Contacts of the helix formed by residues 78 - 99 (chain D) in PDB entry 1ZXN


Residue contacts within the protein are derived with the CSU software (Sobolev V., Sorokine A., Prilusky J., Abola E.E. and Edelman M. (1999) Automated analysis of interatomic contacts in proteins. Bioinformatics, 15, 327-332). A short description of the analytical approach is given at the end of the page.
For CSU analysis of other PDB entry

Note:
Non-standard 3 letter residue codes indicate a heterogroup. To identify and analyse, use LPC software

Legend:
Dist - nearest distance (Å) between atoms of two residues
Surf - contact surface area (Å2) between two residues
HB   - hydrophilic-hydrophilic contact (hydrogen bond)
Arom - aromatic-aromatic contact
Phob - hydrophobic-hydrophobic contact
DC   - hydrophobic-hydrophilic contact (destabilizing contact)
+/-  - indicates presence/absence of a specific contacts
*    - indicates residues forming contacts  by their side chain
       (including CA atoms)
Residues in contact with VAL 78 (chain D).
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     53D  SER      3.5     2.2    -      -       -      +
     54D  VAL*     3.4    35.4    -      -       -      +
     55D  GLU      3.8    12.3    -      -       -      +
     56D  LEU*     3.9     9.6    -      -       +      +
     77D  PHE*     1.3    85.0    -      -       -      +
     79D  PRO*     1.3    66.1    -      -       -      +
     80D  GLY      3.7     4.3    -      -       -      +
     81D  LEU*     3.0    22.8    +      -       +      +
     82D  TYR      3.2     9.0    +      -       -      -
    226D  PHE*     3.6    38.8    -      -       +      +
    228D  MET*     3.8    17.8    -      -       +      +
    235D  ILE*     5.3     0.3    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with PRO 79 (chain D). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     51D  ILE      4.2     3.1    -      -       -      +
     52D  GLY      4.8     0.7    -      -       -      -
     53D  SER*     3.4    30.7    -      -       -      +
     55D  GLU      3.2    17.7    -      -       -      +
     57D  VAL*     3.7    23.1    -      -       +      -
     59D  GLN*     5.8     0.7    -      -       -      +
     77D  PHE*     3.6    21.7    -      -       +      +
     78D  VAL*     1.3    81.9    -      -       -      +
     80D  GLY*     1.3    61.4    +      -       -      +
     82D  TYR*     3.3     8.5    +      -       +      +
     83D  LYS*     3.0    21.5    +      -       -      +
    377D  THR*     5.2    13.2    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLY 80 (chain D). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     51D  ILE*     3.3    32.7    +      -       -      +
     53D  SER      2.8    19.0    +      -       -      -
     78D  VAL*     3.1     3.1    -      -       -      +
     79D  PRO*     1.3    71.5    -      -       -      +
     81D  LEU*     1.3    64.8    +      -       -      +
     83D  LYS*     3.0    11.9    +      -       -      +
     84D  ILE*     3.1    18.4    +      -       -      +
    226D  PHE*     3.9     7.4    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 81 (chain D). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     78D  VAL*     3.0    14.9    +      -       +      +
     80D  GLY*     1.3    74.6    -      -       -      +
     82D  TYR*     1.3    63.4    +      -       -      +
     84D  ILE*     3.2    26.5    -      -       +      +
     85D  PHE*     3.4     9.4    +      -       +      +
    221D  PRO*     4.0    20.6    -      -       +      -
    223D  LEU*     4.4     8.3    -      -       +      -
    226D  PHE*     3.6    40.9    -      -       +      -
    228D  MET*     3.4    31.0    -      -       +      -
    231D  LEU*     5.6     5.4    -      -       +      -
    235D  ILE*     3.8    29.8    -      -       +      +
    239D  MET*     5.8     3.8    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with TYR 82 (chain D). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     77D  PHE*     4.1    21.3    -      +       +      -
     78D  VAL      3.2     7.6    +      -       -      +
     79D  PRO*     3.4    11.4    -      -       +      +
     80D  GLY      3.1     0.4    -      -       -      -
     81D  LEU*     1.3    80.4    -      -       -      +
