Contacts of the helix formed by residues 213 - 233 (chain A) in PDB entry 1UW9


Residue contacts within the protein are derived with the CSU software (Sobolev V., Sorokine A., Prilusky J., Abola E.E. and Edelman M. (1999) Automated analysis of interatomic contacts in proteins. Bioinformatics, 15, 327-332). A short description of the analytical approach is given at the end of the page.
For CSU analysis of other PDB entry

Note:
Non-standard 3 letter residue codes indicate a heterogroup. To identify and analyse, use LPC software

Legend:
Dist - nearest distance (Å) between atoms of two residues
Surf - contact surface area (Å2) between two residues
HB   - hydrophilic-hydrophilic contact (hydrogen bond)
Arom - aromatic-aromatic contact
Phob - hydrophobic-hydrophobic contact
DC   - hydrophobic-hydrophilic contact (destabilizing contact)
+/-  - indicates presence/absence of a specific contacts
*    - indicates residues forming contacts  by their side chain
       (including CA atoms)
Residues in contact with ARG 213 (chain A).
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    208A  SER*     3.5    13.8    +      -       -      +
    209A  GLN*     3.4    27.5    +      -       -      +
    210A  PRO*     3.5    21.9    +      -       -      +
    212A  MET*     1.3    76.0    -      -       -      +
    214A  TRP*     1.3    67.8    +      -       +      +
    215A  ARG      3.3     2.1    +      -       -      +
    216A  ASP*     3.3    25.4    +      -       -      +
    217A  ARG*     3.3    18.2    +      -       -      +
    109B  GLU*     5.5     0.2    -      -       -      +
    110B  GLU*     2.8    43.6    +      -       -      -
    149O  VAL      5.4     4.8    +      -       -      -
    152O  PRO      5.6     0.7    -      -       -      +
    285O  ARG*     3.6    47.6    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with TRP 214 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    207A  ASN      3.5    17.9    -      -       -      +
    208A  SER*     3.0    28.1    +      -       -      -
    212A  MET      3.9     0.2    +      -       -      -
    213A  ARG*     1.3    73.3    -      -       +      +
    215A  ARG*     1.3    93.8    +      -       +      +
    217A  ARG*     3.0    20.4    +      -       -      +
    218A  PHE*     2.9    48.5    +      +       +      -
    249A  GLU*     3.9     5.3    +      -       -      -
    252A  LYS*     3.8    28.5    -      -       +      +
    253A  ARG*     3.5    55.6    -      -       +      +
    256A  SMC      3.6    39.9    -      -       +      -
    285O  ARG*     6.4     0.8    -      -       -      +
    286O  ASP*     5.2    11.8    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG 215 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    213A  ARG*     3.4     1.8    -      -       +      +
    214A  TRP*     1.3   115.3    -      -       +      +
    216A  ASP*     1.3    64.5    +      -       -      +
    218A  PHE*     3.4     2.3    +      -       -      +
    219A  LEU*     3.1    51.6    +      -       +      +
    256A  SMC      3.7    29.7    -      -       -      +
    161O  LYS*     5.0     2.7    -      -       -      +
    258O  LYS*     4.6     2.6    -      -       -      +
    285O  ARG*     3.7    21.8    -      -       -      +
    286O  ASP*     3.1    26.1    +      -       -      +
    287O  ASN*     3.4    20.6    +      -       -      +
    288O  GLY*     3.5    20.5    -      -       -      +
     63T  VAL*     3.7    27.7    +      -       -      +
     65T  CYS*     4.9     2.4    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASP 216 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    182A  ALA*     3.6    19.5    -      -       +      -
    213A  ARG*     3.3    24.6    +      -       -      +
    214A  TRP      3.3     0.2    -      -       -      -
    215A  ARG*     1.3    77.6    -      -       -      +
    217A  ARG*     1.3    64.3    +      -       -      +
    219A  LEU*     3.3     3.2    +      -       -      +
    220A  PHE*     3.1    29.7    +      -       +      -
    152O  PRO      4.9     3.3    -      -       -      +
    153O  HIS*     3.4    13.4    +      -       -      -
    157O  VAL*     3.4    31.8    -      -       +      +
    161O  LYS*     3.0    32.8    +      -       -      +
