Contacts of the helix formed by residues 271 - 301 (chain A) in PDB entry 2DVL
Residue contacts within the protein are
derived with the CSU software (Sobolev V., Sorokine A.,
Prilusky J., Abola E.E. and Edelman M. (1999) Automated
analysis of interatomic contacts in proteins.
Bioinformatics, 15, 327-332). A
short description of the analytical approach
is given at the end of the page.
Note:
Non-standard 3 letter residue
codes indicate a heterogroup. To identify
and analyse, use LPC software
Legend:
Dist - nearest distance (Å) between atoms of two residues
Surf - contact surface area (Å2) between two residues
HB - hydrophilic-hydrophilic contact (hydrogen bond)
Arom - aromatic-aromatic contact
Phob - hydrophobic-hydrophobic contact
DC - hydrophobic-hydrophilic contact (destabilizing contact)
+/- - indicates presence/absence of a specific contacts
* - indicates residues forming contacts by their side chain
(including CA atoms)
Residues in contact with HIS 271 (chain A).
----------------------------------------------------------
Specific contacts
---------------------------
Residue Dist Surf HB Arom Phob DC
----------------------------------------------------------
263A GLN* 2.9 28.1 + - + -
264A PHE* 4.1 18.1 - + + +
266A LYS* 4.0 28.0 + - + +
267A LYS 4.1 1.8 - - - -
268A LEU* 2.7 37.0 + - + +
269A LYS 3.8 2.0 - - - +
270A GLU* 1.3 78.5 + - - +
272A GLN* 1.3 67.3 + - - +
273A ALA* 4.8 3.1 - - + +
274A ILE* 2.9 24.8 + - + +
275A ALA 3.0 10.0 + - - -
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Residues in contact with GLN 272 (chain A).
Click here for Legend to table.
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Specific contacts
---------------------------
Residue Dist Surf HB Arom Phob DC
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270A GLU 3.6 4.4 + - - -
271A HIS* 1.3 69.8 - - - +
273A ALA* 1.3 54.3 + - - +
275A ALA* 3.0 7.6 + - - +
276A PHE* 2.7 67.8 + - + -
364B LEU* 4.0 17.1 - - + +
1002B FAD 2.9 43.8 + - - -
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Residues in contact with ALA 273 (chain A).
Click here for Legend to table.
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Specific contacts
---------------------------
Residue Dist Surf HB Arom Phob DC
----------------------------------------------------------
271A HIS* 3.3 3.5 - - + -
272A GLN* 1.3 78.3 - - - +
274A ILE* 1.3 66.4 + - + +
276A PHE* 3.5 6.7 + - - +
277A LYS* 3.1 31.3 + - - +
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Residues in contact with ILE 274 (chain A).
Click here for Legend to table.
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Specific contacts
---------------------------
Residue Dist Surf HB Arom Phob DC
----------------------------------------------------------
258A ALA* 4.1 15.9 - - + -
268A LEU* 3.3 50.3 - - + +
269A LYS* 4.1 1.6 - - - +
271A HIS* 2.9 11.9 + - + +
273A ALA* 1.3 76.8 - - + +
275A ALA* 1.3 67.7 + - - +
277A LYS* 3.0 36.3 + - + +
278A ILE* 3.1 14.8 + - + +
329A GLN* 5.4 2.2 - - + +
330A VAL* 4.6 25.6 - - + +
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Residues in contact with ALA 275 (chain A).
Click here for Legend to table.
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Specific contacts
---------------------------
Residue Dist Surf HB Arom Phob DC
----------------------------------------------------------
269A LYS* 3.4 26.2 + - + +
271A HIS 3.0 6.9 + - - +
272A GLN* 3.5 11.9 - - - +
274A ILE* 1.3 77.5 - - - +
276A PHE* 1.3 69.5 + - + +
278A ILE* 3.4 10.2 + - - +
279A ALA* 3.1 22.2 + - - +
364B LEU* 6.0 2.7 - - + -
367B ALA* 3.8 22.5 - - + +
371B TYR* 5.8 2.0 - - + -
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Residues in contact with PHE 276 (chain A).
Click here for Legend to table.
