Contacts of the helix formed by residues 70 - 92 (chain A) in PDB entry 2F93


Residue contacts within the protein are derived with the CSU software (Sobolev V., Sorokine A., Prilusky J., Abola E.E. and Edelman M. (1999) Automated analysis of interatomic contacts in proteins. Bioinformatics, 15, 327-332). A short description of the analytical approach is given at the end of the page.
For CSU analysis of other PDB entry

Note:
Non-standard 3 letter residue codes indicate a heterogroup. To identify and analyse, use LPC software

Legend:
Dist - nearest distance (Å) between atoms of two residues
Surf - contact surface area (Å2) between two residues
HB   - hydrophilic-hydrophilic contact (hydrogen bond)
Arom - aromatic-aromatic contact
Phob - hydrophobic-hydrophobic contact
DC   - hydrophobic-hydrophilic contact (destabilizing contact)
+/-  - indicates presence/absence of a specific contacts
*    - indicates residues forming contacts  by their side chain
       (including CA atoms)
Residues in contact with ALA 70 (chain A).
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     59A  GLY*     3.1    14.0    +      -       -      +
     61A  VAL*     4.4    13.4    -      -       +      +
     68A  VAL*     4.1     2.0    +      -       -      +
     69A  PHE*     1.3    71.1    -      -       -      +
     71A  PRO*     1.3    72.1    -      -       +      +
     72A  ARG      3.2     0.5    +      -       -      -
     73A  TYR*     3.2    10.5    +      -       -      +
     74A  ILE*     3.0    30.3    +      -       +      +
    113A  PHE*     4.5    14.9    -      -       +      -
    117A  MET*     5.0     8.1    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with PRO 71 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     50A  ALA*     3.7    20.4    -      -       +      +
     53A  VAL*     4.1    12.1    -      -       +      -
     54A  MET*     3.5    29.6    -      -       +      -
     58A  VAL      3.6    12.8    -      -       -      +
     59A  GLY*     3.4    18.2    -      -       -      +
     69A  PHE*     3.4     4.0    -      -       -      -
     70A  ALA*     1.3    93.0    -      -       +      +
     72A  ARG*     1.3    60.9    +      -       -      +
     74A  ILE*     4.0     7.9    -      -       +      +
     75A  ASP*     2.9    26.7    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG 72 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
      8A  PHE*     5.5     1.6    -      -       -      -
     54A  MET*     3.9    16.1    -      -       +      +
     68A  VAL*     6.2     0.6    -      -       -      +
     69A  PHE*     3.1    30.4    +      -       +      +
     70A  ALA      3.1     1.0    -      -       -      -
     71A  PRO*     1.3    79.9    -      -       -      +
     73A  TYR*     1.3    82.8    +      -       +      +
     75A  ASP*     3.2     6.7    -      -       -      +
     76A  TRP*     3.0    70.0    +      -       +      +
    177A  ILE*     5.4     0.6    -      -       -      +
    183A  PRO*     5.1     4.4    -      -       -      +
    193A  ASP*     2.8    39.8    +      -       -      -
    194A  VAL*     3.6    30.1    -      -       -      +
    197A  ILE*     3.8    24.3    -      -       +      +
    201A  ASP*     5.6     0.7    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with TYR 73 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     68A  VAL*     4.3     5.8    -      -       +      +
     69A  PHE      3.2    38.8    +      -       -      -
     70A  ALA*     3.2     3.6    +      -       -      +
     72A  ARG*     1.3    92.6    +      -       -      +
     74A  ILE*     1.3    61.0    +      -       -      +
     76A  TRP*     3.4    38.0    +      +       -      +
     77A  ILE*     2.9    35.6    +      -       -      +
    109A  MET      5.1     1.5    -      -       -      +
    112A  GLY*     4.0    20.6    -      -       -      -
    113A  PHE*     3.4    36.8    -      +       +      -
    116A  ALA*     3.6    19.7    -      -       +      -
    117A  MET*     5.7     1.6    -      -       -      -
    178A  TRP*     4.1     9.3    -      +       -      -
    183A  PRO*     3.2    29.5    -      -       -      +
