Contacts of the helix formed by residues 10 - 38 (chain Q) in PDB entry 1MFR
Residue contacts within the protein are
derived with the CSU software (Sobolev V., Sorokine A.,
Prilusky J., Abola E.E. and Edelman M. (1999) Automated
analysis of interatomic contacts in proteins.
Bioinformatics, 15, 327-332). A
short description of the analytical approach
is given at the end of the page.
Note:
Non-standard 3 letter residue
codes indicate a heterogroup. To identify
and analyse, use LPC software
Legend:
Dist - nearest distance (Å) between atoms of two residues
Surf - contact surface area (Å2) between two residues
HB - hydrophilic-hydrophilic contact (hydrogen bond)
Arom - aromatic-aromatic contact
Phob - hydrophobic-hydrophobic contact
DC - hydrophobic-hydrophilic contact (destabilizing contact)
+/- - indicates presence/absence of a specific contacts
* - indicates residues forming contacts by their side chain
(including CA atoms)
Residues in contact with SER 10 (chain Q).
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Specific contacts
---------------------------
Residue Dist Surf HB Arom Phob DC
----------------------------------------------------------
5Q ARG* 4.0 3.7 + - - +
8Q TYR 3.7 1.8 + - - -
9Q HIS* 1.3 84.2 + - - +
11Q ASP* 1.3 64.0 + - - +
13Q GLU* 3.4 19.7 + - - +
14Q ALA* 3.1 22.3 + - - +
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Residues in contact with ASP 11 (chain Q).
Click here for Legend to table.
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Specific contacts
---------------------------
Residue Dist Surf HB Arom Phob DC
----------------------------------------------------------
9Q HIS* 2.8 23.0 + - - +
10Q SER* 1.3 72.7 - - - +
12Q CYS* 1.3 62.8 + - - +
14Q ALA* 3.4 7.5 + - - +
15Q ALA* 2.9 29.6 + - - +
18Q ARG* 4.6 2.1 + - - -
116Q LEU* 3.6 21.1 - - + +
120Q LYS* 3.1 22.7 + - - +
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Residues in contact with CYS 12 (chain Q).
Click here for Legend to table.
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Specific contacts
---------------------------
Residue Dist Surf HB Arom Phob DC
----------------------------------------------------------
8Q TYR* 4.1 10.1 - - + -
9Q HIS* 3.1 25.7 + - + +
11Q ASP* 1.3 79.3 - - - +
13Q GLU* 1.3 56.3 - - - +
15Q ALA* 3.1 3.7 + - - +
16Q VAL* 2.9 36.0 + - - +
113Q LEU* 4.3 0.6 - - - +
116Q LEU* 4.0 24.7 - - - -
117Q ALA* 4.3 8.3 - - - -
120Q LYS* 4.1 14.8 - - - -
122Q ASP* 5.0 5.6 - - - -
125Q LEU* 4.0 25.8 - - + -
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Residues in contact with GLU 13 (chain Q).
Click here for Legend to table.
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Specific contacts
---------------------------
Residue Dist Surf HB Arom Phob DC
----------------------------------------------------------
5Q ARG* 2.7 34.9 + - - -
8Q TYR* 3.7 20.5 + - + -
9Q HIS 3.1 8.3 + - - +
10Q SER* 3.5 17.5 + - - +
12Q CYS* 1.3 80.3 - - - +
14Q ALA* 1.3 61.9 + - - +
16Q VAL 3.3 0.5 + - - -
17Q ASN* 3.1 23.3 + - - +
69Q GLN* 3.2 26.5 + - - +
74Q GLY* 3.8 2.2 - - - -
75Q ARG* 2.9 32.5 + - - +
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Residues in contact with ALA 14 (chain Q).
Click here for Legend to table.
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Specific contacts
---------------------------
Residue Dist Surf HB Arom Phob DC
----------------------------------------------------------
10Q SER 3.1 17.0 + - - +
11Q ASP* 3.7 7.4 - - - +
12Q CYS 3.3 0.2 - - - -
13Q GLU* 1.3 79.1 - - - +
15Q ALA* 1.3 62.1 + - - +
17Q ASN* 3.5 10.0 + - - +
18Q ARG* 3.2 38.0 + - - +
79Q GLN* 5.9 0.2 + - - -
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Residues in contact with ALA 15 (chain Q).
Click here for Legend to table.
