Contacts of the helix formed by residues 54 - 76 (chain E) in PDB entry 2I2X


Residue contacts within the protein are derived with the CSU software (Sobolev V., Sorokine A., Prilusky J., Abola E.E. and Edelman M. (1999) Automated analysis of interatomic contacts in proteins. Bioinformatics, 15, 327-332). A short description of the analytical approach is given at the end of the page.
For CSU analysis of other PDB entry

Note:
Non-standard 3 letter residue codes indicate a heterogroup. To identify and analyse, use LPC software

Legend:
Dist - nearest distance (Å) between atoms of two residues
Surf - contact surface area (Å2) between two residues
HB   - hydrophilic-hydrophilic contact (hydrogen bond)
Arom - aromatic-aromatic contact
Phob - hydrophobic-hydrophobic contact
DC   - hydrophobic-hydrophilic contact (destabilizing contact)
+/-  - indicates presence/absence of a specific contacts
*    - indicates residues forming contacts  by their side chain
       (including CA atoms)
Residues in contact with SER 54 (chain E).
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     51E  ALA      3.7     4.3    -      -       -      +
     53E  ALA*     1.3    86.2    -      -       -      +
     55E  LYS*     1.3    63.1    +      -       -      +
     56E  GLU*     3.7    16.8    +      -       -      +
     57E  LYS*     3.3    35.4    +      -       -      +
     58E  LEU*     3.5    16.3    +      -       -      +
     97E  TRP*     4.5     1.3    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with LYS 55 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     53E  ALA      3.7     0.4    +      -       -      -
     54E  SER*     1.3    71.9    -      -       -      +
     56E  GLU*     1.3    80.9    +      -       -      +
     58E  LEU*     3.4     5.0    -      -       +      +
     59E  ILE*     3.1    41.7    +      -       +      +
     96E  SER*     5.6     0.9    +      -       -      +
     97E  TRP*     3.4    70.4    -      -       +      +
    100E  GLU*     3.1    38.4    +      -       +      +
    101E  VAL*     6.5     0.4    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with GLU 56 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     54E  SER*     3.2    17.6    -      -       -      +
     55E  LYS*     1.3    99.3    +      -       -      +
     57E  LYS*     1.3    55.9    +      -       +      +
     59E  ILE*     3.0    16.6    +      -       +      +
     60E  LYS*     2.8    35.3    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with LYS 57 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     50E  GLU*     4.4     7.2    -      -       +      +
     51E  ALA*     3.5    18.1    -      -       -      +
     53E  ALA*     4.4    19.8    -      -       +      +
     54E  SER*     3.3    24.8    +      -       -      +
     55E  LYS      3.5     0.2    -      -       -      -
     56E  GLU*     1.3    77.0    -      -       +      +
     58E  LEU*     1.3    56.4    +      -       -      +
     60E  LYS*     3.7     6.8    +      -       -      +
     61E  GLU*     3.2    27.0    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with LEU 58 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     47E  PRO*     4.1    24.9    -      -       +      -
     51E  ALA      3.1    29.8    +      -       -      +
     52E  GLY*     3.8     9.9    -      -       -      -
     54E  SER      3.5     4.8    +      -       -      +
     55E  LYS*     3.4    10.1    -      -       +      +
     56E  GLU      3.1     0.2    -      -       -      -
     57E  LYS*     1.3    73.2    -      -       -      +
     59E  ILE*     1.3    66.5    +      -       -      +
     61E  GLU*     3.2     5.6    +      -       -      +
     62E  TYR*     3.0    39.4    +      -       +      -
     88E  VAL*     4.4     7.9    -      -       +      -
     90E  GLN*     4.3     7.4    -      -       +      +
     91E  MET*     3.7    23.1    -      -       +      -
     97E  TRP*     3.7    31.6    -      -       +      -
    101E  VAL*     4.9     5.6    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with ILE 59 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     55E  LYS*     3.1    45.9    +      -       +      +
     56E  GLU*     3.0    15.0    +      -       +      +
     58E  LEU*     1.3    78.6    -      -       -      +
     60E  LYS*     1.3    57.6    +      -       -      +
     62E  TYR*     3.1     9.5    +      -       -      +
     63E  GLU*     3.0    44.2    +      -       -      +
     97E  TRP      5.3     0.2    -      -       -      +
    100E  GLU*     4.1    15.9    -      -       +      +
    101E  VAL*     4.6    24.4    -      -       +      +