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Specific contacts
---------------------------
Residue Dist Surf HB Arom Phob DC
----------------------------------------------------------
272A GLN* 2.7 56.6 + - + +
273A ALA* 3.8 6.7 - - - +
275A ALA* 1.3 78.0 - - + +
277A LYS* 1.3 64.9 + - - +
279A ALA* 3.4 5.7 + - - +
280A ASP* 2.9 32.2 + - - +
360B GLU* 3.4 40.8 - - + -
363B ARG* 3.4 40.6 - - + +
364B LEU* 3.7 23.1 - - + -
1002B FAD 4.8 0.7 - + - -
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Residues in contact with LYS 277 (chain A).
Click here for Legend to table.
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Specific contacts
---------------------------
Residue Dist Surf HB Arom Phob DC
----------------------------------------------------------
273A ALA* 3.1 22.6 + - - +
274A ILE* 3.0 22.1 + - + +
276A PHE* 1.3 75.8 - - - +
278A ILE* 1.3 59.0 + - - +
280A ASP* 3.2 8.4 + - - +
281A MET* 2.9 43.8 + - + +
326A GLU* 2.9 50.7 + - + +
329A GLN* 4.1 17.3 - - + +
330A VAL* 4.1 19.3 - - + -
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Residues in contact with ILE 278 (chain A).
Click here for Legend to table.
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Specific contacts
---------------------------
Residue Dist Surf HB Arom Phob DC
----------------------------------------------------------
251A PHE* 3.5 16.9 - - + -
254A ALA* 4.1 7.0 - - + +
255A LYS* 3.9 28.0 - - + +
258A ALA* 4.5 7.6 - - + -
269A LYS* 6.1 0.2 - - + -
274A ILE* 3.1 15.0 + - + +
275A ALA* 3.6 9.9 - - - +
277A LYS* 1.3 76.5 - - - +
279A ALA* 1.3 62.3 + - - +
281A MET* 3.2 29.1 + - + +
282A HIS* 3.0 18.5 + - - +
330A VAL* 4.4 7.6 - - + -
367B ALA* 5.8 0.7 - - + -
370B LEU* 3.7 19.5 - - + -
371B TYR* 4.0 27.1 - - + +
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Residues in contact with ALA 279 (chain A).
Click here for Legend to table.
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Specific contacts
---------------------------
Residue Dist Surf HB Arom Phob DC
----------------------------------------------------------
275A ALA 3.1 13.8 + - - +
276A PHE* 3.7 9.9 - - - +
277A LYS 3.3 0.2 - - - -
278A ILE* 1.3 76.7 - - - +
280A ASP* 1.3 56.8 + - - +
282A HIS* 3.0 5.5 + - - +
283A VAL* 2.9 31.7 + - - +
314B LEU* 5.7 0.2 - - + -
363B ARG* 4.0 20.4 - - + +
366B ILE* 3.5 36.1 - - + +
367B ALA* 4.2 2.9 - - + +
370B LEU* 4.1 4.9 - - - +
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Residues in contact with ASP 280 (chain A).
Click here for Legend to table.
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Specific contacts
---------------------------
Residue Dist Surf HB Arom Phob DC
----------------------------------------------------------
276A PHE* 2.9 20.7 + - - +
277A LYS* 3.6 7.7 - - - +
279A ALA* 1.3 73.9 - - - +
281A MET* 1.3 67.2 + - + +
283A VAL* 3.5 6.1 + - - +
284A LYS* 3.3 39.1 + - - +
314B LEU* 4.3 6.9 - - - +
363B ARG* 2.8 39.1 + - - -
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Residues in contact with MET 281 (chain A).
Click here for Legend to table.
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Specific contacts
---------------------------
Residue Dist Surf HB Arom Phob DC
----------------------------------------------------------
251A PHE* 3.6 25.4 - - + -
254A ALA* 4.3 4.3 - - + -
277A LYS* 2.9 26.3 + - + +
278A ILE* 3.5 38.8 - - + +
279A ALA 3.2 0.2 - - - -
280A ASP* 1.3 77.5 - - + +
282A HIS* 1.3 64.4 + - - +
284A LYS* 3.4 9.4 - - + +
285A ILE* 3.1 30.6 + - - +
323A VAL* 3.9 39.7 - - + +
326A GLU* 4.3 12.8 - - + +
327A ALA* 4.2 8.1 - - - -
330A VAL* 3.8 19.5 - - + -
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Residues in contact with HIS 282 (chain A).
