Contacts of the helix formed by residues 262 - 285 (chain A) in PDB entry 1X9H


Residue contacts within the protein are derived with the CSU software (Sobolev V., Sorokine A., Prilusky J., Abola E.E. and Edelman M. (1999) Automated analysis of interatomic contacts in proteins. Bioinformatics, 15, 327-332). A short description of the analytical approach is given at the end of the page.
For CSU analysis of other PDB entry

Note:
Non-standard 3 letter residue codes indicate a heterogroup. To identify and analyse, use LPC software

Legend:
Dist - nearest distance (Å) between atoms of two residues
Surf - contact surface area (Å2) between two residues
HB   - hydrophilic-hydrophilic contact (hydrogen bond)
Arom - aromatic-aromatic contact
Phob - hydrophobic-hydrophobic contact
DC   - hydrophobic-hydrophilic contact (destabilizing contact)
+/-  - indicates presence/absence of a specific contacts
*    - indicates residues forming contacts  by their side chain
       (including CA atoms)
Residues in contact with HIS 262 (chain A).
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     58A  PHE*     3.7     4.9    -      -       -      -
     62A  TRP*     4.3    10.5    -      +       +      +
    158A  LYS*     4.1    20.9    -      -       +      -
    236A  HIS*     4.3    17.1    -      +       -      -
    260A  GLU*     3.1    33.1    +      -       +      +
    261A  MET*     1.3    78.6    -      -       -      +
    263A  PRO*     1.3    79.0    -      -       +      +
    264A  LYS*     3.6    19.3    +      -       +      +
    265A  GLY*     3.0    36.3    +      -       -      -
    266A  VAL*     2.8    21.7    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with PRO 263 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     58A  PHE*     3.8    24.7    -      -       +      -
     62A  TRP*     5.7     0.4    -      -       -      +
    142A  LEU*     5.1     2.9    -      -       +      -
    146A  LEU*     3.8    22.0    -      -       +      -
    157A  VAL      3.4    16.2    -      -       -      +
    158A  LYS*     3.3    31.0    -      -       +      +
    160A  PRO*     3.9    15.0    -      -       +      -
    262A  HIS*     1.3    87.2    -      -       +      +
    264A  LYS*     1.3    56.1    +      -       -      +
    266A  VAL*     4.5     0.7    -      -       +      -
    267A  LEU*     2.9    41.9    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LYS 264 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    158A  LYS      4.8     0.8    +      -       -      -
    160A  PRO*     3.7    20.6    -      -       +      +
    161A  GLU*     2.9    34.4    +      -       -      +
    162A  GLY      3.4    24.2    -      -       -      +
    163A  LEU*     3.9    14.1    -      -       -      +
    164A  GLU*     3.4    30.9    +      -       +      +
    262A  HIS*     3.3    17.1    +      -       +      +
    263A  PRO*     1.3    77.7    -      -       -      +
    265A  GLY*     1.3    55.2    +      -       -      +
    268A  SER*     2.7    42.9    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLY 265 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    164A  GLU*     5.9     1.6    -      -       -      -
    259A  VAL*     4.2     1.7    -      -       -      +
    260A  GLU*     3.3    28.6    +      -       -      -
    262A  HIS*     3.0    20.8    +      -       -      -
    264A  LYS*     1.3    76.9    -      -       -      +
    266A  VAL*     1.3    57.8    +      -       -      +
    268A  SER*     3.5     5.1    +      -       -      -
    269A  PHE*     3.0    30.5    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 266 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     54A  LEU*     4.1    22.9    -      -       +      -
     58A  PHE*     3.8    21.8    -      -       +      -
    142A  LEU*     5.1     3.8    -      -       +      -
    193A  VAL*     4.5     4.9    -      -       +      -
    259A  VAL*     4.4     8.1    -      -       +      -
    260A  GLU      3.7     4.3    -      -       -      +
    261A  MET*     3.7    31.4    -      -       +      -
    262A  HIS      2.8    18.4    +      -       -      +
    263A  PRO      3.9     2.2    -      -       -      +
