Contacts of the helix formed by residues 118 - 143 (chain B) in PDB entry 2DSA


Residue contacts within the protein are derived with the CSU software (Sobolev V., Sorokine A., Prilusky J., Abola E.E. and Edelman M. (1999) Automated analysis of interatomic contacts in proteins. Bioinformatics, 15, 327-332). A short description of the analytical approach is given at the end of the page.
For CSU analysis of other PDB entry

Note:
Non-standard 3 letter residue codes indicate a heterogroup. To identify and analyse, use LPC software

Legend:
Dist - nearest distance (Å) between atoms of two residues
Surf - contact surface area (Å2) between two residues
HB   - hydrophilic-hydrophilic contact (hydrogen bond)
Arom - aromatic-aromatic contact
Phob - hydrophobic-hydrophobic contact
DC   - hydrophobic-hydrophilic contact (destabilizing contact)
+/-  - indicates presence/absence of a specific contacts
*    - indicates residues forming contacts  by their side chain
       (including CA atoms)
Residues in contact with SER 118 (chain B).
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    118A  SER*     4.1    10.6    +      -       -      -
    120A  GLU*     4.2    20.8    -      -       -      +
    116B  ALA      3.5     3.3    +      -       -      -
    117B  SER*     1.3    77.5    -      -       -      +
    119B  ASP*     1.3    63.3    +      -       -      +
    120B  GLU*     3.3     8.6    -      -       -      +
    121B  TRP*     3.4    22.0    +      -       -      +
    122B  LYS*     3.2    25.6    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASP 119 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    118B  SER*     1.3    72.3    -      -       -      +
    120B  GLU*     1.3    64.4    +      -       -      +
    121B  TRP      3.3     0.4    -      -       -      -
    122B  LYS*     3.8    23.8    +      -       -      +
    123B  ASN*     3.3    38.5    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 120 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    116A  ALA      5.0     4.8    -      -       -      +
    118A  SER*     3.8    26.3    +      -       -      +
    121A  TRP*     5.7     0.2    -      -       -      -
    118B  SER*     3.3     7.0    -      -       -      +
    119B  ASP*     1.3    75.7    -      -       -      +
    121B  TRP*     1.3    66.6    +      -       -      +
    123B  ASN*     4.4     3.0    -      -       -      +
    124B  ALA*     3.6    18.4    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with TRP 121 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    118A  SER*     4.7     7.7    +      -       -      +
    120A  GLU*     4.6     4.3    -      -       +      -
    121A  TRP*     3.4    67.6    -      +       +      +
    124A  ALA*     4.0    29.6    -      -       +      -
    125A  VAL*     5.9     2.0    -      -       +      -
    111B  PRO*     3.7    28.3    -      -       +      +
    114B  ASN*     5.2     8.5    -      -       -      -
    117B  SER*     3.6    30.1    -      -       -      -
    118B  SER*     3.4    22.3    +      -       -      +
    120B  GLU*     1.3    76.6    -      -       -      +
    122B  LYS*     1.3    67.3    +      -       -      +
    124B  ALA*     3.1    15.0    +      -       -      +
    125B  VAL*     3.2    26.6    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LYS 122 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    111B  PRO*     3.8    13.0    -      -       -      +
    112B  LEU*     3.7    30.9    -      -       +      +
    114B  ASN      3.7    11.3    +      -       -      -
    115B  PRO*     5.1     4.6    +      -       -      +
    117B  SER*     3.5    36.1    +      -       -      +
    118B  SER      3.2    14.9    +      -       -      +
    119B  ASP*     3.8    22.3    +      -       -      +
    121B  TRP*     1.3    82.6    -      -       +      +
    123B  ASN*     1.3    62.1    +      -       -      +
    125B  VAL*     3.3     4.6    +      -       -      +
    126B  ARG*     2.9    43.0    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASN 123 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    119B  ASP*     3.3    26.6    +      -       -      +
    120B  GLU*     4.4     3.6    -      -       -      +
    121B  TRP      3.3     1.0    -      -       -      -
    122B  LYS*     1.3    78.0    -      -       -      +
    124B  ALA*     1.3    64.1    +      -       -      +
    126B  ARG*     3.6    17.4    +      -       -      +
    127B  GLN*     3.2    23.6    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 124 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    121A  TRP*     4.1    21.1    -      -       +      -
    120B  GLU      3.6    12.3    +      -       -      +
    121B  TRP      3.1    10.0    +      -       -      +
    123B  ASN*     1.3    77.3    -      -       -      +
    125B  VAL*     1.3    62.9    +      -       -      +
    127B  GLN*     3.4     7.5    +      -       -      +
    128B  SER*     3.2    25.5    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 125 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    121A  TRP*     4.1    15.9    -      -       +      -
