Contacts of the helix formed by residues 91 - 112 (chain C) in PDB entry 1UDY


Residue contacts within the protein are derived with the CSU software (Sobolev V., Sorokine A., Prilusky J., Abola E.E. and Edelman M. (1999) Automated analysis of interatomic contacts in proteins. Bioinformatics, 15, 327-332). A short description of the analytical approach is given at the end of the page.
For CSU analysis of other PDB entry

Note:
Non-standard 3 letter residue codes indicate a heterogroup. To identify and analyse, use LPC software

Legend:
Dist - nearest distance (Å) between atoms of two residues
Surf - contact surface area (Å2) between two residues
HB   - hydrophilic-hydrophilic contact (hydrogen bond)
Arom - aromatic-aromatic contact
Phob - hydrophobic-hydrophobic contact
DC   - hydrophobic-hydrophilic contact (destabilizing contact)
+/-  - indicates presence/absence of a specific contacts
*    - indicates residues forming contacts  by their side chain
       (including CA atoms)
Residues in contact with CYS 91 (chain C).
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     35C  ILE*     3.9    11.0    -      -       +      +
     39C  ALA*     3.9    17.7    -      -       +      -
     42C  TYR*     6.4     0.7    -      -       -      -
     87C  LEU      3.3     4.9    +      -       -      +
     88C  ALA      3.4     5.1    +      -       -      -
     90C  GLY*     1.3    80.5    -      -       -      +
     92C  THR*     1.3    59.7    +      -       -      +
     93C  GLY*     3.0    30.1    +      -       -      -
     94C  VAL*     3.4    14.9    +      -       +      +
     95C  GLN*     3.2    19.4    +      -       -      +
    217C  GLN*     5.9     0.7    -      -       -      -
    219C  CYS*     4.7     5.8    -      -       -      -
    364C  LYS*     3.2    31.0    -      -       -      +
    368C  ASP*     5.8     0.2    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with THR 92 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     88C  ALA*     3.5    28.2    +      -       +      +
     91C  CYS*     1.3    69.8    -      -       -      +
     93C  GLY*     1.3    59.0    +      -       -      +
     94C  VAL      3.5     0.2    -      -       -      -
     95C  GLN*     3.7    10.3    -      -       -      -
     96C  THR*     2.6    35.7    +      -       -      -
    217C  GLN*     3.2    19.8    +      -       -      +
    266C  LEU*     3.8    26.0    -      -       +      +
    364C  LYS*     4.8     1.6    -      -       -      +
    368C  ASP*     3.5    17.7    +      -       -      +
    372C  TYR*     3.1    27.8    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLY 93 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     91C  CYS*     3.0    14.9    -      -       -      -
     92C  THR*     1.3    79.8    +      -       -      +
     94C  VAL*     1.3    64.0    +      -       -      +
     96C  THR*     4.0     0.3    -      -       -      -
     97C  ALA*     3.5    13.7    +      -       -      +
    217C  GLN*     4.0    25.4    -      -       -      +
    219C  CYS*     3.6    15.6    -      -       -      -
    220C  SER*     3.7    14.4    -      -       -      -
    364C  LYS*     5.1     0.6    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 94 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     30C  PHE*     5.7     0.2    -      -       +      -
     35C  ILE*     4.2    26.0    -      -       +      -
     39C  ALA*     6.1     2.0    -      -       -      -
     42C  TYR*     5.7     2.9    -      -       +      -
     49C  PRO*     4.2    14.1    -      -       +      -
     52C  LEU*     3.7    41.7    -      -       +      -
     53C  LEU*     4.8     3.4    -      -       +      -
     91C  CYS*     3.4    13.5    +      -       +      +
     93C  GLY*     1.3    74.1    -      -       -      +
     95C  GLN*     1.3    65.0    +      -       -      +
     97C  ALA*     3.2     5.9    +      -       -      +
     98C  ILE*     3.0    40.5    +      -       +      +
    219C  CYS*     4.1    16.6    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLN 95 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     35C  ILE*     6.0     0.4    -      -       -      +
     84C  THR*     3.1    36.6    +      -       -      +