     83D  LYS*     1.3    60.3    +      -       +      +
     85D  PHE*     3.4    11.7    +      +       -      +
     86D  ASP*     2.9    45.6    +      -       +      +
    235D  ILE*     4.4    12.3    -      -       +      +
    238D  LEU*     3.2    40.6    -      -       +      +
    239D  MET*     5.3     1.6    -      -       +      -
    241D  ARG*     4.9     1.4    +      -       -      -
    242D  ARG*     3.1    37.3    +      -       +      -
    318D  ALA*     4.1    10.7    +      -       -      +
    377D  THR*     5.4     8.3    -      -       -      -
    379D  GLU*     6.6     0.2    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LYS 83 (chain D). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     50D  TYR      3.4    20.9    -      -       -      -
     51D  ILE*     3.4    33.4    -      -       +      +
     79D  PRO      3.0    13.3    +      -       -      +
     80D  GLY*     3.0    10.4    +      -       -      +
     82D  TYR*     1.3    79.3    -      -       +      +
     84D  ILE*     1.3    60.8    +      -       -      +
     86D  ASP*     3.0     8.4    +      -       +      +
     87D  GLU*     2.7    63.1    +      -       +      +
    169D  LEU*     4.3     6.5    -      -       -      -
    377D  THR*     5.0    19.1    -      -       -      +
    378D  LYS*     4.0    24.0    -      -       -      +
    908D  SO4      4.5     3.5    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 84 (chain D). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     51D  ILE*     4.3    16.6    -      -       +      -
     80D  GLY      3.1     8.7    +      -       -      +
     81D  LEU*     3.2    22.0    -      -       +      +
     83D  LYS*     1.3    76.7    -      -       -      +
     85D  PHE*     1.3    68.2    +      -       -      +
     87D  GLU*     3.5    11.9    +      -       +      +
     88D  ILE*     3.6    18.0    +      -       -      +
    169D  LEU*     4.0    10.3    -      -       +      +
    170D  CYS*     3.7    37.8    -      -       +      +
    173D  PHE*     4.0    20.0    -      -       +      +
    174D  SER*     5.0     1.3    -      -       -      +
    219D  PHE*     5.1     2.5    -      -       +      -
    221D  PRO*     4.7     7.9    -      -       +      -
    226D  PHE*     3.5    32.8    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with PHE 85 (chain D). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     81D  LEU*     3.7     9.6    -      -       +      +
     82D  TYR*     3.4    13.9    +      +       -      +
     83D  LYS      3.1     0.4    -      -       -      -
     84D  ILE*     1.3    86.4    -      -       +      +
     86D  ASP*     1.3    69.1    +      -       +      +
     88D  ILE*     3.2    12.1    +      -       -      +
     89D  LEU*     3.3    40.4    +      -       +      +
    107D  VAL*     4.6    12.6    -      -       +      -
    109D  ILE*     4.5     6.3    -      -       +      -
    116D  ILE*     3.9    31.4    -      -       +      -
    118D  ILE*     4.5     8.3    -      -       +      +
    219D  PHE*     4.2    12.1    -      +       +      -
    239D  MET*     3.4    65.7    -      -       +      -
    242D  ARG*     4.1     7.6    -      -       +      -
    243D  ALA*     6.3     0.4    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASP 86 (chain D). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     82D  TYR*     2.9    38.6    +      -       +      +
     83D  LYS*     3.4     9.4    -      -       +      +
     85D  PHE*     1.3    84.0    -      -       -      +
     87D  GLU*     1.3    60.1    +      -       +      +
     89D  LEU*     3.2     5.1    +      -       -      +
     90D  VAL*     2.8    45.0    +      -       -      +
    242D  ARG*     2.9    38.9    +      -       -      -
    317D  ILE*     4.8    10.4    -      -       -      +
    318D  ALA      5.3     0.6    +      -       -      -
    378D  LYS*     6.1     0.3    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 87 (chain D). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     83D  LYS*     2.7    68.0    +      -       +      +
     84D  ILE*     3.7     9.6    -      -       -      +
     85D  PHE      3.2     0.4    -      -       -      -
     86D  ASP*     1.3    75.5    -      -       -      +