    108B  SER*     3.0    45.5    -      -       -      +
    111B  PRO*     4.2     8.1    -      -       +      -
    112B  LEU*     4.5     7.9    -      -       +      -
    121B  TRP*     3.2    36.4    +      -       +      +
    122B  LYS*     3.6     9.4    -      -       -      +
    124B  ALA*     1.3    75.2    -      -       -      +
    126B  ARG*     1.3    57.4    +      -       -      +
    128B  SER*     3.3     8.1    +      -       -      -
    129B  LEU*     2.9    29.1    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG 126 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    112B  LEU*     3.9    29.9    +      -       +      +
    122B  LYS*     2.9    30.2    +      -       -      +
    123B  ASN*     3.8    20.1    +      -       -      +
    124B  ALA      3.3     0.2    -      -       -      -
    125B  VAL*     1.3    75.4    -      -       -      +
    127B  GLN*     1.3    57.3    +      -       -      +
    129B  LEU*     3.6     7.4    +      -       -      +
    130B  ASN*     3.1    37.9    +      -       -      +
    168B  VAL*     2.6    39.2    +      -       -      +
    169B  ASN*     4.0    11.2    +      -       -      +
    170B  ILE*     3.7    20.8    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLN 127 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    123B  ASN      3.2    14.3    +      -       -      +
    124B  ALA*     3.6    11.2    -      -       -      +
    126B  ARG*     1.3    74.3    -      -       -      +
    128B  SER*     1.3    65.7    +      -       -      +
    130B  ASN*     3.4    10.9    +      -       +      +
    131B  THR*     3.2    28.0    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with SER 128 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    108B  SER*     5.1     7.0    -      -       -      -
    124B  ALA      3.2    12.4    +      -       -      -
    125B  VAL*     3.3    10.4    +      -       -      -
    127B  GLN*     1.3    77.3    -      -       -      +
    129B  LEU*     1.3    57.8    +      -       -      +
    131B  THR*     3.2     7.7    +      -       -      -
    132B  ARG*     2.9    38.8    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 129 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    104B  GLU      4.3     0.9    -      -       -      +
    105B  LEU*     3.8    26.9    -      -       +      +
    108B  SER*     3.5    30.9    +      -       -      +
    109B  PHE*     3.8    37.0    -      -       +      -
    112B  LEU*     3.9    27.8    -      -       +      -
    125B  VAL      2.9    14.7    +      -       -      +
    126B  ARG*     3.8     7.0    -      -       -      +
    127B  GLN      3.3     0.2    -      -       -      -
    128B  SER*     1.3    72.8    -      -       -      +
    130B  ASN*     1.3    55.7    +      -       -      +
    132B  ARG*     3.1     4.7    +      -       -      +
    133B  LEU*     2.7    50.1    +      -       +      +
    170B  ILE*     4.1    10.8    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASN 130 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    126B  ARG*     3.1    26.1    +      -       -      +
    127B  GLN*     3.4     9.4    +      -       +      +
    129B  LEU*     1.3    76.0    -      -       -      +
    131B  THR*     1.3    58.0    +      -       -      +
    133B  LEU*     3.6     8.9    +      -       -      +
    134B  GLY*     3.0    24.6    +      -       -      -
    170B  ILE*     5.2     6.2    -      -       -      +
    175B  TRP*     3.8    29.4    +      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with THR 131 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    127B  GLN*     3.2    14.1    +      -       -      +
    128B  SER*     3.2    11.0    +      -       -      -
    129B  LEU      3.2     0.4    -      -       -      -
    130B  ASN*     1.3    78.3    -      -       -      +
    132B  ARG*     1.3    79.3    +      -       -      +
    134B  GLY*     3.3     3.9    +      -       -      -
    135B  GLN*     3.2    19.4    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG 132 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     49A  ALA*     3.2    29.1    +      -       -      +
     51A  TYR*     3.6    26.9    -      -       -      -
   1224A  GSH      5.5     6.1    +      -       -      -
    100B  PHE*     3.8    24.2    -      -       +      -
    104B  GLU*     3.1    36.1    +      -       -      +
    105B  LEU*     3.8    19.3    -      -       +      -
    128B  SER*     2.9    25.9    +      -       -      +
    129B  LEU      3.9     2.5    -      -       -      +
    131B  THR*     1.3    92.2    -      -       -      +
    133B  LEU*     1.3    57.6    +      -       -      +
    135B  GLN*     3.3    10.2    +      -       -      +
    136B  VAL*     3.1    32.6    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 133 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    105B  LEU*     4.1    17.3    -      -       +      -