    265A  GLY*     1.3    73.7    -      -       -      +
    267A  LEU*     1.3    61.2    +      -       +      +
    269A  PHE*     3.4     1.1    +      -       -      +
    270A  LEU*     2.9    56.1    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 267 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     11A  TRP*     3.5    14.3    -      -       +      -
     15A  ILE*     4.7     2.2    -      -       +      -
    138A  LEU*     3.8    34.8    -      -       +      -
    139A  PRO*     4.1    27.1    -      -       +      -
    142A  LEU*     4.0    21.8    -      -       +      -
    143A  THR*     4.6     9.0    -      -       +      -
    160A  PRO*     4.1    20.6    -      -       +      -
    163A  LEU*     3.7    22.7    -      -       +      -
    263A  PRO*     2.9    25.1    +      -       +      +
    266A  VAL*     1.3    73.4    -      -       +      +
    268A  SER*     1.3    56.0    +      -       -      +
    270A  LEU*     4.7     0.7    -      -       -      -
    271A  ARG*     2.9    30.8    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with SER 268 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    163A  LEU*     3.7     6.6    -      -       -      +
    164A  GLU*     3.0    46.8    +      -       -      +
    264A  LYS*     2.7    23.3    +      -       -      +
    265A  GLY*     3.7     5.4    -      -       -      -
    267A  LEU*     1.3    73.9    -      -       -      +
    269A  PHE*     1.3    65.3    +      -       -      +
    271A  ARG*     3.3    22.9    +      -       -      +
    272A  ASP*     3.1    22.6    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with PHE 269 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    170A  LEU*     4.0    26.9    -      -       +      -
    174A  LEU*     5.0     6.1    -      -       +      -
    193A  VAL*     3.9    22.9    -      -       +      -
    197A  VAL*     4.0     9.9    -      -       +      -
    232A  LEU*     4.0    21.1    -      -       +      -
    257A  TYR*     4.5    14.6    -      +       +      -
    258A  ALA      5.0     5.2    -      -       -      -
    259A  VAL*     3.8    31.6    -      -       +      -
    265A  GLY      3.0    17.9    +      -       -      +
    266A  VAL      3.8     2.2    -      -       -      +
    268A  SER*     1.3    76.9    -      -       -      +
    270A  LEU*     1.3    68.8    +      -       +      +
    272A  ASP*     3.2    10.5    +      -       -      +
    273A  VAL*     3.0    46.3    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 270 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     11A  TRP*     4.0    15.7    -      -       +      -
     54A  LEU*     4.0    12.1    -      -       +      -
    138A  LEU*     3.8    22.9    -      -       +      -
    193A  VAL*     4.2    12.8    -      -       +      -
    196A  ARG*     3.7    34.7    +      -       +      +
    197A  VAL*     4.3    11.2    -      -       +      +
    200A  GLU*     4.7     3.7    -      -       +      +
    266A  VAL*     2.9    44.2    +      -       +      +
    267A  LEU      4.2     2.2    -      -       -      +
    269A  PHE*     1.3    86.0    -      -       +      +
    271A  ARG*     1.3    60.0    +      -       -      +
    273A  VAL*     3.6     8.2    -      -       +      +
    274A  GLY*     2.8    25.3    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG 271 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
      8A  TYR*     3.2    33.8    -      -       +      +
      9A  LEU*     4.9     1.1    -      -       -      +
     11A  TRP*     3.6    23.3    -      -       +      -
     12A  GLU*     4.2     9.9    +      -       -      -
    163A  LEU*     4.0    18.6    -      -       +      +
    164A  GLU*     2.8    32.0    +      -       -      +
    165A  PRO      3.5     8.7    +      -       -      -
    166A  PRO*     3.7    19.8    -      -       -      +
    267A  LEU      2.9    19.4    +      -       -      +
    268A  SER*     3.3    24.5    +      -       -      +
    269A  PHE      3.2     0.2    -      -       -      -
    270A  LEU*     1.3    75.9    -      -       -      +
    272A  ASP*     1.3    78.3    +      -       -      +
