Contacts of the helix formed by residues 397 - 420 (chain B) in PDB entry 2CT8


Residue contacts within the protein are derived with the CSU software (Sobolev V., Sorokine A., Prilusky J., Abola E.E. and Edelman M. (1999) Automated analysis of interatomic contacts in proteins. Bioinformatics, 15, 327-332). A short description of the analytical approach is given at the end of the page.
For CSU analysis of other PDB entry

Note:
Non-standard 3 letter residue codes indicate a heterogroup. To identify and analyse, use LPC software

Legend:
Dist - nearest distance (Å) between atoms of two residues
Surf - contact surface area (Å2) between two residues
HB   - hydrophilic-hydrophilic contact (hydrogen bond)
Arom - aromatic-aromatic contact
Phob - hydrophobic-hydrophobic contact
DC   - hydrophobic-hydrophilic contact (destabilizing contact)
+/-  - indicates presence/absence of a specific contacts
*    - indicates residues forming contacts  by their side chain
       (including CA atoms)
Residues in contact with ASN 397 (chain B).
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    284B  PHE*     6.3     0.4    -      -       -      -
    327B  PRO*     5.5     1.4    -      -       -      +
    328B  PHE*     5.3     4.5    +      -       -      -
    392B  TYR*     2.7    35.4    +      -       +      +
    393B  MET*     4.1     2.0    -      -       -      -
    395B  LYS*     3.0     8.9    -      -       +      +
    396B  VAL*     1.3    70.6    -      -       -      +
    398B  PHE*     1.3    60.2    +      -       -      +
    399B  TYR*     3.5     9.7    +      -       -      +
    400B  LYS*     3.0    38.7    +      -       -      +
    401B  ALA*     3.0    22.7    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with PHE 398 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     30B  ALA*     3.6    44.0    -      -       +      -
     33B  THR*     4.0    20.2    -      -       +      -
     34B  ILE*     4.4    17.0    -      -       +      -
    255B  LEU*     5.7     0.7    -      -       +      -
    323B  LEU*     3.7    34.1    -      -       +      +
    328B  PHE*     3.7    33.2    -      +       +      +
    393B  MET*     3.1    27.8    -      -       +      -
    396B  VAL*     3.0    33.1    +      -       +      -
    397B  ASN*     1.3    70.7    -      -       -      +
    399B  TYR*     1.3    54.5    +      -       -      +
    401B  ALA*     3.1     1.7    +      -       -      +
    402B  ILE*     2.8    39.6    +      -       +      +
    454B  ILE*     6.1     2.2    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with TYR 399 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    323B  LEU      3.9     6.2    +      -       -      -
    324B  ARG*     3.1    43.9    +      -       -      +
    325B  GLU      3.7    14.4    +      -       -      -
    326B  VAL      3.5    14.6    -      -       -      +
    327B  PRO*     3.5    43.3    -      -       +      +
    328B  PHE      4.4     2.0    -      -       -      +
    397B  ASN*     3.3     7.1    +      -       -      +
    398B  PHE*     1.3    78.8    -      -       -      +
    400B  LYS*     1.3    76.9    +      -       +      +
    402B  ILE*     3.6     3.7    +      -       -      +
    403B  GLU*     3.0    33.4    +      -       +      +
     13D    C      4.9    10.5    +      -       -      -
     14D    A      6.2     2.9    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LYS 400 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    392B  TYR*     3.3    59.1    +      -       +      +
    397B  ASN*     3.0    19.7    +      -       -      +
    399B  TYR*     1.3    97.3    -      -       +      +
    401B  ALA*     1.3    65.0    +      -       -      +
    403B  GLU*     2.6    36.5    +      -       -      +
    404B  GLU*     3.0    19.6    +      -       -      +
    407B  LYS*     5.5     1.2    -      -       -      +
     14D    A      5.5    16.0    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 401 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    389B  TYR*     3.6    18.6    -      -       +      +
    392B  TYR*     3.8    15.9    -      -       +      +
    393B  MET*     3.3    32.8    -      -       +      -