    301A  RET      5.4     0.2    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 74 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     70A  ALA*     3.0    22.9    +      -       +      +
     71A  PRO*     4.0     6.7    -      -       +      +
     73A  TYR*     1.3    72.8    -      -       -      +
     75A  ASP*     1.3    69.2    +      -       -      +
     77A  ILE*     3.3    13.2    +      -       +      +
     78A  LEU*     3.2    39.0    +      -       +      +
    113A  PHE*     3.7    33.7    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASP 75 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     46A  ILE*     4.7     9.6    -      -       -      -
     47A  ALA*     3.2    33.0    -      -       -      +
     50A  ALA*     3.7    15.5    -      -       +      +
     51A  TYR*     4.7     8.3    -      -       -      -
     54A  MET*     6.0     0.3    -      -       -      +
     71A  PRO      2.9    19.8    +      -       -      +
     72A  ARG*     3.2     8.6    -      -       -      +
     74A  ILE*     1.3    75.9    -      -       -      +
     76A  TRP*     1.3    66.8    +      -       -      +
     78A  LEU*     3.0     4.4    +      -       -      +
     79A  THR*     2.7    51.0    +      -       -      +
    201A  ASP*     4.9     2.3    -      -       -      +
    205A  LYS*     3.6     8.9    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with TRP 76 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     72A  ARG*     3.0    47.8    +      -       +      +
     73A  TYR*     3.6    36.3    -      +       -      +
     74A  ILE      3.3     0.2    -      -       -      -
     75A  ASP*     1.3    90.1    -      -       -      +
     77A  ILE*     1.3    60.2    +      -       -      +
     79A  THR*     3.9     3.4    -      -       -      -
     80A  THR*     2.6    36.6    +      -       +      -
    109A  MET*     4.0    15.5    -      -       +      -
    174A  TYR*     3.5    34.1    -      +       -      -
    178A  TRP*     5.8     0.7    -      +       -      -
    197A  ILE*     4.0    14.1    -      -       +      -
    201A  ASP*     3.6    20.8    +      -       -      -
    205A  LYS*     4.3     0.2    -      -       -      -
    301A  RET      3.7    62.9    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 77 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     73A  TYR      2.9    24.3    +      -       -      +
     74A  ILE*     3.6    15.7    -      -       +      +
     76A  TRP*     1.3    75.3    -      -       -      +
     78A  LEU*     1.3    69.8    +      -       +      +
     81A  PRO*     3.1    20.3    -      -       -      +
    105A  ASN*     5.1     0.2    -      -       -      +
    106A  THR*     5.5    10.7    +      -       +      -
    109A  MET*     3.7    28.2    -      -       +      +
    110A  LEU*     3.8    29.4    -      -       +      +
    113A  PHE*     4.0    28.3    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 78 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     46A  ILE*     4.5    29.0    -      -       +      +
     74A  ILE*     3.3    34.3    -      -       +      +
     75A  ASP      3.0     4.0    +      -       -      +
     77A  ILE*     1.3    89.8    -      -       +      +
     79A  THR*     1.3    58.3    +      -       -      +
     81A  PRO*     3.3    15.0    -      -       -      +
     82A  LEU*     3.5    17.9    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with THR 79 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     43A  ILE*     3.5    29.3    -      -       -      +
     46A  ILE*     3.6    27.4    -      -       +      -
     47A  ALA      4.2     0.4    -      -       -      +
     75A  ASP*     2.7    44.2    +      -       -      +
     76A  TRP*     3.9     1.2    -      -       -      -
     78A  LEU*     1.3    71.6    -      -       -      +
     80A  THR*     1.3    67.4    +      -       -      +
     81A  PRO*     3.2     2.5    -      -       -      -
     82A  LEU*     2.9    19.5    +      -       -      +
     83A  ILE*     3.0    15.1    +      -       -      +
    205A  LYS*     3.2    21.2    +      -       -      -
    301A  RET      3.8     1.4    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with THR 80 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     76A  TRP*     2.6    25.0    +      -       -      +