    274A  GLY*     3.2     2.6    +      -       -      -
    275A  ILE*     3.0    50.5    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASP 272 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    165A  PRO      4.8     0.3    -      -       -      +
    166A  PRO*     3.2    14.9    -      -       -      +
    167A  ASN*     3.0    41.6    +      -       -      +
    170A  LEU*     3.7    21.3    -      -       +      +
    171A  ILE*     3.7    22.4    -      -       +      +
    174A  LEU*     4.7     2.0    -      -       +      -
    268A  SER*     3.1    14.0    +      -       -      +
    269A  PHE*     3.2     9.0    +      -       -      +
    271A  ARG*     1.3    85.0    +      -       -      +
    273A  VAL*     1.3    56.6    +      -       -      +
    275A  ILE*     3.3     0.9    +      -       -      -
    276A  ALA*     2.9    29.7    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 273 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    174A  LEU*     3.9    19.5    -      -       +      -
    197A  VAL*     4.1    32.3    -      -       +      -
    200A  GLU*     4.1    17.5    -      -       +      -
    201A  PHE*     4.1    14.0    -      -       +      -
    269A  PHE*     3.0    47.1    +      -       +      +
    270A  LEU*     3.6    11.9    -      -       +      +
    271A  ARG      3.3     0.2    -      -       -      -
    272A  ASP*     1.3    72.1    -      -       -      +
    274A  GLY*     1.3    66.4    -      -       -      +
    276A  ALA*     3.3     2.6    +      -       -      +
    277A  SER*     2.9    23.4    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLY 274 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
      8A  TYR*     3.6    19.7    -      -       -      -
    200A  GLU*     3.5    23.1    +      -       -      -
    270A  LEU      2.8    12.3    +      -       -      -
    271A  ARG      3.2     4.4    +      -       -      -
    273A  VAL*     1.3    76.5    -      -       -      +
    275A  ILE*     1.3    61.4    +      -       -      +
    277A  SER*     2.8    19.5    +      -       -      -
    278A  VAL*     3.1    13.5    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 275 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
      5A  LEU*     3.9    20.2    -      -       +      -
      8A  TYR*     3.9    16.8    -      -       +      -
      9A  LEU*     4.0    22.0    -      -       +      -
    166A  PRO*     4.2    14.4    -      -       +      -
    171A  ILE*     4.0    19.5    -      -       +      -
    271A  ARG*     3.0    42.5    +      -       -      +
    272A  ASP      3.8     4.0    -      -       -      +
    274A  GLY*     1.3    76.1    -      -       -      +
    276A  ALA*     1.3    58.3    +      -       -      +
    278A  VAL*     3.2     6.9    +      -       -      +
    279A  LYS*     2.9    45.5    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 276 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    171A  ILE*     3.8    26.6    -      -       +      +
    174A  LEU*     3.8    21.8    -      -       +      -
    175A  VAL*     3.5    16.9    -      -       +      +
    201A  PHE*     4.2     7.7    -      -       +      -
    272A  ASP      2.9    17.6    +      -       -      +
    273A  VAL      3.6     4.7    -      -       -      +
    275A  ILE*     1.3    76.8    -      -       -      +
    277A  SER*     1.3    57.8    +      -       -      +
    279A  LYS*     3.3     0.6    +      -       -      -
    280A  LEU*     2.9    27.4    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with SER 277 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    200A  GLU*     3.6    28.2    +      -       -      +
    201A  PHE*     3.6    23.7    -      -       -      -
    204A  ASN*     2.9    24.8    +      -       -      -
    205A  ALA*     3.6    10.7    +      -       -      +
    273A  VAL      2.9    14.9    +      -       -      -
    274A  GLY*     2.8    19.4    +      -       -      -
    276A  ALA*     1.3    76.5    -      -       -      +
    278A  VAL*     1.3    55.3    +      -       -      +
    280A  LEU      3.5     0.6    +      -       -      +
