Contacts of the helix formed by residues 85 - 107 (chain A) in PDB entry 1VGO


Residue contacts within the protein are derived with the CSU software (Sobolev V., Sorokine A., Prilusky J., Abola E.E. and Edelman M. (1999) Automated analysis of interatomic contacts in proteins. Bioinformatics, 15, 327-332). A short description of the analytical approach is given at the end of the page.
For CSU analysis of other PDB entry

Note:
Non-standard 3 letter residue codes indicate a heterogroup. To identify and analyse, use LPC software

Legend:
Dist - nearest distance (Å) between atoms of two residues
Surf - contact surface area (Å2) between two residues
HB   - hydrophilic-hydrophilic contact (hydrogen bond)
Arom - aromatic-aromatic contact
Phob - hydrophobic-hydrophobic contact
DC   - hydrophobic-hydrophilic contact (destabilizing contact)
+/-  - indicates presence/absence of a specific contacts
*    - indicates residues forming contacts  by their side chain
       (including CA atoms)
Residues in contact with TYR 85 (chain A).
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     69A  GLY*     3.2    24.0    +      -       -      +
     70A  VAL      5.3     0.2    -      -       -      -
     71A  THR*     3.6    32.4    +      -       +      +
     83A  ILE*     3.1    10.5    +      -       +      -
     84A  TYR*     1.3    70.1    -      -       -      +
     86A  ALA*     1.3    60.8    +      -       -      +
     88A  TYR*     3.1    12.0    +      -       -      +
     89A  ALA*     3.1    21.3    +      -       -      +
    128A  LEU*     4.2    22.7    -      -       +      +
    132A  LEU*     4.0    34.7    -      -       +      +
    309A  BNG      3.5    46.2    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 86 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     60A  ALA*     3.7    17.5    -      -       -      +
     63A  ALA*     4.4    13.7    -      -       +      -
     64A  MET*     3.7    24.0    -      -       +      -
     68A  ILE      4.8     7.9    -      -       -      +
     69A  GLY*     4.4     2.7    +      -       -      -
     84A  TYR      2.9     1.0    +      -       -      -
     85A  TYR*     1.3    76.6    -      -       -      +
     87A  ARG*     1.3    64.3    +      -       -      +
     89A  ALA*     3.7    10.1    -      -       -      +
     90A  ASP*     3.0    24.6    +      -       -      +
    309A  BNG      6.1     1.8    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG 87 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     17A  LEU*     5.4     3.8    -      -       -      +
     61A  TYR*     5.6     2.4    +      -       -      -
     64A  MET*     4.0    31.9    -      -       +      +
     84A  TYR*     2.8    25.3    +      -       +      +
     86A  ALA*     1.3    77.8    -      -       -      +
     88A  TYR*     1.3    75.5    +      -       +      +
     90A  ASP*     3.3     6.9    -      -       -      +
     91A  TRP*     3.1    67.4    +      -       +      +
    194A  TRP*     6.2     0.6    -      -       -      -
    199A  GLU*     4.0    14.5    +      -       -      -
    206A  LEU*     6.2     2.4    -      -       -      +
    209A  GLU*     4.2     2.4    +      -       -      -
    210A  THR*     4.7    18.2    +      -       -      +
    213A  PHE*     3.7    42.7    -      -       -      +
    217A  ASP*     5.5     1.6    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with TYR 88 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     83A  ILE*     4.5     6.7    -      -       +      -
     84A  TYR      3.8    15.9    -      -       -      -
     85A  TYR      3.1     6.2    +      -       -      +
     87A  ARG*     1.3    95.8    +      -       -      +
     89A  ALA*     1.3    61.7    +      -       -      +
     90A  ASP      3.3     0.2    -      -       -      -
     91A  TRP*     4.0    22.3    -      +       -      -
     92A  LEU*     2.9    30.7    +      -       -      +
    124A  ILE*     3.3    18.4    -      -       +      +
    127A  GLY      3.9     4.5    -      -       -      -
    128A  LEU*     3.7    62.8    -      -       +      -
    131A  ALA*     3.7    16.8    -      -       +      +
    194A  TRP*     3.2    27.1    +      -       -      -
    199A  GLU*     4.8     4.9    +      -       -      +