     87C  LEU*     3.7    15.0    -      -       +      -
     88C  ALA*     3.5    28.0    -      -       -      +
     91C  CYS      3.2    14.8    +      -       -      +
     92C  THR*     3.7     6.9    +      -       -      +
     94C  VAL*     1.3    81.4    -      -       -      +
     96C  THR*     1.3    63.3    +      -       -      +
     98C  ILE*     3.3    10.1    +      -       -      +
     99C  GLU*     2.7    42.2    +      -       -      +
    258C  PRO      4.6     0.7    -      -       -      +
    262C  GLY*     4.3     4.4    -      -       -      -
    372C  TYR*     3.7    21.2    +      -       -      -
   2400C  CS8      4.3     8.4    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with THR 96 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     92C  THR      2.6    23.9    +      -       -      -
     93C  GLY      4.0     4.0    -      -       -      -
     94C  VAL      3.3     0.2    -      -       -      -
     95C  GLN*     1.3    81.1    +      -       -      +
     97C  ALA*     1.3    60.9    +      -       -      +
     99C  GLU      3.7     0.2    -      -       -      -
    100C  ALA*     2.8    29.0    +      -       -      +
    168C  THR*     4.2    13.2    -      -       +      +
    217C  GLN*     3.3    11.9    +      -       -      +
    220C  SER*     4.4     7.4    -      -       -      +
    375C  TYR*     3.0    32.5    +      -       +      +
   2399C  FAD      5.9     0.7    -      -       +      -
   2400C  CS8      3.9    28.2    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 97 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     48C  TYR*     4.1    17.0    -      -       +      +
     49C  PRO*     5.1     3.6    -      -       +      -
     53C  LEU*     4.3    10.8    -      -       +      -
     93C  GLY      3.5    10.3    +      -       -      +
     94C  VAL*     3.2    11.1    +      -       -      +
     96C  THR*     1.3    77.1    -      -       -      +
     98C  ILE*     1.3    63.6    +      -       -      +
    100C  ALA*     3.3     5.2    -      -       -      +
    101C  ASN      3.8     0.3    +      -       -      -
    130C  MET*     3.5     8.8    -      -       -      +
    168C  THR*     4.7     2.7    -      -       -      -
    169C  ASN*     3.1    39.8    -      -       -      +
    220C  SER*     4.7     6.8    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 98 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     30C  PHE*     4.9     3.4    -      -       +      -
     35C  ILE*     5.5     0.2    -      -       +      -
     52C  LEU      5.3     0.4    -      -       -      +
     53C  LEU*     3.5    19.7    -      -       +      -
     56C  ALA*     4.0    20.4    -      -       +      -
     61C  LEU      4.2    13.2    -      -       -      +
     62C  MET*     3.8    27.2    -      -       +      +
     63C  ASN      5.7     0.3    +      -       -      -
     87C  LEU*     3.8    29.4    -      -       +      -
     94C  VAL*     3.0    32.5    +      -       +      +
     95C  GLN*     3.5     7.0    -      -       -      +
     96C  THR      3.2     0.2    -      -       -      -
     97C  ALA*     1.3    76.1    -      -       -      +
     99C  GLU*     1.3    70.0    +      -       +      +
    101C  ASN*     3.1    23.4    +      -       -      +
    102C  THR*     4.1     1.7    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 99 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     80C  SER*     4.4    11.8    -      -       -      +
     84C  THR*     2.9    31.0    +      -       +      +
     95C  GLN*     2.7    29.5    +      -       -      +
     96C  THR      4.1     0.2    -      -       -      +
     98C  ILE*     1.3    75.1    -      -       +      +
    100C  ALA*     1.3    64.7    +      -       -      +
    101C  ASN      3.1     0.4    -      -       -      -
    102C  THR*     3.2    27.4    +      -       -      +
    103C  LEU*     3.1    20.4    +      -       -      +
    255C  THR*     5.5     2.1    -      -       -      +
    258C  PRO*     3.6    24.4    -      -       +      +
   2400C  CS8      3.3    29.9    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 100 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     96C  THR      2.8    19.3    +      -       -      +