     79A  THR*     1.3    72.6    +      -       -      +
     81A  PRO*     1.3    66.8    -      -       -      +
     83A  ILE*     3.1     7.6    +      -       -      +
     84A  VAL*     2.9    25.8    +      -       -      +
    105A  ASN*     2.9    22.4    +      -       -      -
    109A  MET*     3.2    21.3    -      -       +      +
    171A  TRP*     3.6    16.4    -      -       +      -
    301A  RET      3.7    45.5    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with PRO 81 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     77A  ILE      3.1    27.6    -      -       -      +
     78A  LEU*     3.3    14.8    -      -       -      +
     79A  THR      3.3     2.2    -      -       -      -
     80A  THR*     1.3    98.3    -      -       -      +
     82A  LEU*     1.3    58.3    +      -       +      -
     84A  VAL*     3.4     1.3    +      -       +      -
     85A  TYR*     2.9    26.7    +      -       -      +
    102A  ILE*     3.5    33.3    -      -       +      +
    105A  ASN*     3.6    14.1    -      -       -      +
    106A  THR*     5.1     4.3    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 82 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     39A  THR*     3.4    20.3    -      -       +      +
     42A  GLY*     4.2    27.6    -      -       -      -
     43A  ILE*     3.5    14.6    -      -       +      +
     46A  ILE*     4.3    13.0    -      -       +      -
     78A  LEU      3.5    20.2    -      -       -      +
     79A  THR*     2.9     9.3    +      -       -      +
     81A  PRO*     1.3    78.1    -      -       +      +
     83A  ILE*     1.3    62.0    +      -       -      +
     85A  TYR*     3.3    16.7    +      -       +      +
     86A  PHE*     2.9    23.0    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 83 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     43A  ILE*     3.7    22.4    -      -       +      -
     79A  THR      3.0    16.5    +      -       -      +
     80A  THR*     3.5     7.4    -      -       -      +
     82A  LEU*     1.3    77.4    -      -       -      +
     84A  VAL*     1.3    58.0    +      -       -      +
     86A  PHE*     3.2     6.0    +      -       -      +
     87A  LEU*     2.9    34.8    +      -       +      +
    167A  THR*     4.5     2.7    -      -       -      +
    171A  TRP*     3.8    30.1    -      -       +      +
    204A  THR      3.9    19.7    -      -       -      +
    205A  LYS*     4.3     6.3    -      -       +      -
    208A  PHE*     3.9    28.5    -      -       +      -
    301A  RET      4.0    24.7    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 84 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     80A  THR      2.9    19.4    +      -       -      +
     81A  PRO*     3.7     4.9    -      -       +      +
     83A  ILE*     1.3    78.3    -      -       +      +
     85A  TYR*     1.3    50.4    +      -       -      +
     87A  LEU*     3.3    11.6    +      -       +      +
     88A  GLY*     2.7    31.5    +      -       -      -
     98A  PHE*     4.6     0.7    -      -       -      -
    101A  VAL*     3.6    38.1    -      -       +      +
    102A  ILE*     4.1    11.9    -      -       +      -
    105A  ASN*     3.6    24.7    -      -       +      +
    137A  LEU*     4.6    11.2    -      -       +      -
    141A  LEU*     5.3     4.7    -      -       +      -
    145A  MET*     4.6     6.6    -      -       +      +
    171A  TRP*     4.0    12.3    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with TYR 85 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     35A  ARG*     2.9    40.6    +      -       -      -
     39A  THR*     3.7    25.4    -      -       +      -
     81A  PRO      2.9    17.9    +      -       -      +
     82A  LEU*     3.4    17.0    -      -       +      +
     84A  VAL*     1.3    75.1    -      -       -      +
     86A  PHE*     1.3    55.2    +      -       -      +
     88A  GLY*     3.1     1.2    +      -       -      -
     89A  LEU*     2.8    70.8    +      -       +      +
     98A  PHE*     3.7    28.5    -      +       -      -