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Specific contacts
---------------------------
Residue Dist Surf HB Arom Phob DC
----------------------------------------------------------
11Q ASP 2.9 17.5 + - - +
12Q CYS 3.5 1.1 - - - +
14Q ALA* 1.3 75.1 - - - +
16Q VAL* 1.3 61.1 + - - +
18Q ARG* 3.3 24.5 + - - +
19Q MET* 2.9 28.8 + - - +
113Q LEU* 3.5 26.9 - - + +
116Q LEU* 3.7 11.4 - - + -
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Residues in contact with VAL 16 (chain Q).
Click here for Legend to table.
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Specific contacts
---------------------------
Residue Dist Surf HB Arom Phob DC
----------------------------------------------------------
8Q TYR* 3.6 15.0 - - - +
12Q CYS 2.9 20.0 + - - +
13Q GLU 3.6 4.9 - - - +
15Q ALA* 1.3 76.8 - - - +
17Q ASN* 1.3 56.1 + - - +
19Q MET* 3.2 6.8 + - - +
20Q LEU* 2.9 29.4 + - + +
65Q PHE* 3.9 33.4 - - + +
68Q TYR* 4.6 4.7 - - + -
69Q GLN* 3.5 21.5 - - + +
113Q LEU* 4.3 13.2 - - + -
125Q LEU* 4.3 23.1 - - + -
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Residues in contact with ASN 17 (chain Q).
Click here for Legend to table.
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Specific contacts
---------------------------
Residue Dist Surf HB Arom Phob DC
----------------------------------------------------------
13Q GLU* 3.1 15.6 + - - +
14Q ALA* 3.6 12.2 - - - +
16Q VAL* 1.3 77.3 - - - +
18Q ARG* 1.3 61.9 + - - +
20Q LEU* 3.5 17.5 - - - +
21Q ASN* 3.4 20.3 + - - +
69Q GLN* 3.4 12.1 + - - +
75Q ARG 3.2 19.0 + - - -
76Q VAL* 3.3 10.4 - - - -
77Q VAL* 3.1 47.5 + - - +
79Q GLN* 4.6 9.2 + - - +
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Residues in contact with ARG 18 (chain Q).
Click here for Legend to table.
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Specific contacts
---------------------------
Residue Dist Surf HB Arom Phob DC
----------------------------------------------------------
11Q ASP 4.6 2.4 + - - -
14Q ALA* 3.2 20.9 + - - +
15Q ALA* 3.4 34.5 - - - +
17Q ASN* 1.3 79.9 - - - +
19Q MET* 1.3 64.1 + - - +
21Q ASN* 3.4 7.0 + - - +
22Q LEU* 3.1 20.8 + - - +
79Q GLN* 4.8 17.0 - - - +
116Q LEU* 5.4 2.0 - - - +
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Residues in contact with MET 19 (chain Q).
Click here for Legend to table.
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Specific contacts
---------------------------
Residue Dist Surf HB Arom Phob DC
----------------------------------------------------------
15Q ALA 2.9 16.0 + - - +
16Q VAL* 3.5 6.1 - - - +
18Q ARG* 1.3 75.3 - - - +
20Q LEU* 1.3 63.9 + - - +
22Q LEU* 3.2 14.5 + - - +
23Q GLU* 2.9 28.3 + - + +
65Q PHE* 3.4 30.1 - - + -
106Q VAL* 4.6 2.9 - - - +
109Q ALA* 3.1 51.4 - - + +
110Q LEU* 3.5 21.1 - - + +
113Q LEU* 3.7 19.3 - - + -
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Residues in contact with LEU 20 (chain Q).
Click here for Legend to table.
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Specific contacts
---------------------------
Residue Dist Surf HB Arom Phob DC
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16Q VAL* 2.9 16.4 + - + +
17Q ASN* 3.5 20.0 - - - +
19Q MET* 1.3 78.3 - - - +
21Q ASN* 1.3 62.1 + - + +
23Q GLU* 3.4 9.0 + - - +
24Q LEU* 3.1 42.4 + - + +
62Q ALA* 3.7 17.1 - - + +
65Q PHE* 4.2 14.3 - - + +
66Q MET* 3.8 35.4 - - + +
69Q GLN* 5.8 0.7 - - - +
76Q VAL* 4.0 18.8 - - + -
77Q VAL 5.6 0.7 - - - +
78Q LEU* 3.7 17.0 - - + -
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Residues in contact with ASN 21 (chain Q).