     97C  ALA      3.3     1.8    -      -       -      +
     98C  ILE      3.1     0.4    -      -       -      -
     99C  GLU*     1.3    77.5    -      -       -      +
    101C  ASN*     1.3    62.4    +      -       -      +
    103C  LEU*     3.2     9.7    +      -       +      +
    104C  GLY*     3.1    19.2    +      -       -      -
    131C  CYS      4.4     6.1    -      -       -      +
    132C  ALA*     5.1     2.4    -      -       -      -
    133C  TYR      5.3     0.3    +      -       -      -
    168C  THR*     3.6    24.9    -      -       +      +
    169C  ASN*     3.2    24.5    -      -       +      +
   2400C  CS8      3.9     9.9    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASN 101 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     62C  MET*     4.3    10.2    -      -       +      -
     63C  ASN*     3.0    30.2    +      -       -      +
     97C  ALA      3.8     0.2    +      -       -      -
     98C  ILE      3.1    12.4    +      -       -      +
    100C  ALA*     1.3    79.7    -      -       -      +
    102C  THR*     1.3    61.4    +      -       -      +
    104C  GLY      3.2     1.7    +      -       -      -
    105C  GLN*     3.0    30.1    +      -       -      +
    124C  MET*     3.6     7.3    -      -       -      +
    129C  LEU      3.4    22.8    +      -       -      -
    130C  MET*     3.3    28.5    -      -       -      +
    131C  CYS*     3.3    27.2    +      -       -      -
    169C  ASN*     3.6     2.4    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with THR 102 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     63C  ASN*     4.9     4.0    +      -       -      -
     64C  THR*     4.9    10.9    +      -       -      -
     65C  HIS*     4.8    14.8    -      -       +      +
     77C  ILE*     5.8     4.5    -      -       +      -
     80C  SER*     4.9    11.8    +      -       -      +
     98C  ILE      4.1     1.1    +      -       -      -
     99C  GLU*     3.2    31.7    +      -       -      +
    101C  ASN*     1.3    76.3    -      -       -      +
    103C  LEU*     1.3    66.1    +      -       -      +
    105C  GLN*     3.1    14.2    +      -       -      +
    106C  VAL*     2.9    39.7    +      -       +      +
    255C  THR*     4.3     9.9    -      -       +      -
    258C  PRO*     5.8     3.1    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 103 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     99C  GLU      3.1     9.5    +      -       -      +
    100C  ALA*     3.2    12.3    +      -       +      +
    102C  THR*     1.3    79.7    -      -       -      +
    104C  GLY*     1.3    57.0    +      -       -      +
    107C  PRO*     3.2    19.6    -      -       -      +
    133C  TYR*     3.5    39.4    -      -       +      -
    251C  THR*     3.7    14.1    -      -       +      +
    252C  PHE*     4.9     1.3    -      -       +      -
    255C  THR*     3.6    33.7    -      -       +      +
    376C  GLU*     3.6    11.7    -      -       -      +
   2399C  FAD      4.3     4.3    -      -       -      +
   2400C  CS8      3.3    44.9    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLY 104 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    100C  ALA      3.1    13.5    +      -       -      -
    101C  ASN      3.7     2.9    -      -       -      -
    103C  LEU*     1.3    74.7    -      -       -      +
    105C  GLN*     1.3    60.5    +      -       -      +
    107C  PRO*     3.1    16.3    -      -       -      +
    108C  LEU*     4.7     1.0    +      -       -      +
    131C  CYS*     4.1     8.1    -      -       -      -
    132C  ALA      4.3    15.3    -      -       -      -
    133C  TYR*     4.3    10.7    -      -       -      +
    175C  TRP*     3.5    21.6    -      -       -      -
    177C  PHE*     4.0     4.0    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLN 105 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     63C  ASN*     2.4    43.5    +      -       -      +
     65C  HIS*     5.2     3.4    -      -       -      +
     66C  ILE*     3.2    34.2    -      -       +      +
    101C  ASN*     3.0    25.5    +      -       -      +