    260A  RET      4.1     7.0    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 89 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     56A  ILE*     5.2     1.2    -      -       -      +
     60A  ALA*     6.1     0.4    -      -       +      -
     85A  TYR      3.1    12.9    +      -       -      +
     86A  ALA*     3.7    13.2    -      -       -      +
     87A  ARG      3.3     0.2    -      -       -      -
     88A  TYR*     1.3    74.4    -      -       -      +
     90A  ASP*     1.3    68.5    +      -       -      +
     92A  LEU*     3.4     7.7    +      -       -      -
     93A  PHE*     3.1    31.7    +      -       +      +
    309A  BNG      4.3    29.6    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASP 90 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     56A  ILE*     4.4     9.3    -      -       -      +
     57A  ALA*     3.7    27.9    +      -       -      +
     60A  ALA*     3.6    15.5    -      -       +      +
     61A  TYR*     4.4    12.5    -      -       -      -
     64A  MET*     5.3     0.9    -      -       -      +
     86A  ALA      3.0    13.8    +      -       -      +
     87A  ARG*     3.3    12.3    -      -       -      +
     89A  ALA*     1.3    80.3    -      -       -      +
     91A  TRP*     1.3    66.3    +      -       -      +
     93A  PHE*     3.0     1.9    +      -       -      +
     94A  THR*     2.8    53.0    +      -       -      -
    217A  ASP*     4.9     0.5    -      -       -      +
    221A  LYS*     3.7    10.1    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with TRP 91 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     87A  ARG*     3.1    52.4    +      -       +      +
     88A  TYR*     4.0    17.3    -      +       -      +
     90A  ASP*     1.3    91.5    +      -       -      +
     92A  LEU*     1.3    60.7    +      -       -      +
     94A  THR*     4.3     4.0    -      -       -      -
     95A  THR*     2.7    35.7    +      -       +      +
    124A  ILE*     3.5    20.4    -      -       +      -
    190A  TYR*     3.6    30.7    -      +       -      -
    194A  TRP*     5.8     0.4    -      +       -      -
    213A  PHE*     3.9    18.6    -      +       -      -
    217A  ASP*     3.2    25.4    +      -       -      -
    260A  RET      3.4    67.9    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 92 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     88A  TYR      2.9    20.6    +      -       -      +
     89A  ALA*     3.5     8.7    -      -       -      +
     90A  ASP      3.1     0.4    +      -       -      -
     91A  TRP*     1.3    75.8    -      -       -      +
     93A  PHE*     1.3    84.2    +      -       +      +
     96A  PRO*     3.0    22.2    -      -       -      +
    120A  ASP*     4.8     0.3    -      -       -      +
    121A  ALA*     4.2    35.2    -      -       +      +
    124A  ILE*     3.8    14.1    -      -       +      +
    125A  VAL*     5.0     5.6    -      -       +      +
    309A  BNG      4.7    20.9    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with PHE 93 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     56A  ILE*     4.1    22.2    -      -       +      -
     89A  ALA*     3.1    25.8    +      -       +      +
     90A  ASP      3.0     3.7    +      -       -      +
     92A  LEU*     1.3    99.9    -      -       +      +
     94A  THR*     1.3    60.9    +      -       -      +
     96A  PRO*     3.5     9.2    -      -       -      +
     97A  LEU*     3.3    27.3    +      -       +      +
    309A  BNG      4.2    36.6    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with THR 94 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     53A  VAL*     3.5    29.9    +      -       +      +
     56A  ILE*     4.1    10.6    -      -       -      +
     90A  ASP*     2.8    28.9    +      -       -      -
     91A  TRP*     4.3     1.3    -      -       -      -
     93A  PHE*     1.3    76.6    -      -       -      +
     95A  THR*     1.3    67.1    +      -       -      +
     96A  PRO      3.2     2.0    -      -       -      -
     97A  LEU*     3.2    10.8    +      -       -      +
     98A  LEU*     3.1    23.0    +      -       +      +
    221A  LYS*     3.2    27.6    -      -       -      -