    104E  ALA*     4.1    13.5    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with LYS 60 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     56E  GLU      2.8    17.5    +      -       -      +
     57E  LYS*     4.0     7.9    -      -       -      +
     59E  ILE*     1.3    69.9    -      -       +      +
     61E  GLU*     1.3    61.5    +      -       -      +
     63E  GLU*     3.1    28.2    +      -       +      +
     64E  ARG*     2.9    47.6    +      -       -      +
    257H  LYS*     3.2    27.9    +      -       -      +
    258H  HIS*     2.7    37.4    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with GLU 61 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     47E  PRO*     3.5    26.0    -      -       +      -
     48E  ARG*     2.9    61.9    +      -       -      +
     51E  ALA*     3.6    14.6    -      -       +      +
     57E  LYS      3.2    12.9    +      -       -      +
     58E  LEU*     3.3     9.9    -      -       -      +
     60E  LYS*     1.3    78.2    -      -       -      +
     62E  TYR*     1.3    56.9    +      -       +      +
     64E  ARG*     3.4    10.5    +      -       -      +
     65E  ILE*     3.1    36.2    +      -       +      +
    317E  TYR*     3.6    13.8    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with TYR 62 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     45E  TYR*     4.0    22.8    +      +       -      -
     47E  PRO*     3.4    29.7    -      -       +      +
     58E  LEU*     3.0    39.4    +      -       +      -
     59E  ILE*     3.1     7.1    +      -       -      +
     61E  GLU*     1.3    73.9    -      -       +      +
     63E  GLU*     1.3    56.7    +      -       -      +
     65E  ILE*     3.4    18.0    +      -       +      +
     66E  THR*     2.7    38.0    +      -       -      -
     85E  THR*     3.7    20.4    -      -       +      +
     86E  GLU      4.2     7.4    +      -       -      -
     88E  VAL*     4.5     1.6    -      -       -      +
     91E  MET*     3.5    33.5    -      -       -      -
    101E  VAL*     3.5    33.0    -      -       +      +
    104E  ALA*     5.8     0.7    -      -       +      -
    105E  GLN*     4.3    12.5    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with GLU 63 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     59E  ILE*     3.0    26.2    +      -       -      +
     60E  LYS*     3.4    38.4    +      -       +      +
     62E  TYR*     1.3    76.9    -      -       -      +
     64E  ARG*     1.3    55.0    +      -       -      +
     66E  THR*     3.5     1.1    +      -       -      -
     67E  THR*     2.7    38.5    +      -       -      +
    104E  ALA*     3.9    24.3    -      -       +      +
    108E  ILE*     3.7    26.8    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with ARG 64 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     48E  ARG*     4.4     8.1    -      -       -      +
     60E  LYS*     2.9    34.7    +      -       +      +
     61E  GLU*     3.6    23.6    -      -       -      +
     62E  TYR      3.3     0.2    -      -       -      -
     63E  GLU*     1.3    76.2    -      -       -      +
     65E  ILE*     1.3    62.8    +      -       -      +
     67E  THR*     3.9     4.0    -      -       -      -
     68E  ASP*     3.0    30.8    +      -       -      +
    317E  TYR*     3.6    23.1    +      -       +      +
    215H  ASN*     5.1     1.6    -      -       -      +
    216H  GLN*     3.1    27.7    -      -       -      +
    217H  ASP*     3.2    32.5    +      -       -      -
    257H  LYS      5.3     0.2    -      -       -      -
    258H  HIS*     2.9    35.1    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with ILE 65 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     45E  TYR*     3.8    47.6    -      -       +      -
     46E  ALA      4.8     0.2    -      -       -      +
     47E  PRO*     4.7     5.4    -      -       +      -
     61E  GLU*     3.1    25.2    +      -       +      +
     62E  TYR*     3.6    27.4    -      -       +      +
     64E  ARG*     1.3    76.1    -      -       -      +
     66E  THR*     1.3    58.6    +      -       -      +
     68E  ASP*     3.1     5.0    +      -       -      +
     69E  VAL*     2.9    31.9    +      -       +      +
     83E  LEU*     5.2     0.7    -      -       +      -
    105E  GLN*     5.4     0.2    -      -       -      +
    317E  TYR*     3.6    43.5    -      -       +      -
    326E  VAL*     4.1    10.3    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with THR 66 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     62E  TYR      2.7    21.8    +      -       -      -
     63E  GLU*     3.9     4.7    -      -       -      -