    102A  ILE*     4.9     5.4    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with PHE 86 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     36A  TYR*     3.5    48.2    -      +       +      -
     39A  THR*     4.1    12.8    -      -       +      -
     40A  LEU*     3.6    22.7    -      -       +      -
     43A  ILE*     4.9     0.9    -      -       +      -
     82A  LEU      2.9    13.4    +      -       -      +
     83A  ILE*     3.4    11.4    -      -       -      +
     85A  TYR*     1.3    78.1    -      -       -      +
     87A  LEU*     1.3    63.2    +      -       -      +
     89A  LEU*     3.2    11.7    +      -       +      +
     90A  LEU*     3.1    36.1    +      -       +      +
    159A  LEU*     5.3     0.7    -      -       +      -
    163A  LEU*     3.6    23.6    -      -       +      -
    208A  PHE*     3.7    18.6    -      +       +      -
    212A  ALA*     3.8    22.2    -      -       +      -
    300A  BOG      4.3     7.6    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 87 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     83A  ILE*     2.9    23.6    +      -       +      +
     84A  VAL*     3.6    12.3    -      -       +      +
     86A  PHE*     1.3    76.9    -      -       -      +
     88A  GLY*     1.3    57.3    +      -       -      +
     90A  LEU*     3.3     4.2    +      -       +      +
     91A  ALA*     3.0    23.0    +      -       -      +
    141A  LEU*     3.9    21.1    -      -       +      -
    145A  MET*     4.0     8.5    -      -       +      -
    160A  TYR*     3.5    30.7    -      -       +      -
    163A  LEU*     3.7    38.6    -      -       +      +
    164A  ARG*     4.2     4.9    -      -       -      +
    167A  THR*     3.9    28.9    -      -       +      +
    208A  PHE*     4.0    10.3    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLY 88 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     84A  VAL      2.7    16.7    +      -       -      -
     85A  TYR      3.1     0.2    +      -       -      -
     87A  LEU*     1.3    71.7    -      -       -      +
     89A  LEU*     1.3    57.7    +      -       -      +
     91A  ALA*     3.3     0.7    +      -       -      -
     92A  GLY      3.0    23.0    +      -       -      -
     93A  LEU*     3.2    30.5    +      -       -      +
     98A  PHE*     3.4    22.9    -      -       -      -
    145A  MET*     3.9     3.5    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 89 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     35A  ARG*     4.3    24.5    -      -       +      -
     36A  TYR*     3.1    34.1    +      -       +      +
     39A  THR*     4.6     4.0    -      -       -      +
     85A  TYR*     2.8    65.0    +      -       +      +
     86A  PHE*     3.5     6.5    -      -       -      +
     88A  GLY*     1.3    72.7    -      -       -      +
     90A  LEU*     1.3    63.3    +      -       -      +
     92A  GLY*     3.2     8.2    +      -       -      -
     98A  PHE*     3.6    10.3    -      -       +      -
    152A  ARG*     3.0    15.9    +      -       -      -
    300A  BOG      4.3    14.2    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 90 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     36A  TYR*     3.7    23.1    -      -       +      +
     86A  PHE*     3.1    20.6    +      -       +      +
     87A  LEU*     3.6     9.9    -      -       +      +
     89A  LEU*     1.3    78.6    -      -       -      +
     91A  ALA*     1.3    59.0    +      -       -      +
    149A  ALA*     4.7     1.1    -      -       -      -
    152A  ARG*     3.0    27.9    +      -       -      +
    156A  ILE*     3.2    26.9    -      -       +      +
    159A  LEU*     3.9    21.5    -      -       +      -
    160A  TYR*     4.1    23.1    -      -       +      +
    163A  LEU*     3.7    29.8    -      -       +      -
    219A  LEU*     5.3     0.2    -      -       +      -
    300A  BOG      4.1    19.3    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 91 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     87A  LEU      3.0    17.3    +      -       -      +
     88A  GLY*     3.8     5.4    -      -       -      +
     89A  LEU      3.3     0.4    -      -       -      -
     90A  LEU*     1.3    76.0    -      -       -      +