     88D  ILE*     1.3    58.1    +      -       +      +
     90D  VAL*     3.9     8.0    -      -       -      +
     91D  ASN*     3.0    33.8    +      -       -      +
    160D  GLY      5.7     0.7    -      -       -      +
    166D  GLY*     3.7    35.0    -      -       -      +
    169D  LEU*     5.7     2.2    -      -       +      -
    378D  LYS*     3.7     6.5    +      -       -      -
    906D   MG      4.1     7.3    -      -       -      -
    908D  SO4      3.2    21.4    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 88 (chain D). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     84D  ILE      3.6    14.1    -      -       -      +
     85D  PHE      3.2     5.9    +      -       -      +
     87D  GLU*     1.3    74.1    -      -       +      +
     89D  LEU*     1.3    68.1    +      -       -      +
     91D  ASN*     2.9    22.5    +      -       +      +
     92D  ALA*     3.0    12.6    +      -       -      +
    118D  ILE*     3.7    29.4    -      -       +      +
    142D  PHE*     5.0     2.5    -      -       +      -
    167D  ALA*     4.1    20.9    -      -       +      -
    170D  CYS*     3.9    29.4    -      -       +      -
    177D  PHE*     4.2    12.6    -      -       +      -
    217D  ILE*     4.0    23.8    -      -       +      -
    219D  PHE*     3.9    10.5    -      -       +      -
    907D  ADP      5.6     0.2    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 89 (chain D). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     85D  PHE*     3.3    28.4    +      -       +      +
     86D  ASP*     3.2     9.8    +      -       -      +
     88D  ILE*     1.3    78.3    -      -       -      +
     90D  VAL*     1.3    63.4    +      -       -      +
     92D  ALA*     3.1    12.8    +      -       -      +
     93D  ALA*     3.2    13.0    +      -       -      +
    105D  ILE*     4.3    15.0    -      -       +      -
    107D  VAL*     3.8    25.8    -      -       +      -
    118D  ILE*     4.4    12.9    -      -       +      +
    242D  ARG*     3.8    33.0    -      -       +      +
    243D  ALA*     4.3     3.8    -      -       -      +
    246D  ILE*     3.5    36.9    -      -       +      +
    255D  VAL*     6.4     0.4    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 90 (chain D). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     86D  ASP*     2.8    46.4    +      -       -      +
     87D  GLU*     3.9     9.9    -      -       -      +
     89D  LEU*     1.3    68.8    -      -       -      +
     91D  ASN*     1.3    54.5    +      -       -      +
     93D  ALA*     3.2     7.8    +      -       +      +
     94D  ASP*     2.6    55.3    +      -       -      +
    160D  GLY*     4.0    22.4    -      -       -      +
    242D  ARG*     4.1    11.0    -      -       -      +
    246D  ILE*     5.4     1.3    -      -       -      -
    315D  ASN      4.2     5.6    -      -       -      +
    316D  SER      4.3     3.8    -      -       -      +
    317D  ILE*     4.1    21.1    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASN 91 (chain D). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     87D  GLU      3.0    27.0    +      -       -      -
     88D  ILE*     2.9    18.7    +      -       +      +
     90D  VAL*     1.3    75.6    -      -       -      +
     92D  ALA*     1.3    62.9    +      -       -      +
     94D  ASP*     3.0    22.7    -      -       -      +
     95D  ASN      3.4     3.8    +      -       -      -
    142D  PHE*     5.1     0.8    -      -       -      -
    167D  ALA*     4.0    17.6    -      -       -      +
    906D   MG      2.5    21.7    -      -       -      -
    907D  ADP      2.7    66.3    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 92 (chain D). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     88D  ILE      3.0    10.3    +      -       -      +
     89D  LEU      3.3     9.4    -      -       -      +
     90D  VAL      3.1     0.2    -      -       -      -
     91D  ASN*     1.3    74.0    -      -       -      +
     93D  ALA*     1.3    68.9    +      -       -      +
     95D  ASN*     2.9    21.8    +      -       -      +
    102D  MET*     3.5    10.9    -      -       -      +
    105D  ILE*     3.6    24.5    -      -       +      -
    118D  ILE*     3.9    20.4    -      -       +      -