    285O  ARG*     6.0     1.6    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG 217 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    182A  ALA*     3.6    10.4    -      -       -      +
    185A  TYR*     3.6    15.0    -      -       +      -
    202A  ASP*     2.8    40.0    +      -       -      +
    206A  VAL*     3.3    21.9    +      -       -      +
    207A  ASN*     2.8    33.7    +      -       -      +
    209A  GLN*     5.4     0.4    +      -       -      -
    212A  MET*     3.6    38.3    +      -       -      +
    213A  ARG      3.3     3.6    +      -       -      +
    214A  TRP*     3.0    19.1    +      -       -      +
    216A  ASP*     1.3    80.4    -      -       -      +
    218A  PHE*     1.3    75.3    +      -       -      +
    220A  PHE*     3.3     0.7    +      -       -      +
    221A  VAL*     2.8    48.7    +      -       +      +
    240A  LEU*     4.7     2.2    -      -       +      +
    241A  ASN      4.1     4.6    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with PHE 218 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    214A  TRP*     2.9    54.1    +      +       +      -
    215A  ARG      3.7     7.4    -      -       -      +
    216A  ASP      3.4     0.2    -      -       -      -
    217A  ARG*     1.3    96.1    -      -       -      +
    219A  LEU*     1.3    55.4    +      -       -      +
    221A  VAL*     3.9     1.0    -      -       -      +
    222A  THR*     2.7    37.8    +      -       -      -
    240A  LEU*     3.6    48.5    -      -       +      +
    241A  ASN      3.4    21.1    -      -       -      -
    242A  ALA*     5.1     0.2    -      -       -      -
    253A  ARG*     3.3    29.4    -      -       +      -
    256A  SMC      3.8    14.6    -      -       +      -
    257A  ALA*     4.3     7.6    -      -       +      -
    260A  LEU*     4.1    11.4    -      -       +      -
    265A  ILE*     5.4     1.3    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 219 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    215A  ARG*     3.1    47.9    +      -       -      +
    216A  ASP*     3.6     9.4    -      -       -      +
    217A  ARG      3.2     0.2    -      -       -      -
    218A  PHE*     1.3    76.2    -      -       -      +
    220A  PHE*     1.3    68.1    +      -       +      +
    222A  THR*     3.2     8.0    +      -       -      -
    223A  GLU*     3.1    18.4    +      -       -      +
    256A  SMC      4.5     2.5    -      -       +      -
    260A  LEU*     4.2    26.2    -      -       +      -
    161O  LYS*     4.6    14.6    -      -       -      +
     63T  VAL      4.8     2.9    -      -       -      +
     65T  CYS      3.4    25.8    -      -       -      +
     66T  LEU      3.9    16.8    -      -       -      +
     67T  TYR*     4.0    20.3    -      -       +      +
     71T  ARG*     5.1     3.3    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with PHE 220 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    182A  ALA*     3.6    19.3    -      -       +      +
    183A  LYS*     3.5    31.6    -      -       +      -
    186A  GLY*     4.2     3.1    -      -       -      -
    216A  ASP*     3.1    25.9    +      -       +      +
    217A  ARG      4.1     1.1    -      -       -      +
    219A  LEU*     1.3    74.1    -      -       +      +
    221A  VAL*     1.3    65.5    +      -       -      +
    223A  GLU*     3.3     7.7    +      -       -      +
    224A  ALA*     3.1    18.2    +      -       -      +
    157O  VAL*     5.2     3.8    -      -       +      -
    160O  ASP*     3.5    45.1    -      -       +      -
    161O  LYS*     3.7    24.0    -      -       +      -
     71T  ARG*     4.2    26.0    -      -       +      -
     72T  TYR*     3.4    36.4    -      +       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 221 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    185A  TYR*     4.2    15.9    -      -       +      -
    186A  GLY*     4.4     7.0    -      -       -      +
    189A  VAL*     4.2    12.8    -      -       +      -
    217A  ARG*     2.8    37.6    +      -       +      +
    218A  PHE      4.0     0.2    -      -       -      +
    220A  PHE*     1.3    76.3    -      -       +      +
    222A  THR*     1.3    58.1    +      -       -      +