    397B  ASN      3.0    19.3    +      -       -      +
    398B  PHE      3.1     2.0    +      -       -      +
    400B  LYS*     1.3    77.8    -      -       -      +
    402B  ILE*     1.3    61.3    +      -       +      +
    404B  GLU*     3.2     6.6    +      -       -      +
    405B  ILE*     3.1    22.3    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 402 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    320B  TYR*     3.7    17.3    -      -       +      +
    323B  LEU*     3.2    40.4    -      -       +      +
    324B  ARG*     3.4    28.9    -      -       +      -
    393B  MET*     6.1     0.7    -      -       +      -
    398B  PHE*     2.8    20.7    +      -       +      +
    399B  TYR      4.0     2.9    -      -       -      +
    401B  ALA*     1.3    70.8    -      -       +      +
    403B  GLU*     1.3    66.1    +      -       -      +
    405B  ILE*     3.0    15.6    +      -       +      +
    406B  LEU*     2.9    45.3    +      -       +      +
    454B  ILE*     4.6    26.9    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 403 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    392B  TYR*     5.1     1.4    +      -       -      -
    399B  TYR*     3.0    23.7    +      -       +      +
    400B  LYS*     2.6    49.5    +      -       -      +
    401B  ALA      3.1     0.2    -      -       -      -
    402B  ILE*     1.3    77.7    -      -       -      +
    404B  GLU*     1.3    63.4    +      -       -      +
    406B  LEU*     3.1    12.1    +      -       +      +
    407B  LYS*     2.9    52.9    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 404 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    384B  GLU*     5.4     0.3    -      -       -      +
    385B  SER*     3.8    22.1    +      -       -      +
    388B  ASN*     3.5    42.8    +      -       +      +
    389B  TYR*     4.1    13.5    -      -       +      +
    392B  TYR*     3.8    14.6    +      -       +      -
    400B  LYS      3.0    14.9    +      -       -      +
    401B  ALA      3.2     9.4    +      -       -      +
    403B  GLU*     1.3    76.4    -      -       +      +
    405B  ILE*     1.3    63.4    +      -       -      +
    407B  LYS*     3.7    31.8    +      -       -      +
    408B  PHE*     3.1    24.9    +      -       -      +
    450B  LEU*     5.5     1.7    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 405 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    351B  ILE*     4.7     6.7    -      -       +      -
    389B  TYR*     3.8    18.2    -      -       +      -
    401B  ALA      3.1    15.5    +      -       -      +
    402B  ILE*     3.0    22.5    +      -       +      +
    404B  GLU*     1.3    78.4    -      -       -      +
    406B  LEU*     1.3    61.1    +      -       +      +
    408B  PHE*     3.7     5.1    -      -       -      +
    409B  THR*     3.0    28.8    +      -       -      +
    447B  LEU*     3.7    21.7    -      -       +      +
    450B  LEU*     3.6    39.0    -      -       +      +
    451B  LEU*     3.6    31.2    -      -       +      -
    454B  ILE*     4.6     8.1    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 406 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    320B  TYR*     3.5    17.7    -      -       -      +
    324B  ARG*     4.9     7.9    -      -       +      +
    346B  GLU*     3.8    31.4    -      -       +      +
    350B  GLU*     3.9    11.2    -      -       +      +
    351B  ILE*     4.4    19.3    -      -       +      -
    402B  ILE*     2.9    49.2    +      -       +      +
    403B  GLU*     3.5     9.6    -      -       +      +
    405B  ILE*     1.3    75.0    -      -       +      +
    407B  LYS*     1.3    55.6    +      -       -      +
    409B  THR*     3.0     7.3    +      -       -      -
    410B  SER*     2.7    39.1    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LYS 407 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    385B  SER*     6.1     0.2    -      -       -      +
    400B  LYS*     5.5     0.8    -      -       -      +
    403B  GLU*     2.9    49.8    +      -       +      +
    404B  GLU*     3.4    29.8    +      -       -      +