    109B  PHE*     5.1     7.0    -      -       +      -
    129B  LEU*     2.7    46.4    +      -       +      +
    130B  ASN*     3.8     7.4    -      -       -      +
    132B  ARG*     1.3    70.0    -      -       -      +
    134B  GLY*     1.3    55.8    +      -       -      +
    136B  VAL*     3.3     7.0    +      -       +      +
    137B  ALA*     2.8    36.1    +      -       -      +
    162B  LEU*     3.8    28.7    -      -       +      -
    170B  ILE*     4.4    18.8    -      -       +      -
    172B  LEU*     4.8     3.8    -      -       +      -
    175B  TRP*     3.9    32.1    -      -       +      -
    178B  LEU*     3.9    12.2    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLY 134 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    130B  ASN      3.0    14.2    +      -       -      -
    131B  THR*     3.3     5.3    +      -       -      -
    133B  LEU*     1.3    75.0    -      -       -      +
    135B  GLN*     1.3    55.5    +      -       -      +
    137B  ALA*     3.4     2.8    -      -       -      +
    138B  ARG*     3.0    36.5    +      -       -      +
    175B  TRP*     3.7    20.9    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLN 135 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     47A  ASN*     4.7     2.6    -      -       -      +
     48A  PRO*     4.0    24.0    +      -       +      +
     49A  ALA*     3.3    40.2    +      -       -      +
     97B  TRP*     4.8    10.7    -      -       +      -
    100B  PHE*     3.5    27.4    -      -       +      -
    131B  THR*     3.2    10.9    +      -       -      +
    132B  ARG*     3.5    15.2    -      -       -      +
    133B  LEU      3.3     0.2    -      -       -      -
    134B  GLY*     1.3    75.0    -      -       -      +
    136B  VAL*     1.3    62.0    +      -       -      +
    138B  ARG*     3.3     8.5    +      -       -      +
    139B  GLN*     3.2    19.9    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 136 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     97B  TRP*     4.1     8.7    -      -       +      -
    100B  PHE*     3.3    27.6    -      -       +      -
    101B  ILE*     6.3     0.4    -      -       +      -
    105B  LEU*     4.0    14.8    -      -       +      -
    132B  ARG      3.1    18.1    +      -       -      +
    133B  LEU*     3.8     7.6    -      -       +      +
    135B  GLN*     1.3    74.0    -      -       -      +
    137B  ALA*     1.3    63.2    +      -       -      +
    139B  GLN*     3.2     8.8    +      -       -      +
    140B  LEU*     3.0    24.2    +      -       +      +
    146B  LEU*     4.1    12.6    -      -       +      -
    158B  LEU*     3.6    35.7    -      -       +      -
    162B  LEU*     6.3     0.2    -      -       +      -
    178B  LEU*     4.1     7.0    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 137 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    133B  LEU      2.8    18.6    +      -       -      +
    134B  GLY      3.4     6.3    -      -       -      +
    136B  VAL*     1.3    77.1    -      -       -      +
    138B  ARG*     1.3    62.4    +      -       +      +
    140B  LEU      3.2     8.5    +      -       -      -
    141B  GLU*     3.3     8.2    +      -       -      +
    175B  TRP*     3.6    32.3    -      -       +      -
    177B  SER*     2.7    29.6    +      -       -      +
    178B  LEU*     3.7    11.7    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG 138 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    134B  GLY      3.0    23.9    +      -       -      +
    135B  GLN*     3.7     7.6    -      -       -      +
    136B  VAL      3.3     0.2    -      -       -      -
    137B  ALA*     1.3    73.0    -      -       -      +
    139B  GLN*     1.3    66.9    -      -       -      +
    141B  GLU*     3.0    47.7    +      -       -      +
    142B  HIS*     3.2    19.3    +      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLN 139 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     93B  HIS*     4.6     9.0    +      -       -      -
     97B  TRP*     3.4    38.5    +      -       +      -
    135B  GLN      3.2     9.5    +      -       -      +
    136B  VAL      3.2    10.5    +      -       -      +
    138B  ARG*     1.3    77.3    -      -       -      +
    140B  LEU*     1.3    58.3    +      -       -      +
    142B  HIS*     3.2    38.2    +      -       -      +
    143B  ALA*     4.0     2.9    +      -       -      +
    145B  TYR      5.2     1.4    -      -       -      +
    146B  LEU*     3.1    35.5    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 140 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    136B  VAL*     3.0    15.2    +      -       +      +
    137B  ALA      3.2     6.5    +      -       -      +
    138B  ARG      3.2     0.6    -      -       -      -
    139B  GLN*     1.3    73.4    -      -       -      +
    141B  GLU*     1.3    58.2    +      -       -      +
    142B  HIS      3.5     0.4    -      -       -      -