    120D  ASN*     4.1     9.0    -      -       +      +
    246D  ILE*     6.2     0.2    -      -       +      -
    907D  ADP      4.0    10.7    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 93 (chain D). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     89D  LEU      3.2     6.8    +      -       -      +
     90D  VAL*     3.7     7.4    -      -       -      +
     92D  ALA*     1.3    78.0    -      -       -      +
     94D  ASP*     1.3    64.1    +      -       -      +
     96D  LYS*     2.8    24.4    +      -       -      +
     97D  GLN*     4.1     2.4    +      -       -      +
    102D  MET*     4.3     9.0    -      -       -      -
    105D  ILE*     4.5     0.8    -      -       -      +
    246D  ILE*     4.0    11.1    -      -       +      +
    250D  THR*     3.9    15.7    -      -       +      -
    315D  ASN      5.3     0.2    -      -       -      +
    316D  SER*     3.7    34.3    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASP 94 (chain D). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     90D  VAL*     2.6    43.9    +      -       -      +
     91D  ASN*     3.0    19.5    -      -       -      +
     93D  ALA*     1.3    76.0    -      -       -      +
     95D  ASN*     1.3    60.9    +      -       -      +
     97D  GLN*     2.9    26.6    +      -       -      +
     98D  ARG*     3.5     3.5    +      -       -      +
    150D  ASN*     4.5     3.1    +      -       -      -
    159D  THR*     3.7    15.3    -      -       +      +
    160D  GLY      3.3    14.5    +      -       -      +
    161D  GLY*     3.3    23.9    +      -       -      -
    315D  ASN      4.8     1.6    -      -       -      +
    907D  ADP      4.1     8.2    +      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASN 95 (chain D). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     91D  ASN      3.4     1.4    +      -       -      -
     92D  ALA      2.9    13.6    +      -       -      +
     94D  ASP*     1.3    78.5    -      -       -      +
     96D  LYS*     1.3    56.5    +      -       -      +
     98D  ARG*     2.6    48.0    +      -       -      +
     99D  ASP*     2.7    15.4    +      -       -      +
    102D  MET*     3.6    10.5    -      -       -      +
    120D  ASN*     3.5    18.7    -      -       -      +
    121D  ASN      3.6    10.7    +      -       -      -
    122D  GLY*     3.9     7.9    -      -       -      -
    123D  LYS      3.4    19.8    +      -       -      +
    907D  ADP      3.3    30.7    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LYS 96 (chain D). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     93D  ALA*     2.8    19.6    +      -       -      +
     95D  ASN*     1.3    77.4    -      -       -      +
     97D  GLN*     1.3    69.1    +      -       -      +
     99D  ASP      3.6    20.1    -      -       -      +
    100D  PRO*     3.6    10.3    -      -       -      +
    102D  MET*     3.8    20.3    -      -       +      -
    250D  THR*     5.2     8.7    -      -       +      -
    251D  LYS      5.8     2.9    -      -       -      +
    253D  VAL*     5.0    10.1    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLN 97 (chain D). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     93D  ALA      4.8     2.0    -      -       -      +
     94D  ASP*     2.9    16.2    +      -       -      +
     96D  LYS*     1.3    85.2    -      -       -      +
     98D  ARG*     1.3    65.5    +      -       -      +
     99D  ASP      3.2     0.8    +      -       -      -
    100D  PRO*     4.4     7.8    -      -       -      +
    157D  LYS*     6.4     0.2    -      -       +      -
    158D  VAL*     3.1    44.7    -      -       +      +
    159D  THR*     4.6    14.8    -      -       +      -
    367D  LEU*     4.0    22.5    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG 98 (chain D). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     33C  ILE*     5.8     5.3    -      -       -      +
     34C  TYR*     3.5    25.5    +      -       -      -
     94D  ASP      3.5     1.9    +      -       -      +
     95D  ASN*     2.6    35.9    +      -       -      +
     97D  GLN*     1.3    75.5    -      -       -      +
     99D  ASP*     1.3    58.8    +      -       +      +