Click here for Legend to table.
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Specific contacts
---------------------------
Residue Dist Surf HB Arom Phob DC
----------------------------------------------------------
251A PHE* 4.1 14.1 - - + -
278A ILE 3.0 12.3 + - - +
279A ALA 3.0 7.4 + - - +
281A MET* 1.3 76.5 - - - +
283A VAL* 1.3 67.2 + - + +
285A ILE* 3.3 7.3 + - - +
286A ALA* 2.9 41.4 + - + +
289A ARG* 6.3 0.9 - - - -
307B LEU* 3.5 43.1 - - + +
308B GLU* 6.0 0.8 - - - +
311B ALA* 4.6 7.4 - - + +
366B ILE* 4.2 8.3 - - + -
370B LEU* 3.8 25.3 - - + +
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Residues in contact with VAL 283 (chain A).
Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
Specific contacts
---------------------------
Residue Dist Surf HB Arom Phob DC
----------------------------------------------------------
279A ALA 2.9 18.8 + - - +
280A ASP* 3.9 7.0 - - - +
281A MET 3.3 0.2 - - - -
282A HIS* 1.3 81.1 - - + +
284A LYS* 1.3 58.9 + - - +
286A ALA* 3.2 5.2 + - - +
287A ALA* 2.9 27.4 + - - +
291B LEU* 4.5 4.7 - - + +
311B ALA* 4.0 18.4 - - + +
314B LEU* 4.2 13.2 - - + -
315B PHE* 3.8 39.7 - - + +
366B ILE* 3.8 26.0 - - + -
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Residues in contact with LYS 284 (chain A).
Click here for Legend to table.
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Specific contacts
---------------------------
Residue Dist Surf HB Arom Phob DC
----------------------------------------------------------
280A ASP* 3.3 30.5 + - - +
281A MET* 3.4 10.8 - - + +
283A VAL* 1.3 80.8 - - - +
285A ILE* 1.3 57.6 + - - +
287A ALA* 4.3 5.6 - - - -
288A ALA* 2.9 30.0 + - - +
315A PHE* 3.7 12.8 - - + -
319A ALA* 4.1 13.7 - - + +
322A GLU* 3.1 40.4 + - + +
323A VAL* 3.5 26.0 - - + +
326A GLU* 6.3 1.0 - - - +
315B PHE* 5.4 3.1 - - + -
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Residues in contact with ILE 285 (chain A).
Click here for Legend to table.
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Specific contacts
---------------------------
Residue Dist Surf HB Arom Phob DC
----------------------------------------------------------
244A VAL* 4.2 13.1 - - + +
247A ALA* 3.7 31.0 - - + +
248A ARG* 4.0 5.8 - - + +
251A PHE* 3.5 38.8 - - + -
281A MET 3.1 22.6 + - - +
282A HIS* 3.6 6.7 - - - +
284A LYS* 1.3 75.4 - - - +
286A ALA* 1.3 58.2 + - - +
288A ALA* 3.3 6.3 + - - +
289A ARG* 2.9 56.2 + - - +
319A ALA* 5.4 0.9 - - - -
323A VAL* 4.0 8.3 - - + -
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Residues in contact with ALA 286 (chain A).
Click here for Legend to table.
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Specific contacts
---------------------------
Residue Dist Surf HB Arom Phob DC
----------------------------------------------------------
282A HIS* 2.9 35.2 + - + +
283A VAL* 3.6 5.6 - - - +
285A ILE* 1.3 75.9 - - - +
287A ALA* 1.3 59.5 + - - +
289A ARG* 3.4 14.0 + - - +
290A ALA* 2.9 31.0 + - - +
291B LEU* 3.7 16.3 - - + +
294B GLU* 4.9 9.0 - - - +
311B ALA* 5.6 2.9 - - + -
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Residues in contact with ALA 287 (chain A).
Click here for Legend to table.