    260A  RET      3.4    13.0    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with THR 95 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     91A  TRP*     2.7    27.0    +      -       +      +
     94A  THR*     1.3    74.1    -      -       -      +
     96A  PRO*     1.4    61.2    -      -       -      +
     98A  LEU*     3.3     6.4    +      -       -      +
     99A  LEU*     2.9    32.3    +      -       -      +
    120A  ASP*     2.4    35.6    +      -       -      +
    123A  MET*     4.7     3.4    -      -       +      -
    124A  ILE*     4.0     4.3    -      -       -      +
    187A  TRP*     3.7    13.2    -      -       +      -
    260A  RET      3.7    48.9    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with PRO 96 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     92A  LEU      3.0    27.4    -      -       -      +
     93A  PHE*     3.5     8.1    -      -       -      +
     94A  THR      3.3     3.8    -      -       -      -
     95A  THR*     1.4    98.8    -      -       -      +
     97A  LEU*     1.3    57.2    +      -       +      +
     99A  LEU*     3.2    10.5    +      -       +      +
    100A  LEU*     2.9    28.1    +      -       -      +
    117A  ILE*     4.3    32.5    -      -       +      +
    120A  ASP*     3.4    13.9    -      -       +      +
    121A  ALA*     5.4     3.6    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 97 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     49A  ILE*     3.4    32.1    -      -       +      +
     52A  LEU*     3.9    38.1    -      -       +      +
     53A  VAL*     3.8    12.3    -      -       +      -
     56A  ILE*     4.0    15.3    -      -       +      -
     93A  PHE*     3.3    20.2    -      -       +      +
     94A  THR*     3.2     8.3    +      -       -      +
     96A  PRO*     1.3    76.6    -      -       +      +
     98A  LEU*     1.3    65.3    +      -       -      +
    100A  LEU*     3.1    23.6    +      -       +      +
    101A  ASP*     3.2     9.7    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 98 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     50A  THR*     5.9     2.0    -      -       +      -
     53A  VAL*     3.9    23.3    -      -       +      -
     94A  THR*     3.1    27.0    +      -       +      +
     95A  THR*     3.7     5.8    -      -       -      +
     97A  LEU*     1.3    76.9    -      -       -      +
     99A  LEU*     1.3    64.0    +      -       -      +
    101A  ASP*     3.1    22.0    +      -       -      +
    102A  LEU*     3.3    15.9    +      -       +      +
    183A  VAL*     6.3     0.2    -      -       +      -
    187A  TRP*     3.8    16.4    -      -       +      +
    220A  ALA      3.7    17.5    -      -       -      +
    221A  LYS*     4.8     2.9    -      -       -      +
    224A  PHE*     3.6    37.5    -      -       +      -
    260A  RET      3.7    29.8    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 99 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     95A  THR      2.9    13.6    +      -       -      +
     96A  PRO*     3.2     8.3    +      -       +      +
     98A  LEU*     1.3    76.9    -      -       -      +
    100A  LEU*     1.3    57.3    +      -       -      +
    102A  LEU*     3.3    20.6    +      -       +      +
    103A  ALA*     2.9    26.6    +      -       -      +
    116A  LEU*     3.8    39.7    -      -       +      +
    117A  ILE*     4.5     5.8    -      -       +      -
    120A  ASP*     3.4    44.0    -      -       +      +
    153A  VAL*     4.3    11.4    -      -       +      -
    157A  LEU*     4.8     6.1    -      -       +      -
    183A  VAL*     5.7     0.2    -      -       +      -
    187A  TRP*     3.4    30.1    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 100 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     49A  ILE*     3.7    28.7    -      -       +      -
     96A  PRO      2.9    12.1    +      -       -      +
     97A  LEU*     3.3    19.7    -      -       +      +
     98A  LEU      3.1     0.4    -      -       -      -
     99A  LEU*     1.3    75.8    -      -       -      +
    101A  ASP*     1.3    66.5    +      -       -      +
    103A  ALA*     4.1    11.7    -      -       +      -
    104A  LEU*     2.9    42.3    +      -       +      +
