      -       -      +
     54B  ALA*     4.9     0.2    -      -       -      +
     57B  ALA*     4.7     2.7    -      -       -      +
     59B  LEU      3.9     5.9    +      -       -      -
     60B  ILE*     3.9    34.7    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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A short description of the analytical approach
The contact analysis used in this page is based upon the approach developed in: Sobolev V., Wade R.C., Vriend G. and Edelman M. PROTEINS (1996) 25, 120-129. Contact legitimacy depends on the hydrophobic-hydrophilic properties of the contacting atoms. In order to define it, for each inter-atomic contact, eight atom classes have been introduced:


   I  Hydrophilic      - N and O that can donate and accept hydrogen bonds
                         (e.g., oxygen of hydroxyl group of Ser. or Thr)
  II  Acceptor         - N or O that can only accept a hydrogen bond
 III  Donor            - N that can only donate a hydrogen bond
  IV  Hydrophobic      - Cl, Br, I and all C atoms that are not in
                         aromatic rings and do not have a covalent bond to
                         a N or O atom
   V  Aromatic         - C in aromatic rings irrespective of any other 
                         bonds formed by the atom
  VI  Neutral          - C atoms that have a covalent bond to at least one
                         atom of class I or two or more atoms from class II
                         or III; atoms; S, F, P, and metal atoms in all cases
 VII  Neutral-donor    - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only one
                         atom of class III
VIII  Neutral-acceptor - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only 
                         one atom of class II
For each pair of contacts the state of legitimacy is shown below:

Legend:
+, legitimate
-, illegitimate
------------------------------------------------------------
  Atomic class           I  II  III   IV   V   VI  VII  VIII
------------------------------------------------------------
   I  (Hydrophilic)      +   +    +    -   +   +    +    +
  II  (Acceptor)         +   -    +    -   +   +    +    -
 III  (Donor)            +   +    -    -   +   +    -    +
  IV  (Hydrophobic)      -   -    -    +   +   +    +    +
   V  (Aromatic)         +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
  VI  (Neutral)          +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
 VII  (Neutral-donor)    +   +    -    +   +   +    -    +
VIII  (Neutral-acceptor) +   -    +    +   +   +    +    -
------------------------------------------------------------
Warning!
Atom classes for heterogroups are automatically assigned based on the atomic coordinates. However, in three cases (see below) the automatic assignment is currently ambiguous. In these cases, the user is advised to manually analyse the full list of contacts using LPC software.
1. Carbon atoms belonging to a 4-, 5- or 6-member ring are 
   considered "aromatic" (Class V) if the ring is approximately
   planar, and "hydrophobic" (Class IV) or "neutral" (Classes
   VI, VII, VIII) if the ring is non-planar.
2. The oxygen atom of a carbonyl or hydroxy group is considered
   "hydroxy" (Class I) if the CO bond is longer than 1.29 Å, and
   "carbonyl" (Class II) if shorter.
3. All nitrogen atoms are considered "hydrophilic" (Class I).

Please E-mail any questions and/or suggestions concerning this page to Vladimir.Sobolev@weizmann.ac.il