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Specific contacts
---------------------------
Residue Dist Surf HB Arom Phob DC
----------------------------------------------------------
283A VAL 2.9 16.8 + - - +
284A LYS* 3.8 1.6 - - - +
286A ALA* 1.3 76.2 - - - +
288A ALA* 1.3 64.3 + - - +
290A ALA* 3.3 4.0 + - - +
291A LEU* 3.0 27.0 + - - +
315A PHE* 3.7 25.6 - - + -
287B ALA* 4.3 11.5 - - + +
291B LEU* 3.7 27.3 - - + +
315B PHE* 4.3 5.6 - - + -
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Residues in contact with ALA 288 (chain A).
Click here for Legend to table.
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Specific contacts
---------------------------
Residue Dist Surf HB Arom Phob DC
----------------------------------------------------------
244A VAL* 3.8 19.7 - - + -
284A LYS 2.9 19.7 + - - +
285A ILE* 3.5 7.4 - - - +
287A ALA* 1.3 76.7 - - - +
289A ARG* 1.3 64.1 + - - +
291A LEU* 3.2 6.0 + - - +
292A VAL* 3.0 24.8 + - - +
312A ALA 5.9 0.2 - - - -
315A PHE* 3.7 18.8 - - + -
316A ALA* 4.0 16.1 - - - +
319A ALA* 4.4 4.5 - - + -
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Residues in contact with ARG 289 (chain A).
Click here for Legend to table.
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Specific contacts
---------------------------
Residue Dist Surf HB Arom Phob DC
----------------------------------------------------------
69A LEU* 4.2 13.4 - - + +
72A GLU* 2.8 42.7 + - - +
244A VAL* 4.0 12.7 - - + +
248A ARG* 3.8 15.0 - - - +
282A HIS* 6.3 0.6 - - - -
285A ILE* 2.9 44.4 + - - +
286A ALA* 3.8 11.9 - - - +
288A ALA* 1.3 75.1 - - - +
290A ALA* 1.3 62.6 + - - +
292A VAL* 3.0 7.6 + - + +
293A LEU* 2.9 40.6 + - + +
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Residues in contact with ALA 290 (chain A).
Click here for Legend to table.
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Specific contacts
---------------------------
Residue Dist Surf HB Arom Phob DC
----------------------------------------------------------
286A ALA 2.9 17.9 + - - +
287A ALA* 3.6 7.0 - - - +
289A ARG* 1.3 76.6 - - - +
291A LEU* 1.3 63.2 + - - +
293A LEU* 3.3 7.4 + - - +
294A GLU* 3.0 24.3 + - - +
297A ARG* 5.2 0.7 + - - -
290B ALA* 3.7 31.7 - - + +
291B LEU* 4.6 3.4 - - + -
294B GLU* 4.3 17.0 + - - +
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Residues in contact with LEU 291 (chain A).
Click here for Legend to table.
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Specific contacts
---------------------------
Residue Dist Surf HB Arom Phob DC
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287A ALA 3.0 14.9 + - - +
288A ALA* 3.6 7.6 - - - +
290A ALA* 1.3 75.0 - - - +
292A VAL* 1.3 63.4 + - - +
294A GLU* 3.3 17.4 + - - +
295A ALA* 3.2 22.5 + - - +
308A GLU* 4.9 2.0 - - - +
311A ALA* 4.0 16.6 - - + +
312A ALA* 4.0 15.0 - - + +
315A PHE* 3.8 31.0 - - + -
283B VAL* 4.4 7.9 - - + +
286B ALA* 3.9 18.8 - - + +
287B ALA* 3.9 37.9 - - + +
290B ALA* 4.6 1.6 - - + -
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Residues in contact with VAL 292 (chain A).
Click here for Legend to table.
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Specific contacts
---------------------------
Residue Dist Surf HB Arom Phob DC
----------------------------------------------------------
68A ALA* 3.9 26.5 - - + -
237A VAL* 4.2 12.0 - - + +
240A ALA* 3.6 35.0 - - + -
241A ALA* 4.1 14.1 - - + -
244A VAL* 4.0 11.0 - - + -
288A ALA 3.0 18.8 + - - +
289A ARG* 3.4 10.3 - - + +
291A LEU* 1.3 76.6 - - - +
293A LEU* 1.3 60.0 + - + +
295A ALA* 3.3 5.2 + - - +
296A ALA* 3.0 24.6 + - - +
312A ALA* 4.1 9.9 - - + -
316A ALA* 4.8 2.2 - - + -
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Residues in contact with LEU 293 (chain A).