Click here for Legend to table.
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Specific contacts
---------------------------
Residue Dist Surf HB Arom Phob DC
----------------------------------------------------------
17Q ASN 3.4 7.0 + - - +
18Q ARG 3.6 8.9 - - - +
20Q LEU* 1.3 82.7 - - + +
22Q LEU* 1.3 61.8 + - - +
24Q LEU* 3.1 8.3 + - - +
25Q TYR* 2.8 30.0 + - - +
79Q GLN* 3.5 43.4 + - - +
80Q ASP 3.2 27.3 + - - +
81Q ILE* 4.3 7.7 - - - +
82Q LYS 5.6 0.7 + - - -
28U TYR* 4.4 4.4 + - - +
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Residues in contact with LEU 22 (chain Q).
Click here for Legend to table.
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Specific contacts
---------------------------
Residue Dist Surf HB Arom Phob DC
----------------------------------------------------------
18Q ARG 3.1 13.9 + - - +
19Q MET* 3.2 15.5 + - - +
21Q ASN* 1.3 77.2 + - - +
23Q GLU* 1.3 58.4 + - - +
25Q TYR* 3.2 23.7 + - + -
26Q ALA* 2.9 27.0 + - - +
102Q LEU* 5.4 1.6 - - + -
105Q THR* 4.4 17.0 - - + +
106Q VAL* 3.9 31.4 - - + +
109Q ALA* 3.7 30.1 - - + -
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Residues in contact with GLU 23 (chain Q).
Click here for Legend to table.
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Specific contacts
---------------------------
Residue Dist Surf HB Arom Phob DC
----------------------------------------------------------
19Q MET* 2.9 20.0 + - + +
20Q LEU 3.4 9.2 - - - +
22Q LEU* 1.3 76.9 - - - +
24Q LEU* 1.3 58.6 + - - +
26Q ALA* 3.3 5.1 + - - +
27Q SER* 2.9 28.2 + - - -
58Q GLU* 2.7 21.9 - - - +
61Q HIS* 3.4 19.3 - - + +
62Q ALA* 3.8 13.2 - - + +
65Q PHE* 4.1 19.0 - - + -
106Q VAL* 4.0 15.1 - - - +
110Q LEU* 4.9 2.6 - - - +
133Q TYR* 3.7 14.4 - - - -
176Q MG 2.4 31.0 - - - -
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Residues in contact with LEU 24 (chain Q).
Click here for Legend to table.
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Specific contacts
---------------------------
Residue Dist Surf HB Arom Phob DC
----------------------------------------------------------
20Q LEU* 3.1 30.8 + - + +
21Q ASN* 3.1 10.5 + - - +
23Q GLU* 1.3 76.3 - - - +
25Q TYR* 1.3 55.9 + - - +
27Q SER* 3.5 6.7 - - - +
28Q TYR* 3.0 27.5 + - - +
59Q ARG* 4.9 17.7 - - + -
62Q ALA* 3.7 18.8 - - + -
63Q GLU* 6.4 0.4 - - + -
66Q MET* 5.1 6.3 - - + -
78Q LEU* 4.8 0.2 - - + -
81Q ILE* 3.7 24.4 - - + +
28U TYR* 3.6 38.6 - - + +
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Residues in contact with TYR 25 (chain Q).
Click here for Legend to table.
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Specific contacts
---------------------------
Residue Dist Surf HB Arom Phob DC
----------------------------------------------------------
21Q ASN* 2.8 17.9 + - - +
22Q LEU* 3.4 27.8 - - + +
24Q LEU* 1.3 73.4 - - - +
26Q ALA* 1.3 63.5 + - - +
28Q TYR* 3.2 4.4 + - + +
29Q THR* 2.9 48.7 + - + +
81Q ILE* 4.0 9.6 - - + +
82Q LYS* 3.4 37.7 - - + +
83Q LYS 3.8 11.4 + - - -
84Q PRO* 4.1 1.6 - - + -
85Q GLU* 3.8 25.3 + - - +
102Q LEU* 4.1 17.3 - - + -
105Q THR* 6.5 0.4 - - + -
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Residues in contact with ALA 26 (chain Q).
Click here for Legend to table.