    406B  LEU*     1.3    77.1    -      -       +      +
    408B  PHE*     1.3    58.2    +      -       -      +
    410B  SER*     3.2     7.8    +      -       -      -
    411B  TYR*     2.9    26.7    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with PHE 408 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    378B  TYR*     3.7    26.2    -      +       -      -
    381B  ILE*     4.3     4.0    -      -       +      -
    382B  ALA*     3.5    26.2    -      -       +      -
    385B  SER*     3.6    25.2    +      -       -      +
    404B  GLU      3.1    14.9    +      -       -      +
    405B  ILE*     3.7     4.3    -      -       -      +
    407B  LYS*     1.3    75.5    -      -       -      +
    409B  THR*     1.3    62.7    +      -       -      +
    411B  TYR*     2.9    36.0    +      +       -      +
    412B  LEU*     2.9    26.3    +      -       +      +
    443B  GLY*     3.9    12.6    -      -       -      -
    446B  VAL*     3.2    35.0    -      -       +      -
    447B  LEU*     4.2    10.3    -      -       +      -
    450B  LEU*     4.4    11.4    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with THR 409 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    350B  GLU*     3.4    28.7    -      -       +      +
    351B  ILE*     3.9    14.0    -      -       +      +
    354B  LEU*     4.1    13.2    -      -       +      +
    405B  ILE*     3.0    16.5    +      -       -      +
    406B  LEU*     3.0    13.0    +      -       +      +
    408B  PHE*     1.3    79.5    -      -       -      +
    410B  SER*     1.3    57.3    +      -       -      +
    412B  LEU*     3.2     4.6    +      -       -      +
    413B  ASN*     2.9    48.9    +      -       -      +
    447B  LEU*     3.6    22.5    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with SER 410 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    350B  GLU*     4.3    16.6    +      -       -      -
    406B  LEU*     2.7    20.2    +      -       -      +
    407B  LYS*     3.5     8.5    -      -       -      -
    409B  THR*     1.3    71.2    -      -       -      +
    411B  TYR*     1.3    65.8    +      -       -      +
    413B  ASN*     4.0     7.8    +      -       -      +
    414B  LYS*     3.1    26.6    +      -       -      +
     40D    U      4.1    14.2    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with TYR 411 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    377B  GLU*     4.1     3.6    -      -       -      +
    378B  TYR*     3.5    36.4    +      +       -      -
    381B  ILE*     3.2    46.0    -      -       +      +
    407B  LYS      2.9    14.1    +      -       -      +
    408B  PHE*     2.9    19.5    +      +       +      +
    410B  SER*     1.3    79.0    -      -       -      +
    412B  LEU*     1.3    78.4    +      -       +      +
    414B  LYS*     3.3     6.4    +      -       +      +
    415B  TYR*     2.9    53.9    +      +       +      +
    418B  GLU*     6.1     1.1    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 412 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    354B  LEU*     3.8    28.9    -      -       +      -
    378B  TYR*     4.3    18.2    -      -       +      -
    408B  PHE*     2.9    29.9    +      -       +      +
    409B  THR*     3.7     5.2    -      -       -      +
    411B  TYR*     1.3    96.9    -      -       +      +
    413B  ASN*     1.3    65.1    +      -       -      +
    414B  LYS      3.1     1.8    -      -       -      -
    415B  TYR*     3.1     7.2    +      -       +      +
    416B  VAL*     3.0    28.1    +      -       -      +
    439B  ALA      5.8     0.2    -      -       -      -
    440B  LEU*     4.5    19.5    -      -       +      +
    443B  GLY*     3.9    30.5    -      -       -      -
    444B  LEU*     4.3     3.8    -      -       +      +
    447B  LEU*     4.9     3.8    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASN 413 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    350B  GLU*     3.0    32.9    +      -       -      +
    353B  ASN*     5.0     1.2    +      -       -      -
    354B  LEU*     3.3    23.1    +      -       -      +
    357B  ARG*     3.1    25.6    +      -       -      +