    281A  ALA*     3.1    24.1    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 278 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
      2A  SER*     4.4     5.8    -      -       -      +
      4A  LEU*     4.0    17.9    -      -       +      -
      5A  LEU*     3.9    24.5    -      -       +      -
      8A  TYR*     3.8    22.4    -      -       +      -
    204A  ASN*     4.0    10.1    -      -       -      +
    274A  GLY      3.1    14.0    +      -       -      +
    275A  ILE*     3.2     9.6    +      -       -      +
    277A  SER*     1.3    74.4    -      -       -      +
    279A  LYS*     1.3    64.1    +      -       -      +
    281A  ALA*     3.2     8.8    +      -       -      +
    282A  GLU*     3.1    35.0    +      -       -      +
    288A  PRO*     4.2    16.2    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LYS 279 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
      5A  LEU*     3.6    25.5    -      -       +      +
    171A  ILE*     4.7     7.2    -      -       +      -
    172A  HIS*     6.0     7.4    -      -       +      -
    175A  VAL*     4.0    13.0    -      -       +      -
    275A  ILE*     2.9    39.1    +      -       +      +
    276A  ALA*     3.7     5.2    -      -       -      +
    278A  VAL*     1.3    75.7    -      -       -      +
    280A  LEU*     1.3    61.7    +      -       -      +
    282A  GLU*     3.2    25.8    +      -       -      +
    283A  ILE*     3.1    30.1    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 280 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    175A  VAL*     4.2    15.6    -      -       +      +
    178A  PHE*     4.1    15.0    -      -       +      -
    179A  GLN*     3.6    39.7    -      -       +      +
    201A  PHE*     3.9    26.7    -      -       +      -
    205A  ALA*     4.1     7.4    -      -       +      -
    207A  ILE*     4.0    18.6    -      -       +      -
    276A  ALA      2.9    16.4    +      -       -      +
    277A  SER      3.8     4.7    -      -       -      +
    279A  LYS*     1.3    74.1    -      -       -      +
    281A  ALA*     1.3    63.7    +      -       -      +
    283A  ILE*     3.2    12.9    +      -       +      -
    284A  ARG*     2.9    39.5    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 281 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    204A  ASN      3.3    25.4    -      -       -      +
    205A  ALA*     4.1     4.6    -      -       -      +
    277A  SER      3.1    11.9    +      -       -      +
    278A  VAL      3.2    10.1    +      -       -      +
    280A  LEU*     1.3    75.1    -      -       -      +
    282A  GLU*     1.3    57.8    +      -       -      +
    284A  ARG*     3.2     2.8    +      -       -      -
    285A  GLY      2.9    24.4    +      -       -      -
    286A  VAL*     3.0    35.6    +      -       +      +
    288A  PRO*     3.8    13.0    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 282 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
      2A  SER*     4.9     6.8    -      -       -      -
      5A  LEU*     4.3    10.7    -      -       -      +
    278A  VAL*     3.1    27.4    +      -       +      +
    279A  LYS*     3.4    29.6    +      -       -      +
    280A  LEU      3.2     0.2    -      -       -      -
    281A  ALA*     1.3    77.4    -      -       +      +
    283A  ILE*     1.3    64.2    +      -       +      +
    285A  GLY*     3.1    13.7    +      -       -      -
    286A  VAL      4.7     2.7    -      -       -      +
    288A  PRO*     5.5     6.8    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 283 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    175A  VAL*     3.4    32.8    -      -       +      -
    179A  GLN*     3.8    21.8    -      -       -      +
    279A  LYS*     3.1    15.9    +      -       +      +
    280A  LEU*     3.5    11.4    -      -       +      +
    282A  GLU*     1.3    77.5    -      -       +      +
    284A  ARG*     1.3    60.1    +      -       +      +
    285A  GLY      3.4     0.7    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG 284 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    179A  GLN*     4.7     2.9    -      -       -      +
    181A  ARG*     3.7     5.1    -      -       -      +