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Specific contacts
---------------------------
Residue Dist Surf HB Arom Phob DC
----------------------------------------------------------
22Q LEU 2.9 13.6 + - - +
23Q GLU* 3.5 9.0 - - - +
25Q TYR* 1.3 77.8 - - - +
27Q SER* 1.3 62.7 + - - +
29Q THR* 3.3 2.8 + - - -
30Q TYR* 3.1 31.5 + - + -
58Q GLU* 4.2 15.9 - - + -
102Q LEU* 3.9 26.0 - - + +
103Q GLU* 6.2 0.7 - - - +
106Q VAL* 4.2 19.3 - - + -
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Residues in contact with SER 27 (chain Q).
Click here for Legend to table.
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Specific contacts
---------------------------
Residue Dist Surf HB Arom Phob DC
----------------------------------------------------------
23Q GLU 2.9 17.7 + - - -
24Q LEU* 3.5 10.9 - - - +
26Q ALA* 1.3 77.3 - - - +
28Q TYR* 1.3 62.1 + - - +
30Q TYR 3.1 2.6 + - - -
31Q SER* 3.0 19.0 + - - -
55Q SER* 2.9 39.9 + - - +
58Q GLU* 3.8 12.3 - - - +
59Q ARG* 3.6 16.9 - - - +
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Residues in contact with TYR 28 (chain Q).
Click here for Legend to table.
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Specific contacts
---------------------------
Residue Dist Surf HB Arom Phob DC
----------------------------------------------------------
24Q LEU 3.0 18.8 + - - +
25Q TYR* 3.2 5.8 + - - +
27Q SER* 1.3 78.1 + - - +
29Q THR* 1.3 61.1 + - - +
31Q SER* 3.2 16.1 - - - -
32Q SER* 3.2 18.5 + - - -
81Q ILE* 4.0 12.8 - - + -
82Q LYS 3.6 18.8 - - - +
83Q LYS* 4.0 3.6 - - - -
84Q PRO* 3.7 17.5 - - + +
20U LEU* 5.1 0.2 - - - +
21U ASN* 4.4 2.8 + - - +
24U LEU* 3.5 28.5 - - + +
66U MET* 5.5 0.4 - - + -
78U LEU* 3.4 37.0 - - + +
79U GLN 3.0 30.2 + - - -
81U ILE* 3.7 22.3 - - + +
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Residues in contact with THR 29 (chain Q).
Click here for Legend to table.
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Specific contacts
---------------------------
Residue Dist Surf HB Arom Phob DC
----------------------------------------------------------
25Q TYR* 2.9 29.9 + - + -
26Q ALA* 3.6 9.0 - - - -
27Q SER 3.2 0.2 - - - -
28Q TYR* 1.3 74.8 - - - +
30Q TYR* 1.3 63.0 + - - +
32Q SER* 3.2 6.4 + - - -
33Q MET* 3.2 38.8 + - + +
84Q PRO* 3.4 22.0 - - + +
85Q GLU* 5.0 0.8 + - - +
89Q TRP* 4.0 15.3 - - + -
102Q LEU* 3.7 25.4 - - + -
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Residues in contact with TYR 30 (chain Q).
Click here for Legend to table.
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Specific contacts
---------------------------
Residue Dist Surf HB Arom Phob DC
----------------------------------------------------------
26Q ALA* 3.1 22.9 + - + -
27Q SER 3.1 6.5 + - - +
29Q THR* 1.3 73.4 - - - +
31Q SER* 1.3 60.1 + - - +
33Q MET* 3.2 12.8 + - + +
34Q TYR* 2.8 29.1 + - - +
50Q PHE* 5.9 0.4 - + - -
51Q PHE* 3.6 47.1 - + - +
54Q HIS* 3.9 29.1 + + + -
55Q SER* 3.7 7.4 - - - -
58Q GLU* 4.0 13.5 - - + -
99Q ALA* 3.9 24.4 + - + +
102Q LEU* 3.9 17.2 - - + +
103Q GLU* 2.8 41.0 + - - +
144Q ILE* 4.3 3.8 - - + +
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Residues in contact with SER 31 (chain Q).
Click here for Legend to table.