     92A  GLY*     1.3    55.5    +      -       -      +
     93A  LEU*     4.2    15.0    -      -       +      -
    145A  MET*     3.4    25.4    -      -       +      +
    148A  SER*     2.6    37.6    +      -       -      +
    149A  ALA*     3.8    10.8    -      -       +      -
    152A  ARG*     4.1     3.0    -      -       -      +
    160A  TYR*     4.0    10.9    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLY 92 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     88A  GLY      3.0     5.7    +      -       -      -
     89A  LEU*     3.2     8.4    +      -       -      -
     90A  LEU      3.2     4.4    -      -       -      -
     91A  ALA*     1.3    79.2    -      -       -      +
     93A  LEU*     1.3    66.4    +      -       -      +
     94A  ASP      3.9     0.5    +      -       -      -
     97A  GLU*     4.4     1.2    -      -       -      +
    148A  SER*     3.7     6.8    +      -       -      -
    152A  ARG*     4.3    13.0    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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A short description of the analytical approach
The contact analysis used in this page is based upon the approach developed in: Sobolev V., Wade R.C., Vriend G. and Edelman M. PROTEINS (1996) 25, 120-129. Contact legitimacy depends on the hydrophobic-hydrophilic properties of the contacting atoms. In order to define it, for each inter-atomic contact, eight atom classes have been introduced:


   I  Hydrophilic      - N and O that can donate and accept hydrogen bonds
                         (e.g., oxygen of hydroxyl group of Ser. or Thr)
  II  Acceptor         - N or O that can only accept a hydrogen bond
 III  Donor            - N that can only donate a hydrogen bond
  IV  Hydrophobic      - Cl, Br, I and all C atoms that are not in
                         aromatic rings and do not have a covalent bond to
                         a N or O atom
   V  Aromatic         - C in aromatic rings irrespective of any other 
                         bonds formed by the atom
  VI  Neutral          - C atoms that have a covalent bond to at least one
                         atom of class I or two or more atoms from class II
                         or III; atoms; S, F, P, and metal atoms in all cases
 VII  Neutral-donor    - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only one
                         atom of class III
VIII  Neutral-acceptor - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only 
                         one atom of class II
For each pair of contacts the state of legitimacy is shown below:

Legend:
+, legitimate
-, illegitimate
------------------------------------------------------------
  Atomic class           I  II  III   IV   V   VI  VII  VIII
------------------------------------------------------------
   I  (Hydrophilic)      +   +    +    -   +   +    +    +
  II  (Acceptor)         +   -    +    -   +   +    +    -
 III  (Donor)            +   +    -    -   +   +    -    +
  IV  (Hydrophobic)      -   -    -    +   +   +    +    +
   V  (Aromatic)         +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
  VI  (Neutral)          +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
 VII  (Neutral-donor)    +   +    -    +   +   +    -    +
VIII  (Neutral-acceptor) +   -    +    +   +   +    +    -
------------------------------------------------------------
Warning!
Atom classes for heterogroups are automatically assigned based on the atomic coordinates. However, in three cases (see below) the automatic assignment is currently ambiguous. In these cases, the user is advised to manually analyse the full list of contacts using LPC software.
1. Carbon atoms belonging to a 4-, 5- or 6-member ring are 
   considered "aromatic" (Class V) if the ring is approximately
   planar, and "hydrophobic" (Class IV) or "neutral" (Classes
   VI, VII, VIII) if the ring is non-planar.
2. The oxygen atom of a carbonyl or hydroxy group is considered
   "hydroxy" (Class I) if the CO bond is longer than 1.29 Å, and
   "carbonyl" (Class II) if shorter.
3. All nitrogen atoms are considered "hydrophilic" (Class I).

Please E-mail any questions and/or suggestions concerning this page to Vladimir.Sobolev@weizmann.ac.il