    100D  PRO*     4.3     2.4    -      -       -      +
    123D  LYS*     2.8    42.2    +      -       +      +
    124D  GLY      3.3    19.1    +      -       -      -
    125D  ILE*     5.1     0.2    -      -       -      -
    126D  PRO*     3.7     9.9    -      -       -      +
    149D  SER*     6.0     1.3    -      -       -      -
    159D  THR*     6.1     0.2    -      -       -      +
    907D  ADP      4.4    16.3    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASP 99 (chain D). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     95D  ASN*     2.7    10.4    +      -       -      +
     96D  LYS      3.6     5.6    -      -       -      +
     97D  GLN      3.2     0.6    -      -       -      -
     98D  ARG*     1.3    81.5    -      -       +      +
    100D  PRO*     1.3    61.8    -      -       -      +
    101D  LYS*     2.7    43.3    +      -       -      +
    102D  MET*     2.9    18.9    +      -       -      +
    122D  GLY*     3.8     5.7    -      -       -      -
    123D  LYS*     3.2    38.4    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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A short description of the analytical approach
The contact analysis used in this page is based upon the approach developed in: Sobolev V., Wade R.C., Vriend G. and Edelman M. PROTEINS (1996) 25, 120-129. Contact legitimacy depends on the hydrophobic-hydrophilic properties of the contacting atoms. In order to define it, for each inter-atomic contact, eight atom classes have been introduced:


   I  Hydrophilic      - N and O that can donate and accept hydrogen bonds
                         (e.g., oxygen of hydroxyl group of Ser. or Thr)
  II  Acceptor         - N or O that can only accept a hydrogen bond
 III  Donor            - N that can only donate a hydrogen bond
  IV  Hydrophobic      - Cl, Br, I and all C atoms that are not in
                         aromatic rings and do not have a covalent bond to
                         a N or O atom
   V  Aromatic         - C in aromatic rings irrespective of any other 
                         bonds formed by the atom
  VI  Neutral          - C atoms that have a covalent bond to at least one
                         atom of class I or two or more atoms from class II
                         or III; atoms; S, F, P, and metal atoms in all cases
 VII  Neutral-donor    - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only one
                         atom of class III
VIII  Neutral-acceptor - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only 
                         one atom of class II
For each pair of contacts the state of legitimacy is shown below:

Legend:
+, legitimate
-, illegitimate
------------------------------------------------------------
  Atomic class           I  II  III   IV   V   VI  VII  VIII
------------------------------------------------------------
   I  (Hydrophilic)      +   +    +    -   +   +    +    +
  II  (Acceptor)         +   -    +    -   +   +    +    -
 III  (Donor)            +   +    -    -   +   +    -    +
  IV  (Hydrophobic)      -   -    -    +   +   +    +    +
   V  (Aromatic)         +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
  VI  (Neutral)          +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
 VII  (Neutral-donor)    +   +    -    +   +   +    -    +
VIII  (Neutral-acceptor) +   -    +    +   +   +    +    -
------------------------------------------------------------
Warning!
Atom classes for heterogroups are automatically assigned based on the atomic coordinates. However, in three cases (see below) the automatic assignment is currently ambiguous. In these cases, the user is advised to manually analyse the full list of contacts using LPC software.
1. Carbon atoms belonging to a 4-, 5- or 6-member ring are 
   considered "aromatic" (Class V) if the ring is approximately
   planar, and "hydrophobic" (Class IV) or "neutral" (Classes
   VI, VII, VIII) if the ring is non-planar.
2. The oxygen atom of a carbonyl or hydroxy group is considered
   "hydroxy" (Class I) if the CO bond is longer than 1.29 Å, and
   "carbonyl" (Class II) if shorter.
3. All nitrogen atoms are considered "hydrophilic" (Class I).

Please E-mail any questions and/or suggestions concerning this page to Vladimir.Sobolev@weizmann.ac.il