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Specific contacts
---------------------------
Residue Dist Surf HB Arom Phob DC
----------------------------------------------------------
27Q SER 3.0 11.4 + - - -
28Q TYR* 3.2 24.4 - - - -
30Q TYR* 1.3 75.5 - - - +
32Q SER* 1.3 63.1 + - - +
34Q TYR* 3.4 12.5 + - - +
35Q ALA* 3.1 22.5 + - - +
55Q SER* 3.8 13.3 + - - -
24U LEU* 6.1 0.5 - - - +
63U GLU* 4.8 6.4 + - - +
66U MET* 3.3 31.6 - - - +
78U LEU* 4.9 1.3 - - - -
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Residues in contact with SER 32 (chain Q).
Click here for Legend to table.
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Specific contacts
---------------------------
Residue Dist Surf HB Arom Phob DC
----------------------------------------------------------
28Q TYR 3.2 5.1 + - - -
29Q THR 3.2 11.5 + - - -
30Q TYR 3.2 0.4 - - - -
31Q SER* 1.3 73.9 - - - +
33Q MET* 1.3 60.4 + - - +
35Q ALA* 3.2 7.2 + - - +
36Q PHE* 2.9 28.6 + - - +
84Q PRO* 3.2 29.2 - - - +
86Q ARG 4.0 6.4 + - - -
87Q ASP* 5.1 7.7 + - - +
89Q TRP* 3.4 17.7 + - - -
76U VAL* 6.4 0.2 - - - -
78U LEU* 3.3 17.0 - - - +
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Residues in contact with MET 33 (chain Q).
Click here for Legend to table.
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Specific contacts
---------------------------
Residue Dist Surf HB Arom Phob DC
----------------------------------------------------------
29Q THR* 3.2 34.0 + - + +
30Q TYR* 3.2 16.4 + - + +
32Q SER* 1.3 77.1 - - - +
34Q TYR* 1.3 64.4 + - - +
36Q PHE* 3.3 1.1 + - - +
37Q PHE* 3.0 33.5 + - + -
51Q PHE* 3.8 42.8 - - + -
89Q TRP* 3.7 44.0 - - + +
95Q ALA* 3.8 22.2 - - - +
98Q ALA* 4.0 7.9 - - + +
99Q ALA* 4.2 8.7 - - - +
102Q LEU* 5.2 0.2 - - + -
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Residues in contact with TYR 34 (chain Q).
Click here for Legend to table.
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Specific contacts
---------------------------
Residue Dist Surf HB Arom Phob DC
----------------------------------------------------------
30Q TYR 2.8 13.6 + - - +
31Q SER* 3.4 14.8 - - - +
32Q SER 3.2 0.2 - - - -
33Q MET* 1.3 76.9 - - - +
35Q ALA* 1.3 72.5 + - - +
36Q PHE 3.3 0.2 + - - -
37Q PHE 3.4 0.3 + - - -
38Q ASP* 3.2 29.9 + - + +
48Q ALA* 3.2 39.1 - - + +
49Q GLU* 3.6 19.3 + - - -
51Q PHE* 4.0 3.0 - - - +
52Q LYS* 3.7 43.3 + - + +
63U GLU* 5.1 13.2 - - + -
66U MET* 4.5 22.4 - - + -
67U LYS* 3.3 36.3 - - + +
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Residues in contact with ALA 35 (chain Q).
Click here for Legend to table.
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Specific contacts
---------------------------
Residue Dist Surf HB Arom Phob DC
----------------------------------------------------------
31Q SER 3.1 10.2 + - - +
32Q SER* 3.2 9.2 + - - +
34Q TYR* 1.3 85.2 - - - +
36Q PHE* 1.3 62.8 + - - +
38Q ASP* 4.4 1.3 - - - -
39Q ARG* 3.5 9.4 + - - +
66U MET* 4.3 15.7 - - + -
70U ASN* 3.0 28.7 + - - +
76U VAL* 4.2 31.1 - - + +
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Residues in contact with PHE 36 (chain Q).
Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
Specific contacts
---------------------------
Residue Dist Surf HB Arom Phob DC
----------------------------------------------------------
32Q SER 2.9 17.2 + - - +
33Q MET 3.5 4.7 - - - +
34Q TYR 3.1 0.2 - - - -
35Q ALA* 1.3 78.0 - - - +
37Q PHE* 1.3 85.9 + + - +
39Q ARG* 3.3 52.1 - - - +
42Q VAL* 3.3 35.5 - - + +
87Q ASP 4.5 3.8 - - - +
88Q GLU* 3.8 12.3 - - + -
89Q TRP* 3.6 34.1 - - + -
90Q GLY* 3.5 42.2 - - - -
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Residues in contact with PHE 37 (chain Q).