    224A  ALA*     3.0     8.2    +      -       -      +
    225A  ILE*     2.8    34.2    +      -       +      +
    238A  HIS*     3.5    39.9    -      -       +      +
    240A  LEU*     3.8    15.5    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with THR 222 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    218A  PHE      2.7    25.7    +      -       -      -
    219A  LEU*     3.2     7.8    +      -       -      -
    221A  VAL*     1.3    76.3    -      -       -      +
    223A  GLU*     1.3    62.4    +      -       -      +
    225A  ILE*     3.2     9.4    +      -       -      +
    226A  TYR*     3.1    51.6    +      -       +      -
    240A  LEU*     4.8     2.6    -      -       -      +
    260A  LEU*     3.4    18.8    -      -       +      +
    262A  VAL*     3.5    17.5    -      -       +      +
     60T  PHE*     4.1    12.6    -      -       +      -
     67T  TYR*     4.0    11.2    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 223 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    219A  LEU      3.1    10.1    +      -       -      +
    220A  PHE*     3.5    11.5    -      -       -      +
    222A  THR*     1.3    74.9    -      -       -      +
    224A  ALA*     1.3    56.5    +      -       -      +
    226A  TYR*     3.4     1.6    +      -       -      +
    227A  LYS*     2.9    34.7    +      -       +      +
     67T  TYR*     3.3    24.6    +      -       +      +
     68T  TYR      3.2    18.2    -      -       -      +
     69T  ASP*     4.3     6.4    -      -       -      +
     70T  ASN*     3.6     4.7    +      -       -      +
     71T  ARG*     2.9    43.6    +      -       -      +
     72T  TYR*     2.9    45.6    +      -       +      +
   1141T  EDO      6.3     0.7    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 224 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    186A  GLY      3.2    28.0    -      -       -      +
    189A  VAL*     3.8     9.2    -      -       +      -
    190A  TYR*     3.6    24.5    -      -       +      +
    193A  LEU*     4.5     2.7    -      -       -      -
    220A  PHE      3.1    10.7    +      -       -      +
    221A  VAL      3.0     9.5    +      -       -      +
    223A  GLU*     1.3    74.7    -      -       -      +
    225A  ILE*     1.3    65.9    +      -       -      +
    227A  LYS*     3.9     3.3    -      -       -      +
    228A  ALA*     3.0    26.0    +      -       -      +
     72T  TYR*     4.4     4.9    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 225 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    189A  VAL*     4.9     0.2    -      -       +      -
    193A  LEU*     3.9    13.9    -      -       +      -
    221A  VAL*     2.8    27.9    +      -       +      +
    222A  THR*     3.7     6.7    -      -       -      +
    224A  ALA*     1.3    72.7    -      -       -      +
    226A  TYR*     1.3    76.5    +      -       +      +
    228A  ALA*     3.9     1.6    -      -       -      +
    229A  GLN*     2.9    29.9    +      -       -      +
    236A  LYS*     3.4    31.7    -      -       +      +
    237A  GLY*     4.3     1.1    -      -       -      -
    238A  HIS*     3.8    41.7    -      -       +      +
    240A  LEU*     5.3     1.3    -      -       +      -
    262A  VAL*     4.0    28.0    -      -       +      -
    263A  PRO*     4.7     4.0    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with TYR 226 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    222A  THR*     3.1    37.2    +      -       +      +
    223A  GLU      4.1     2.5    -      -       -      +
    225A  ILE*     1.3    91.7    -      -       +      +
    227A  LYS*     1.3    64.5    +      -       -      +
    229A  GLN*     3.8    17.2    -      -       -      +
    230A  ALA*     3.1    18.2    +      -       -      +
    260A  LEU      2.7    23.4    +      -       -      -
    261A  GLY      3.1    12.8    +      -       -      -
    262A  VAL*     3.6     7.9    +      -       +      -
    263A  PRO*     5.8     0.9    -      -       +      -
     54I  ASN*     5.8     1.8    -      -       -      -
     68I  TYR*     5.4     2.9    -      +       -      -
     56T  SER*     3.4    34.5    -      -       -      +
     59T  ARG*     3.0    42.1    +      -       -      -