    409B  THR*     2.9    32.3    +      -       -      +
    410B  SER*     4.0     3.9    +      -       -      +
    412B  LEU*     1.3    76.7    -      -       -      +
    414B  LYS*     1.3    61.8    +      -       -      +
    416B  VAL      3.6     0.2    +      -       -      -
    417B  ASP*     3.4    13.3    +      -       -      +
     39D    G      3.4    40.8    +      -       -      +
     40D    U      3.8     6.8    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LYS 414 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    410B  SER      3.1    18.4    +      -       -      +
    411B  TYR*     3.5     7.0    -      -       +      +
    413B  ASN*     1.3    75.5    -      -       -      +
    415B  TYR*     1.3    59.9    +      -       -      +
    417B  ASP*     3.2     3.5    +      -       +      +
    418B  GLU*     2.9    52.9    +      -       +      +
     40D    U      3.0    31.9    +      -       -      +
     41D    C      2.7    41.0    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with TYR 415 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    375B  ASP*     3.0    37.3    +      -       -      +
    377B  GLU*     6.1     0.2    -      -       +      -
    378B  TYR*     4.7     3.4    -      +       +      -
    411B  TYR*     2.9    45.3    +      +       -      +
    412B  LEU*     3.1    16.8    +      -       +      +
    414B  LYS*     1.3    74.5    -      -       -      +
    416B  VAL*     1.3    59.1    +      -       -      +
    418B  GLU*     4.0    10.7    +      -       -      +
    419B  LYS*     2.9    74.7    +      -       +      +
    435B  LYS*     5.1     0.7    -      -       -      +
    436B  VAL*     3.8    22.7    -      -       +      +
    439B  ALA*     3.8    10.5    -      -       +      +
    440B  LEU*     3.1    28.7    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 416 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    354B  LEU*     4.4     4.3    -      -       +      -
    357B  ARG*     3.6    39.7    -      -       -      +
    358B  VAL*     4.4     2.7    -      -       +      -
    361B  MET*     4.4    11.9    -      -       -      -
    412B  LEU      3.0    16.9    +      -       -      +
    413B  ASN      3.7     7.6    -      -       -      +
    415B  TYR*     1.3    77.8    -      -       -      +
    417B  ASP*     1.3    55.2    +      -       -      +
    420B  GLN*     2.8    32.9    +      -       -      -
    421B  PRO*     3.6     5.4    -      -       +      +
    422B  TRP*     3.7    11.8    -      -       +      -
    440B  LEU*     3.7    28.0    -      -       +      -
     34D    C      3.8     9.9    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASP 417 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    357B  ARG*     4.7     2.0    -      -       -      +
    413B  ASN      3.4    10.2    +      -       -      +
    414B  LYS*     3.2    10.0    +      -       +      +
    415B  TYR      3.2     0.2    -      -       -      -
    416B  VAL*     1.3    82.7    -      -       -      +
    418B  GLU*     1.3    66.0    +      -       +      +
    420B  GLN*     3.5    18.0    +      -       -      +
    422B  TRP*     4.5     8.0    -      -       -      -
     32D    C      3.7     9.1    +      -       -      +
     34D    C      4.5     2.1    +      -       -      -
     39D    G      2.9    34.8    +      -       -      +
     40D    U      3.2    36.7    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 418 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    411B  TYR*     6.1     1.4    -      -       -      -
    414B  LYS*     2.9    46.5    +      -       +      +
    415B  TYR*     4.0    11.5    -      -       -      +
    417B  ASP*     1.3    74.7    -      -       +      +
    419B  LYS*     1.3    74.2    +      -       +      +
    420B  GLN*     3.3    16.6    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LYS 419 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    375B  ASP*     4.2     7.5    +      -       -      +
    377B  GLU*     5.0     8.3    +      -       -      -
    415B  TYR*     2.9    57.6    +      -       +      +
    418B  GLU*     1.3    86.0    -      -       +      +