    205A  ALA      2.9    34.5    +      -       -      -
    206A  LYS*     3.4    21.4    +      -       -      +
    207A  ILE*     3.6    20.6    -      -       -      +
    280A  LEU*     2.9    40.6    +      -       +      +
    281A  ALA      3.2     5.1    +      -       -      +
    283A  ILE*     1.3    74.4    -      -       +      +
    285A  GLY*     1.3    60.5    +      -       -      +
    286A  VAL*     3.7    19.1    +      -       +      +
    504A  SO4      2.9    49.7    +      -       -      +
    226B  GLU*     4.5     3.6    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLY 285 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    281A  ALA      2.9     4.5    +      -       -      -
    282A  GLU*     3.1    12.8    +      -       -      -
    283A  ILE      3.2     1.0    +      -       -      -
    284A  ARG*     1.3    79.3    -      -       -      +
    286A  VAL*     1.3    62.8    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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A short description of the analytical approach
The contact analysis used in this page is based upon the approach developed in: Sobolev V., Wade R.C., Vriend G. and Edelman M. PROTEINS (1996) 25, 120-129. Contact legitimacy depends on the hydrophobic-hydrophilic properties of the contacting atoms. In order to define it, for each inter-atomic contact, eight atom classes have been introduced:


   I  Hydrophilic      - N and O that can donate and accept hydrogen bonds
                         (e.g., oxygen of hydroxyl group of Ser. or Thr)
  II  Acceptor         - N or O that can only accept a hydrogen bond
 III  Donor            - N that can only donate a hydrogen bond
  IV  Hydrophobic      - Cl, Br, I and all C atoms that are not in
                         aromatic rings and do not have a covalent bond to
                         a N or O atom
   V  Aromatic         - C in aromatic rings irrespective of any other 
                         bonds formed by the atom
  VI  Neutral          - C atoms that have a covalent bond to at least one
                         atom of class I or two or more atoms from class II
                         or III; atoms; S, F, P, and metal atoms in all cases
 VII  Neutral-donor    - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only one
                         atom of class III
VIII  Neutral-acceptor - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only 
                         one atom of class II
For each pair of contacts the state of legitimacy is shown below:

Legend:
+, legitimate
-, illegitimate
------------------------------------------------------------
  Atomic class           I  II  III   IV   V   VI  VII  VIII
------------------------------------------------------------
   I  (Hydrophilic)      +   +    +    -   +   +    +    +
  II  (Acceptor)         +   -    +    -   +   +    +    -
 III  (Donor)            +   +    -    -   +   +    -    +
  IV  (Hydrophobic)      -   -    -    +   +   +    +    +
   V  (Aromatic)         +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
  VI  (Neutral)          +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
 VII  (Neutral-donor)    +   +    -    +   +   +    -    +
VIII  (Neutral-acceptor) +   -    +    +   +   +    +    -
------------------------------------------------------------
Warning!
Atom classes for heterogroups are automatically assigned based on the atomic coordinates. However, in three cases (see below) the automatic assignment is currently ambiguous. In these cases, the user is advised to manually analyse the full list of contacts using LPC software.
1. Carbon atoms belonging to a 4-, 5- or 6-member ring are 
   considered "aromatic" (Class V) if the ring is approximately
   planar, and "hydrophobic" (Class IV) or "neutral" (Classes
   VI, VII, VIII) if the ring is non-planar.
2. The oxygen atom of a carbonyl or hydroxy group is considered
   "hydroxy" (Class I) if the CO bond is longer than 1.29 Å, and
   "carbonyl" (Class II) if shorter.
3. All nitrogen atoms are considered "hydrophilic" (Class I).

Please E-mail any questions and/or suggestions concerning this page to Vladimir.Sobolev@weizmann.ac.il