    113A  ILE*     4.5    19.5    -      -       +      -
    117A  ILE*     5.1     5.4    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASP 101 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     46A  TYR*     3.5    21.3    -      -       +      +
     49A  ILE*     3.5    24.7    -      -       -      +
     50A  THR*     3.1    24.7    +      -       -      +
     53A  VAL*     5.3     0.3    -      -       -      +
     97A  LEU      3.2     9.0    +      -       -      +
     98A  LEU*     3.1    16.9    +      -       -      +
    100A  LEU*     1.3    76.3    -      -       -      +
    102A  LEU*     1.3    63.7    +      -       +      +
    104A  LEU*     3.3     6.5    +      -       -      +
    105A  LEU*     3.0    27.5    +      -       -      +
    179A  LEU*     6.1     0.2    -      -       +      -
    224A  PHE*     4.4    12.7    -      -       +      -
    228A  LEU*     3.5    25.4    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 102 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     98A  LEU*     3.3    13.0    +      -       +      +
     99A  LEU*     3.3    16.6    +      -       +      +
    100A  LEU      3.1     0.6    -      -       -      -
    101A  ASP*     1.3    74.7    -      -       -      +
    103A  ALA*     1.3    65.3    +      -       -      +
    105A  LEU*     3.3    10.8    +      -       +      +
    106A  ALA*     3.0    19.6    +      -       -      +
    157A  LEU*     4.1    32.1    -      -       +      -
    161A  LEU*     3.8     7.9    -      -       +      -
    176A  PHE*     3.4    32.6    -      -       +      -
    179A  LEU*     4.0    26.2    -      -       +      -
    180A  THR*     4.4     7.6    -      -       -      +
    183A  VAL*     4.3    17.5    -      -       +      -
    224A  PHE*     4.1     9.0    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 103 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     99A  LEU      2.9    17.1    +      -       -      +
    100A  LEU*     3.6    11.0    -      -       +      +
    102A  LEU*     1.3    76.1    -      -       -      +
    104A  LEU*     1.3    58.2    +      -       -      +
    106A  ALA      3.4     0.2    +      -       -      -
    107A  LYS*     2.8    26.0    +      -       -      -
    108A  VAL*     3.4    13.7    +      -       +      +
    113A  ILE*     3.6    37.9    -      -       +      +
    116A  LEU*     5.2     3.6    -      -       +      -
    161A  LEU*     3.5    15.2    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 104 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     42A  GLU*     5.4     2.0    -      -       -      +
     45A  GLU*     4.0    26.9    -      -       +      +
     46A  TYR*     3.3    30.5    -      -       +      +
     49A  ILE*     3.6    30.3    -      -       +      -
    100A  LEU*     2.9    32.3    +      -       +      +
    101A  ASP      3.4     4.9    -      -       -      +
    103A  ALA*     1.3    77.4    -      -       +      +
    105A  LEU*     1.3    63.0    +      -       -      +
    107A  LYS*     2.8    37.4    +      -       -      +
    113A  ILE*     5.5     4.5    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 105 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     46A  TYR*     3.2    22.1    +      -       +      +
    101A  ASP      3.0    17.4    +      -       -      +
    102A  LEU*     3.6    14.8    -      -       +      +
    104A  LEU*     1.3    76.7    -      -       -      +
    106A  ALA*     1.3    58.8    +      -       -      +
    165A  ALA*     4.6     0.7    -      -       -      +
    168A  ARG*     2.9    31.3    +      -       -      +
    172A  VAL*     3.3    18.6    -      -       +      +
    175A  THR*     4.6     1.3    -      -       +      -
    176A  PHE*     4.0    25.1    -      -       +      +
    179A  LEU*     3.9    16.8    -      -       +      -
    228A  LEU*     3.9    23.1    -      -       +      -
    233A  ALA*     3.9    35.0    -      -       +      +
    234A  ILE*     4.9     0.2    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 106 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    102A  LEU      3.0    16.5    +      -       -      +
    103A  ALA      3.9     3.1    -      -       -      +