    102C  THR*     3.1    10.7    +      -       -      +
    104C  GLY*     1.3    76.1    -      -       -      +
    106C  VAL*     1.3    56.2    +      -       +      +
    107C  PRO      3.2     0.2    -      -       -      -
    108C  LEU*     2.7    35.7    +      -       -      +
    109C  ILE*     3.3    10.7    +      -       +      +
    121C  LEU*     4.2    15.9    -      -       +      -
    124C  MET*     4.0    10.2    -      -       +      +
    131C  CYS*     3.9    10.1    -      -       -      -
    175C  TRP*     4.1    10.8    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 106 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     65C  HIS*     4.3    17.7    -      -       +      +
     77C  ILE*     5.7     0.9    -      -       +      -
    102C  THR*     2.9    35.9    +      -       +      +
    105C  GLN*     1.3    75.9    -      -       +      +
    107C  PRO*     1.3    67.2    -      -       +      +
    109C  ILE*     3.1    19.6    +      -       +      +
    110C  ILE*     3.1    27.2    +      -       +      +
    251C  THR*     3.8    32.1    -      -       +      -
    254C  LYS*     4.0    18.4    -      -       +      +
    255C  THR*     4.0     9.6    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with PRO 107 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    103C  LEU      3.2    11.4    -      -       -      +
    104C  GLY      3.1    19.3    -      -       -      +
    105C  GLN      3.2     0.2    -      -       -      -
    106C  VAL*     1.3    90.9    -      -       +      +
    108C  LEU*     1.3    56.0    +      -       +      +
    110C  ILE*     4.5     1.3    -      -       +      -
    111C  GLY*     2.8    29.5    +      -       -      -
    133C  TYR*     3.8    21.1    -      -       +      -
    177C  PHE*     3.5    34.3    -      -       +      -
    238C  LEU*     3.4     8.8    -      -       +      +
    247C  ILE*     3.9    14.4    -      -       +      +
    251C  THR*     3.5    16.4    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 108 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    104C  GLY      4.9     0.9    -      -       -      +
    105C  GLN      2.7    16.6    +      -       -      +
    107C  PRO*     1.3    73.6    -      -       +      +
    109C  ILE*     1.3    59.2    +      -       -      +
    112C  GLY*     3.0    24.7    +      -       -      +
    116C  GLN*     4.2    19.1    -      -       +      +
    117C  GLN*     3.4    16.2    -      -       +      +
    120C  TYR*     3.7    20.0    -      -       +      -
    121C  LEU*     3.3    29.4    -      -       +      -
    175C  TRP*     3.5    27.6    -      -       +      -
    177C  PHE*     6.2     2.0    -      -       +      -
    198C  ILE*     4.2    16.8    -      -       +      -
    238C  LEU*     3.2    28.7    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 109 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     65C  HIS*     3.4    55.2    -      -       +      +
     66C  ILE*     4.1     3.6    -      -       -      +
     67C  PRO*     3.7    21.5    -      -       +      -
    105C  GLN*     3.3    10.9    +      -       +      +
    106C  VAL*     3.1    17.8    +      -       -      +
    108C  LEU*     1.3    78.6    -      -       -      +
    110C  ILE*     1.3    67.1    +      -       +      +
    112C  GLY      5.0     0.9    +      -       -      +
    117C  GLN*     3.9    13.5    +      -       -      +
    121C  LEU*     3.6    22.0    -      -       +      -
    254C  LYS*     4.8     0.7    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 110 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    106C  VAL*     3.1    23.5    +      -       +      +
    107C  PRO*     4.2     3.8    -      -       +      +
    109C  ILE*     1.3    84.5    -      -       +      +
    111C  GLY*     1.3    61.5    +      -       -      +
    112C  GLY      3.8     1.1    -      -       -      -
    247C  ILE*     4.3    12.3    -      -       +      +
    250C  GLY*     3.8    34.8    -      -       -      +
    251C  THR*     3.9     5.2    -      -       -      +
    254C  LYS*     3.4    31.0    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLY 111 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    107C  PRO      2.8    16.3    +      -       -      -