Click here for Legend to table.
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Specific contacts
---------------------------
Residue Dist Surf HB Arom Phob DC
----------------------------------------------------------
33Q MET* 3.0 26.1 + - + +
34Q TYR 3.4 0.2 + - - -
36Q PHE* 1.3 90.3 - + - +
38Q ASP* 1.3 59.4 + - - +
39Q ARG 3.2 0.7 - - - -
42Q VAL* 3.5 23.6 - - + -
43Q ALA* 3.5 7.6 + - - -
44Q LEU* 3.2 50.4 + - + +
45Q HIS* 4.3 0.9 + - - -
47Q VAL* 3.9 11.4 - - + -
48Q ALA* 3.7 15.2 - - + +
51Q PHE* 3.7 19.7 - + - -
89Q TRP* 4.8 0.7 - - + -
91Q ASN* 3.5 24.2 - - - -
92Q THR* 3.6 27.6 - - - -
95Q ALA* 3.7 22.2 - - + -
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Residues in contact with ASP 38 (chain Q).
Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
Specific contacts
---------------------------
Residue Dist Surf HB Arom Phob DC
----------------------------------------------------------
142K LYS* 2.9 30.8 + - - -
34Q TYR* 3.2 28.9 + - + +
35Q ALA* 4.3 1.6 - - - -
36Q PHE 3.2 0.6 - - - -
37Q PHE* 1.3 75.2 - - - +
39Q ARG* 1.3 61.5 + - - +
45Q HIS* 3.4 23.5 + - - -
48Q ALA* 4.5 2.1 - - + +
67U LYS* 3.1 44.6 + - - +
70U ASN* 3.2 29.5 + - - +
----------------------------------------------------------
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A short description of the
analytical approach
The contact analysis used in this page
is based upon the approach
developed in:
Sobolev V., Wade R.C., Vriend G.
and Edelman M. PROTEINS (1996)
25, 120-129.
Contact legitimacy depends on the hydrophobic-hydrophilic
properties of the contacting atoms. In order to
define it, for each inter-atomic contact,
eight atom classes have been introduced:
I Hydrophilic - N and O that can donate and accept hydrogen bonds
(e.g., oxygen of hydroxyl group of Ser. or Thr)
II Acceptor - N or O that can only accept a hydrogen bond
III Donor - N that can only donate a hydrogen bond
IV Hydrophobic - Cl, Br, I and all C atoms that are not in
aromatic rings and do not have a covalent bond to
a N or O atom
V Aromatic - C in aromatic rings irrespective of any other
bonds formed by the atom
VI Neutral - C atoms that have a covalent bond to at least one
atom of class I or two or more atoms from class II
or III; atoms; S, F, P, and metal atoms in all cases
VII Neutral-donor - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only one
atom of class III
VIII Neutral-acceptor - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only
one atom of class II
For each pair of contacts the state of legitimacy
is shown below:
Legend:
+, legitimate
-, illegitimate
------------------------------------------------------------
Atomic class I II III IV V VI VII VIII
------------------------------------------------------------
I (Hydrophilic) + + + - + + + +
II (Acceptor) + - + - + + + -
III (Donor) + + - - + + - +
IV (Hydrophobic) - - - + + + + +
V (Aromatic) + + + + + + + +
VI (Neutral) + + + + + + + +
VII (Neutral-donor) + + - + + + - +
VIII (Neutral-acceptor) + - + + + + + -
------------------------------------------------------------
Warning!
Atom classes for heterogroups are automatically
assigned based on the atomic coordinates. However, in
three cases (see below) the automatic assignment
is currently ambiguous. In these
cases, the user is advised to manually analyse
the full list of contacts using
LPC software.
1. Carbon atoms belonging to a 4-, 5- or 6-member ring are
considered "aromatic" (Class V) if the ring is approximately
planar, and "hydrophobic" (Class IV) or "neutral" (Classes
VI, VII, VIII) if the ring is non-planar.
2. The oxygen atom of a carbonyl or hydroxy group is considered
"hydroxy" (Class I) if the CO bond is longer than 1.29 Å, and
"carbonyl" (Class II) if shorter.
3. All nitrogen atoms are considered "hydrophilic" (Class I).
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