    105A  LEU*     1.3    74.9    -      -       -      +
    107A  LYS*     1.3    70.9    +      -       -      +
    108A  VAL      4.3     3.6    -      -       -      +
    161A  LEU*     3.2    39.0    -      -       +      +
    164A  ALA*     3.4    24.7    -      -       +      +
    165A  ALA*     3.8    10.2    -      -       +      -
    168A  ARG*     4.3     1.5    -      -       -      -
    176A  PHE*     3.7     8.9    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LYS 107 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     42A  GLU*     3.1    26.6    +      -       -      -
     46A  TYR*     4.1     2.2    +      -       -      -
    103A  ALA      2.8     9.8    +      -       -      -
    104A  LEU*     2.8    32.6    +      -       -      +
    106A  ALA*     1.3    81.1    -      -       -      +
    108A  VAL*     1.3    67.3    +      -       -      +
    164A  ALA*     4.9     2.2    -      -       -      +
    168A  ARG*     3.4    39.5    -      -       +      +
    237A  GLU*     5.6     7.0    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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A short description of the analytical approach
The contact analysis used in this page is based upon the approach developed in: Sobolev V., Wade R.C., Vriend G. and Edelman M. PROTEINS (1996) 25, 120-129. Contact legitimacy depends on the hydrophobic-hydrophilic properties of the contacting atoms. In order to define it, for each inter-atomic contact, eight atom classes have been introduced:


   I  Hydrophilic      - N and O that can donate and accept hydrogen bonds
                         (e.g., oxygen of hydroxyl group of Ser. or Thr)
  II  Acceptor         - N or O that can only accept a hydrogen bond
 III  Donor            - N that can only donate a hydrogen bond
  IV  Hydrophobic      - Cl, Br, I and all C atoms that are not in
                         aromatic rings and do not have a covalent bond to
                         a N or O atom
   V  Aromatic         - C in aromatic rings irrespective of any other 
                         bonds formed by the atom
  VI  Neutral          - C atoms that have a covalent bond to at least one
                         atom of class I or two or more atoms from class II
                         or III; atoms; S, F, P, and metal atoms in all cases
 VII  Neutral-donor    - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only one
                         atom of class III
VIII  Neutral-acceptor - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only 
                         one atom of class II
For each pair of contacts the state of legitimacy is shown below:

Legend:
+, legitimate
-, illegitimate
------------------------------------------------------------
  Atomic class           I  II  III   IV   V   VI  VII  VIII
------------------------------------------------------------
   I  (Hydrophilic)      +   +    +    -   +   +    +    +
  II  (Acceptor)         +   -    +    -   +   +    +    -
 III  (Donor)            +   +    -    -   +   +    -    +
  IV  (Hydrophobic)      -   -    -    +   +   +    +    +
   V  (Aromatic)         +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
  VI  (Neutral)          +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
 VII  (Neutral-donor)    +   +    -    +   +   +    -    +
VIII  (Neutral-acceptor) +   -    +    +   +   +    +    -
------------------------------------------------------------
Warning!
Atom classes for heterogroups are automatically assigned based on the atomic coordinates. However, in three cases (see below) the automatic assignment is currently ambiguous. In these cases, the user is advised to manually analyse the full list of contacts using LPC software.
1. Carbon atoms belonging to a 4-, 5- or 6-member ring are 
   considered "aromatic" (Class V) if the ring is approximately
   planar, and "hydrophobic" (Class IV) or "neutral" (Classes
   VI, VII, VIII) if the ring is non-planar.
2. The oxygen atom of a carbonyl or hydroxy group is considered
   "hydroxy" (Class I) if the CO bond is longer than 1.29 Å, and
   "carbonyl" (Class II) if shorter.
3. All nitrogen atoms are considered "hydrophilic" (Class I).

Please E-mail any questions and/or suggestions concerning this page to Vladimir.Sobolev@weizmann.ac.il