    110C  ILE*     1.3    80.0    -      -       -      +
    112C  GLY*     1.3    59.7    +      -       -      +
    113C  ASN*     4.7     0.3    -      -       -      +
    238C  LEU*     3.2     6.1    -      -       -      +
    239C  THR*     2.7    43.5    +      -       -      -
    247C  ILE*     4.5    14.4    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLY 112 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    107C  PRO      3.6     1.4    +      -       -      -
    108C  LEU*     3.0    16.2    +      -       -      +
    109C  ILE      5.1     1.7    -      -       -      +
    110C  ILE      5.3     0.7    -      -       -      -
    111C  GLY*     1.3    81.2    -      -       -      +
    113C  ASN*     1.3    66.4    +      -       -      -
    116C  GLN*     3.3    12.8    -      -       -      -
    117C  GLN*     3.1    16.4    +      -       -      -
    238C  LEU*     3.8     8.7    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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A short description of the analytical approach
The contact analysis used in this page is based upon the approach developed in: Sobolev V., Wade R.C., Vriend G. and Edelman M. PROTEINS (1996) 25, 120-129. Contact legitimacy depends on the hydrophobic-hydrophilic properties of the contacting atoms. In order to define it, for each inter-atomic contact, eight atom classes have been introduced:


   I  Hydrophilic      - N and O that can donate and accept hydrogen bonds
                         (e.g., oxygen of hydroxyl group of Ser. or Thr)
  II  Acceptor         - N or O that can only accept a hydrogen bond
 III  Donor            - N that can only donate a hydrogen bond
  IV  Hydrophobic      - Cl, Br, I and all C atoms that are not in
                         aromatic rings and do not have a covalent bond to
                         a N or O atom
   V  Aromatic         - C in aromatic rings irrespective of any other 
                         bonds formed by the atom
  VI  Neutral          - C atoms that have a covalent bond to at least one
                         atom of class I or two or more atoms from class II
                         or III; atoms; S, F, P, and metal atoms in all cases
 VII  Neutral-donor    - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only one
                         atom of class III
VIII  Neutral-acceptor - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only 
                         one atom of class II
For each pair of contacts the state of legitimacy is shown below:

Legend:
+, legitimate
-, illegitimate
------------------------------------------------------------
  Atomic class           I  II  III   IV   V   VI  VII  VIII
------------------------------------------------------------
   I  (Hydrophilic)      +   +    +    -   +   +    +    +
  II  (Acceptor)         +   -    +    -   +   +    +    -
 III  (Donor)            +   +    -    -   +   +    -    +
  IV  (Hydrophobic)      -   -    -    +   +   +    +    +
   V  (Aromatic)         +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
  VI  (Neutral)          +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
 VII  (Neutral-donor)    +   +    -    +   +   +    -    +
VIII  (Neutral-acceptor) +   -    +    +   +   +    +    -
------------------------------------------------------------
Warning!
Atom classes for heterogroups are automatically assigned based on the atomic coordinates. However, in three cases (see below) the automatic assignment is currently ambiguous. In these cases, the user is advised to manually analyse the full list of contacts using LPC software.
1. Carbon atoms belonging to a 4-, 5- or 6-member ring are 
   considered "aromatic" (Class V) if the ring is approximately
   planar, and "hydrophobic" (Class IV) or "neutral" (Classes
   VI, VII, VIII) if the ring is non-planar.
2. The oxygen atom of a carbonyl or hydroxy group is considered
   "hydroxy" (Class I) if the CO bond is longer than 1.29 Å, and
   "carbonyl" (Class II) if shorter.
3. All nitrogen atoms are considered "hydrophilic" (Class I).

Please E-mail any questions and/or suggestions concerning this page to Vladimir.Sobolev@weizmann.ac.il