Click here for Legend to table.
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Specific contacts
---------------------------
Residue Dist Surf HB Arom Phob DC
----------------------------------------------------------
65A VAL* 4.2 20.6 - - + -
68A ALA* 4.3 17.3 - - + -
69A LEU* 4.1 33.2 - - + -
289A ARG* 2.9 34.7 + - + +
290A ALA* 4.0 6.5 - - - +
292A VAL* 1.3 76.4 - - + +
294A GLU* 1.3 64.7 + - - +
296A ALA* 3.5 3.6 - - - +
297A ARG* 3.0 57.9 + - - +
294B GLU* 5.9 2.9 - - - +
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Residues in contact with GLU 294 (chain A).
Click here for Legend to table.
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Specific contacts
---------------------------
Residue Dist Surf HB Arom Phob DC
----------------------------------------------------------
290A ALA 3.0 18.0 + - - +
291A LEU* 3.5 17.5 - - - +
293A LEU* 1.3 77.1 - - - +
295A ALA* 1.3 62.5 + - - +
297A ARG* 3.9 15.6 - - - +
298A LYS* 3.2 23.7 + - + +
301A ARG* 5.0 2.7 + - - +
308A GLU* 3.8 22.6 - - + +
286B ALA* 4.4 9.6 - - - +
290B ALA* 4.2 20.1 - - + +
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Residues in contact with ALA 295 (chain A).
Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
Specific contacts
---------------------------
Residue Dist Surf HB Arom Phob DC
----------------------------------------------------------
237A VAL* 4.1 18.6 - - + -
291A LEU 3.2 8.6 + - - +
292A VAL 3.7 7.6 - - - +
294A GLU* 1.3 76.8 - - - +
296A ALA* 1.3 65.8 + - - +
298A LYS* 3.4 3.8 + - - +
299A LYS* 3.0 24.4 + - - +
305A PHE* 4.0 7.0 - - + -
308A GLU* 3.7 39.5 - - + +
309A ALA* 4.2 0.9 - - - +
312A ALA* 4.7 3.1 - - + -
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Residues in contact with ALA 296 (chain A).
Click here for Legend to table.
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Specific contacts
---------------------------
Residue Dist Surf HB Arom Phob DC
----------------------------------------------------------
64A SER* 3.2 42.4 - - - +
65A VAL* 3.9 8.3 - - + +
68A ALA* 4.6 6.5 - - + -
237A VAL* 4.6 9.1 - - + +
292A VAL 3.0 13.9 + - - +
293A LEU* 3.3 13.4 + - - +
295A ALA* 1.3 78.0 - - - +
297A ARG* 1.3 57.7 + - - +
299A LYS* 3.2 7.8 - - - +
300A ASP* 3.0 23.1 + - - -
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Residues in contact with ARG 297 (chain A).
Click here for Legend to table.
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Specific contacts
---------------------------
Residue Dist Surf HB Arom Phob DC
----------------------------------------------------------
65A VAL* 3.9 21.1 - - + +
290A ALA 5.2 0.8 + - - -
293A LEU* 3.0 56.3 + - - +
294A GLU* 3.9 14.0 - - - +
296A ALA* 1.3 72.1 - - - +
298A LYS* 1.3 67.7 + - - +
300A ASP* 3.0 9.9 + - - +
301A ARG* 2.9 43.4 + - - +
297B ARG* 4.7 19.3 - - - +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LYS 298 (chain A).
Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
Specific contacts
---------------------------
Residue Dist Surf HB Arom Phob DC
----------------------------------------------------------
294A GLU* 3.2 15.5 + - + +
295A ALA 3.7 4.5 - - - +
296A ALA 3.4 0.2 - - - -
297A ARG* 1.3 77.5 - - - +
299A LYS* 1.3 65.2 + - - +
301A ARG* 2.9 34.4 + - - +
302A GLY 3.3 6.4 + - - -
303A GLU* 3.3 43.8 + - + +
304A ARG 3.2 21.8 - - - +
305A PHE* 3.8 7.4 - - + -
308A GLU* 3.4 38.7 + - + +
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Residues in contact with LYS 299 (chain A).
Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
Specific contacts
---------------------------
Residue Dist Surf HB Arom Phob DC
----------------------------------------------------------
52A THR* 6.5 1.6 - - - -
64A SER* 3.0 26.5 - - - +
67A TRP* 4.5 16.2 - - + -
94A TYR* 4.7 9.5 - - - -
234A SER* 2.8 30.4 + - - +
237A VAL* 5.5 1.6 - - + -
295A ALA 3.0 14.7 + - - +
296A ALA* 3.2 9.0 - - - +
298A LYS* 1.3 76.6 - - - +
300A ASP* 1.3 59.5 + - - +
302A GLY* 2.9 20.8 + - - -
303A GLU 4.6 0.2 - - - -
305A PHE* 3.6 39.7 - - + -
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Residues in contact with ASP 300 (chain A).
Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
Specific contacts
---------------------------
Residue Dist Surf HB Arom Phob DC
----------------------------------------------------------
63A ASP* 3.4 15.6 - - - +
64A SER* 2.8 48.5 + - - -
65A VAL* 4.0 5.2 + - - +
296A ALA 3.0 8.9 + - - +
297A ARG* 3.0 10.0 + - - +
299A LYS* 1.3 78.4 - - - +
301A ARG* 1.3 58.3 + - + +
302A GLY 3.1 3.7 + - - -
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Residues in contact with ARG 301 (chain A).
Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
Specific contacts
---------------------------
Residue Dist Surf HB Arom Phob DC
----------------------------------------------------------
294A GLU* 5.0 3.8 + - - +
297A ARG* 2.9 35.2 + - + +
298A LYS* 2.9 35.6 + - - +
300A ASP* 1.3 77.3 - - + +
302A GLY* 1.3 62.0 + - - +
303A GLU* 3.2 37.3 + - + +
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A short description of the
analytical approach
The contact analysis used in this page
is based upon the approach
developed in:
Sobolev V., Wade R.C., Vriend G.
and Edelman M. PROTEINS (1996)
25, 120-129.
Contact legitimacy depends on the hydrophobic-hydrophilic
properties of the contacting atoms. In order to
define it, for each inter-atomic contact,
eight atom classes have been introduced:
I Hydrophilic - N and O that can donate and accept hydrogen bonds
(e.g., oxygen of hydroxyl group of Ser. or Thr)
II Acceptor - N or O that can only accept a hydrogen bond
III Donor - N that can only donate a hydrogen bond
IV Hydrophobic - Cl, Br, I and all C atoms that are not in
aromatic rings and do not have a covalent bond to
a N or O atom
V Aromatic - C in aromatic rings irrespective of any other
bonds formed by the atom
VI Neutral - C atoms that have a covalent bond to at least one
atom of class I or two or more atoms from class II
or III; atoms; S, F, P, and metal atoms in all cases
VII Neutral-donor - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only one
atom of class III
VIII Neutral-acceptor - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only
one atom of class II
For each pair of contacts the state of legitimacy
is shown below:
Legend:
+, legitimate
-, illegitimate
------------------------------------------------------------
Atomic class I II III IV V VI VII VIII
------------------------------------------------------------
I (Hydrophilic) + + + - + + + +
II (Acceptor) + - + - + + + -
III (Donor) + + - - + + - +
IV (Hydrophobic) - - - + + + + +
V (Aromatic) + + + + + + + +
VI (Neutral) + + + + + + + +
VII (Neutral-donor) + + - + + + - +
VIII (Neutral-acceptor) + - + + + + + -
------------------------------------------------------------
Warning!
Atom classes for heterogroups are automatically
assigned based on the atomic coordinates. However, in
three cases (see below) the automatic assignment
is currently ambiguous. In these
cases, the user is advised to manually analyse
the full list of contacts using
LPC software.
1. Carbon atoms belonging to a 4-, 5- or 6-member ring are
considered "aromatic" (Class V) if the ring is approximately
planar, and "hydrophobic" (Class IV) or "neutral" (Classes
VI, VII, VIII) if the ring is non-planar.
2. The oxygen atom of a carbonyl or hydroxy group is considered
"hydroxy" (Class I) if the CO bond is longer than 1.29 Å, and
"carbonyl" (Class II) if shorter.
3. All nitrogen atoms are considered "hydrophilic" (Class I).
Please E-mail any
questions and/or suggestions concerning this page to
Vladimir.Sobolev@weizmann.ac.il