     60T  PHE*     3.9     9.2    -      +       -      -
     67T  TYR*     3.8     3.6    -      -       -      +
   1141T  EDO      3.3    13.3    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LYS 227 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    190A  TYR*     3.4    45.0    +      -       +      -
    223A  GLU*     2.9    23.5    +      -       +      +
    224A  ALA*     3.9     3.8    -      -       -      +
    226A  TYR*     1.3    77.0    -      -       -      +
    228A  ALA*     1.3    57.8    +      -       -      +
    230A  ALA*     3.3     3.3    +      -       -      +
    231A  GLU*     2.9    33.2    +      -       +      +
     45T  ALA*     5.7     1.4    -      -       -      +
     49T  LYS*     4.1    32.7    +      -       -      +
     70T  ASN*     4.6     6.5    +      -       -      +
     72T  TYR*     3.4    38.7    +      -       +      +
     73T  TRP*     4.3     5.9    -      -       -      +
     74T  THR*     4.5     2.7    +      -       -      -
   1141T  EDO      3.6    20.8    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 228 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    190A  TYR*     3.9    12.5    -      -       +      +
    193A  LEU*     3.5    34.3    -      -       +      -
    194A  ARG*     3.7    14.6    -      -       -      +
    224A  ALA      3.0    16.6    +      -       -      +
    225A  ILE      3.9     2.0    -      -       -      +
    227A  LYS*     1.3    76.6    -      -       -      +
    229A  GLN*     1.3    56.7    +      -       -      +
    231A  GLU*     3.7     4.9    -      -       -      +
    232A  THR*     2.9    37.4    +      -       -      +
    236A  LYS*     4.0     2.9    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLN 229 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    225A  ILE*     2.9    21.2    +      -       -      +
    226A  TYR*     3.8    16.3    -      -       -      +
    228A  ALA*     1.3    76.7    -      -       -      +
    230A  ALA*     1.3    57.3    +      -       -      +
    232A  THR*     3.7     0.2    +      -       -      -
    233A  GLY*     2.8    30.1    +      -       -      -
    234A  GLU      3.3    21.7    +      -       -      +
    235A  VAL*     3.4    13.9    -      -       -      +
    236A  LYS*     3.0    37.1    +      -       +      +
     52I  VAL*     3.5    25.8    -      -       +      +
     54I  ASN*     4.9     4.0    +      -       -      +
     68I  TYR*     3.6    22.7    +      -       -      -
     59T  ARG*     6.0     0.2    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 230 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    226A  TYR      3.1    18.9    +      -       -      +
    227A  LYS      3.8     2.5    -      -       -      +
    229A  GLN*     1.3    78.2    -      -       -      +
    231A  GLU*     1.3    63.7    +      -       -      +
    233A  GLY*     3.9     1.0    +      -       -      -
     10I  LYS*     3.2    23.7    +      -       -      -
     49T  LYS*     4.2    14.6    -      -       -      +
   1141T  EDO      3.7    21.5    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 231 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    190A  TYR*     2.6    28.8    +      -       -      -
    194A  ARG*     3.0    45.1    +      -       -      +
    227A  LYS*     2.9    22.3    +      -       +      +
    228A  ALA*     3.7     5.8    -      -       -      +
    229A  GLN      3.2     0.2    -      -       -      -
    230A  ALA*     1.3    80.0    -      -       -      +
    232A  THR*     1.3    61.7    +      -       +      +
      4I  TRP*     5.2     0.3    -      -       -      -
      5I  THR      4.3     1.4    -      -       -      +
      6I  PRO*     3.3    37.0    -      -       +      +
      9I  ASN*     4.3     6.5    +      -       +      +
     10I  LYS*     3.9    23.0    +      -       -      +
     49T  LYS*     6.3     1.8    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with THR 232 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    194A  ARG*     3.5    36.1    -      -       +      +
    228A  ALA      2.9    20.6    +      -       -      +
    231A  GLU*     1.3    81.2    -      -       +      +
    233A  GLY*     1.3    59.9    +      -       -      +
    234A  GLU*     3.2    19.8    +      -       -      +