    143B  ALA      3.3    12.4    -      -       -      +
    144B  PRO*     3.8     8.9    -      -       -      +
    145B  TYR*     3.5    38.8    -      -       -      +
    146B  LEU*     3.5    16.2    -      -       +      +
    158B  LEU*     3.8    20.4    -      -       +      -
    177B  SER*     3.5    21.9    -      -       -      +
    178B  LEU*     3.9    18.2    -      -       +      -
    181B  PHE*     3.7    31.0    -      -       +      -
    184B  ARG*     5.0     5.2    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 141 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    137B  ALA      3.3    10.3    +      -       -      +
    138B  ARG*     3.0    53.8    +      -       -      +
    140B  LEU*     1.3    76.6    -      -       -      +
    142B  HIS*     1.3    66.7    +      -       +      +
    143B  ALA      3.4     1.8    +      -       -      -
    177B  SER*     4.2    12.1    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with HIS 142 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    138B  ARG*     3.2    28.7    +      -       +      -
    139B  GLN*     3.2    22.1    +      -       -      +
    141B  GLU*     1.3    82.3    -      -       +      +
    143B  ALA*     1.3    62.5    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 143 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    139B  GLN      4.0     2.1    +      -       -      +
    140B  LEU*     3.3    24.4    -      -       -      +
    141B  GLU      3.4     1.8    -      -       -      -
    142B  HIS*     1.3    82.0    -      -       +      +
    144B  PRO*     1.3    75.5    -      -       +      +
    145B  TYR      3.1     8.0    +      -       -      +
    148B  GLY*     3.4    30.3    -      -       -      +
    149B  ASP*     4.2     4.3    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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A short description of the analytical approach
The contact analysis used in this page is based upon the approach developed in: Sobolev V., Wade R.C., Vriend G. and Edelman M. PROTEINS (1996) 25, 120-129. Contact legitimacy depends on the hydrophobic-hydrophilic properties of the contacting atoms. In order to define it, for each inter-atomic contact, eight atom classes have been introduced:


   I  Hydrophilic      - N and O that can donate and accept hydrogen bonds
                         (e.g., oxygen of hydroxyl group of Ser. or Thr)
  II  Acceptor         - N or O that can only accept a hydrogen bond
 III  Donor            - N that can only donate a hydrogen bond
  IV  Hydrophobic      - Cl, Br, I and all C atoms that are not in
                         aromatic rings and do not have a covalent bond to
                         a N or O atom
   V  Aromatic         - C in aromatic rings irrespective of any other 
                         bonds formed by the atom
  VI  Neutral          - C atoms that have a covalent bond to at least one
                         atom of class I or two or more atoms from class II
                         or III; atoms; S, F, P, and metal atoms in all cases
 VII  Neutral-donor    - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only one
                         atom of class III
VIII  Neutral-acceptor - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only 
                         one atom of class II
For each pair of contacts the state of legitimacy is shown below:

Legend:
+, legitimate
-, illegitimate
------------------------------------------------------------
  Atomic class           I  II  III   IV   V   VI  VII  VIII
------------------------------------------------------------
   I  (Hydrophilic)      +   +    +    -   +   +    +    +
  II  (Acceptor)         +   -    +    -   +   +    +    -
 III  (Donor)            +   +    -    -   +   +    -    +
  IV  (Hydrophobic)      -   -    -    +   +   +    +    +
   V  (Aromatic)         +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
  VI  (Neutral)          +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
 VII  (Neutral-donor)    +   +    -    +   +   +    -    +
VIII  (Neutral-acceptor) +   -    +    +   +   +    +    -
------------------------------------------------------------
Warning!
Atom classes for heterogroups are automatically assigned based on the atomic coordinates. However, in three cases (see below) the automatic assignment is currently ambiguous. In these cases, the user is advised to manually analyse the full list of contacts using LPC software.
1. Carbon atoms belonging to a 4-, 5- or 6-member ring are 
   considered "aromatic" (Class V) if the ring is approximately
   planar, and "hydrophobic" (Class IV) or "neutral" (Classes
   VI, VII, VIII) if the ring is non-planar.
2. The oxygen atom of a carbonyl or hydroxy group is considered
   "hydroxy" (Class I) if the CO bond is longer than 1.29 Å, and
   "carbonyl" (Class II) if shorter.
3. All nitrogen atoms are considered "hydrophilic" (Class I).

Please E-mail any questions and/or suggestions concerning this page to Vladimir.Sobolev@weizmann.ac.il