    420B  GLN*     1.3    72.6    +      -       -      +
    421B  PRO*     3.0     2.3    -      -       +      -
    424B  LEU*     3.7    16.6    -      -       +      +
    432B  GLU*     5.1    12.1    +      -       -      +
    435B  LYS*     6.1     1.6    -      -       -      +
    436B  VAL*     3.5    37.4    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLN 420 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    416B  VAL      2.8    15.6    +      -       -      -
    417B  ASP      3.5     9.7    -      -       -      +
    418B  GLU*     3.1    14.0    -      -       -      +
    419B  LYS*     1.3    80.4    -      -       -      +
    421B  PRO*     1.3    68.1    -      -       -      +
    422B  TRP*     3.1    38.4    -      -       +      +
    423B  ALA*     3.1    30.5    +      -       +      +
    424B  LEU*     3.6     2.5    +      -       +      +
     32D    C      4.7     8.0    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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A short description of the analytical approach
The contact analysis used in this page is based upon the approach developed in: Sobolev V., Wade R.C., Vriend G. and Edelman M. PROTEINS (1996) 25, 120-129. Contact legitimacy depends on the hydrophobic-hydrophilic properties of the contacting atoms. In order to define it, for each inter-atomic contact, eight atom classes have been introduced:


   I  Hydrophilic      - N and O that can donate and accept hydrogen bonds
                         (e.g., oxygen of hydroxyl group of Ser. or Thr)
  II  Acceptor         - N or O that can only accept a hydrogen bond
 III  Donor            - N that can only donate a hydrogen bond
  IV  Hydrophobic      - Cl, Br, I and all C atoms that are not in
                         aromatic rings and do not have a covalent bond to
                         a N or O atom
   V  Aromatic         - C in aromatic rings irrespective of any other 
                         bonds formed by the atom
  VI  Neutral          - C atoms that have a covalent bond to at least one
                         atom of class I or two or more atoms from class II
                         or III; atoms; S, F, P, and metal atoms in all cases
 VII  Neutral-donor    - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only one
                         atom of class III
VIII  Neutral-acceptor - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only 
                         one atom of class II
For each pair of contacts the state of legitimacy is shown below:

Legend:
+, legitimate
-, illegitimate
------------------------------------------------------------
  Atomic class           I  II  III   IV   V   VI  VII  VIII
------------------------------------------------------------
   I  (Hydrophilic)      +   +    +    -   +   +    +    +
  II  (Acceptor)         +   -    +    -   +   +    +    -
 III  (Donor)            +   +    -    -   +   +    -    +
  IV  (Hydrophobic)      -   -    -    +   +   +    +    +
   V  (Aromatic)         +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
  VI  (Neutral)          +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
 VII  (Neutral-donor)    +   +    -    +   +   +    -    +
VIII  (Neutral-acceptor) +   -    +    +   +   +    +    -
------------------------------------------------------------
Warning!
Atom classes for heterogroups are automatically assigned based on the atomic coordinates. However, in three cases (see below) the automatic assignment is currently ambiguous. In these cases, the user is advised to manually analyse the full list of contacts using LPC software.
1. Carbon atoms belonging to a 4-, 5- or 6-member ring are 
   considered "aromatic" (Class V) if the ring is approximately
   planar, and "hydrophobic" (Class IV) or "neutral" (Classes
   VI, VII, VIII) if the ring is non-planar.
2. The oxygen atom of a carbonyl or hydroxy group is considered
   "hydroxy" (Class I) if the CO bond is longer than 1.29 Å, and
   "carbonyl" (Class II) if shorter.
3. All nitrogen atoms are considered "hydrophilic" (Class I).

Please E-mail any questions and/or suggestions concerning this page to Vladimir.Sobolev@weizmann.ac.il