    236A  LYS*     3.3    22.9    -      -       -      +
      9I  ASN      4.6     3.6    -      -       -      +
     10I  LYS*     3.6     3.8    -      -       -      +
     11I  MET*     2.8    42.3    +      -       +      +
     17I  TYR*     4.8     5.6    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLY 233 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    229A  GLN      2.8    13.5    +      -       -      -
    230A  ALA*     3.9     3.1    +      -       -      -
    231A  GLU      3.6     1.8    -      -       -      -
    232A  THR*     1.3    76.8    -      -       -      +
    234A  GLU*     1.3    60.3    -      -       -      +
    235A  VAL      4.4     0.2    +      -       -      -
     10I  LYS*     4.0     6.5    -      -       -      +
     11I  MET      4.6     2.1    -      -       -      +
     12I  PHE*     5.9     0.3    -      -       -      -
     13I  GLU*     6.0     0.3    -      -       -      +
     51I  TYR*     3.9    35.0    -      -       -      +
     52I  VAL*     4.8    13.5    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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A short description of the analytical approach
The contact analysis used in this page is based upon the approach developed in: Sobolev V., Wade R.C., Vriend G. and Edelman M. PROTEINS (1996) 25, 120-129. Contact legitimacy depends on the hydrophobic-hydrophilic properties of the contacting atoms. In order to define it, for each inter-atomic contact, eight atom classes have been introduced:


   I  Hydrophilic      - N and O that can donate and accept hydrogen bonds
                         (e.g., oxygen of hydroxyl group of Ser. or Thr)
  II  Acceptor         - N or O that can only accept a hydrogen bond
 III  Donor            - N that can only donate a hydrogen bond
  IV  Hydrophobic      - Cl, Br, I and all C atoms that are not in
                         aromatic rings and do not have a covalent bond to
                         a N or O atom
   V  Aromatic         - C in aromatic rings irrespective of any other 
                         bonds formed by the atom
  VI  Neutral          - C atoms that have a covalent bond to at least one
                         atom of class I or two or more atoms from class II
                         or III; atoms; S, F, P, and metal atoms in all cases
 VII  Neutral-donor    - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only one
                         atom of class III
VIII  Neutral-acceptor - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only 
                         one atom of class II
For each pair of contacts the state of legitimacy is shown below:

Legend:
+, legitimate
-, illegitimate
------------------------------------------------------------
  Atomic class           I  II  III   IV   V   VI  VII  VIII
------------------------------------------------------------
   I  (Hydrophilic)      +   +    +    -   +   +    +    +
  II  (Acceptor)         +   -    +    -   +   +    +    -
 III  (Donor)            +   +    -    -   +   +    -    +
  IV  (Hydrophobic)      -   -    -    +   +   +    +    +
   V  (Aromatic)         +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
  VI  (Neutral)          +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
 VII  (Neutral-donor)    +   +    -    +   +   +    -    +
VIII  (Neutral-acceptor) +   -    +    +   +   +    +    -
------------------------------------------------------------
Warning!
Atom classes for heterogroups are automatically assigned based on the atomic coordinates. However, in three cases (see below) the automatic assignment is currently ambiguous. In these cases, the user is advised to manually analyse the full list of contacts using LPC software.
1. Carbon atoms belonging to a 4-, 5- or 6-member ring are 
   considered "aromatic" (Class V) if the ring is approximately
   planar, and "hydrophobic" (Class IV) or "neutral" (Classes
   VI, VII, VIII) if the ring is non-planar.
2. The oxygen atom of a carbonyl or hydroxy group is considered
   "hydroxy" (Class I) if the CO bond is longer than 1.29 Å, and
   "carbonyl" (Class II) if shorter.
3. All nitrogen atoms are considered "hydrophilic" (Class I).

Please E-mail any questions and/or suggestions concerning this page to Vladimir.Sobolev@weizmann.ac.il