     65E  ILE*     1.3    72.1    -      -       -      +
     67E  THR*     1.3    66.7    +      -       -      +
     69E  VAL*     3.5     1.0    +      -       -      +
     70E  MET*     3.1    33.0    +      -       +      +
     83E  LEU*     4.0    17.7    -      -       +      +
    105E  GLN*     3.2    52.0    +      -       -      +
    108E  ILE*     4.1    11.9    -      -       +      -
    109E  MET*     3.8    19.1    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with THR 67 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     63E  GLU      2.7    23.6    +      -       -      -
     64E  ARG*     3.9     5.5    -      -       -      -
     66E  THR*     1.3    75.4    -      -       -      +
     68E  ASP*     1.3    63.8    +      -       -      +
     70E  MET*     3.9     0.9    -      -       -      +
     71E  GLU*     2.8    37.8    +      -       +      +
    108E  ILE*     3.8    22.3    -      -       +      +
    112E  TYR*     3.9    19.7    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with ASP 68 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     64E  ARG*     3.0    17.5    +      -       -      +
     65E  ILE      3.1     4.7    +      -       -      +
     67E  THR*     1.3    82.0    -      -       -      +
     69E  VAL*     1.3    62.3    +      -       -      +
     71E  GLU*     3.7     1.1    -      -       -      +
     72E  ARG*     3.1    17.3    +      -       -      +
    317E  TYR*     2.6    34.8    +      -       -      -
    324E  THR*     3.3    16.0    +      -       +      -
    326E  VAL*     4.0     2.0    -      -       +      -
    327E  GLN*     3.3    42.2    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with VAL 69 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     43E  ILE*     3.8    33.2    -      -       +      -
     65E  ILE*     2.9    27.5    +      -       +      +
     66E  THR      3.9     0.4    -      -       -      +
     68E  ASP*     1.3    71.9    -      -       -      +
     70E  MET*     1.3    64.7    +      -       -      +
     72E  ARG*     3.1    13.4    +      -       -      +
     73E  MET*     3.2    18.8    +      -       +      +
     81E  ILE*     3.9    22.0    -      -       +      -
     83E  LEU*     3.9    21.8    -      -       +      -
    326E  VAL*     3.8    26.7    -      -       +      +
    327E  GLN*     5.0     0.9    -      -       -      -
    330E  SER*     4.5     9.0    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with MET 70 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     66E  THR*     3.1    26.9    +      -       +      +
     69E  VAL*     1.3    75.8    -      -       -      +
     71E  GLU*     1.3    62.9    +      -       -      +
     73E  MET*     3.3     6.0    +      -       -      +
     74E  VAL*     3.2    27.4    +      -       -      +
     81E  ILE*     3.9    29.2    -      -       +      -
     83E  LEU*     4.0    17.7    -      -       -      -
    109E  MET*     4.5    10.5    -      -       -      +
    112E  TYR*     3.5    50.7    -      -       +      -
    118E  ILE*     3.8    24.0    -      -       +      -
    120E  CYS*     4.3    13.5    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with GLU 71 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     67E  THR*     2.8    26.8    +      -       +      +
     68E  ASP*     3.7     7.0    -      -       -      +
     70E  MET*     1.3    73.9    -      -       -      +
     72E  ARG*     1.3    61.6    +      -       -      +
     74E  VAL*     3.4     7.6    -      -       -      +
     75E  GLN*     3.1    55.0    +      -       +      +
    112E  TYR*     2.6    34.6    +      -       -      +
    116E  TYR*     5.1     3.6    +      -       -      -
    327E  GLN*     4.6     7.6    -      -       -      +
    234G  LEU*     4.9     3.5    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with ARG 72 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     68E  ASP      3.1    12.8    +      -       -      +
     69E  VAL      3.1     5.6    +      -       -      +
     71E  GLU*     1.3    80.2    -      -       -      +
     73E  MET*     1.3    63.5    +      -       -      +
     75E  GLN*     3.3     6.5    +      -       -      +
     76E  VAL*     3.2    27.5    +      -       +      +
     78E  PHE*     4.5     0.8    -      -       +      -
    322E  GLY      2.6    30.5    +      -       -      -
    323E  GLY*     4.9     0.4    -      -       -      -
    327E  GLN*     3.1    72.7    +      -       +      +
    328E  CYS*     4.7     1.4    -      -       -      +
    330E  SER*     4.7     5.2    -      -       -      +
    331E  GLU*     2.8    31.4    +      -       +      +
    292G  THR*     4.7     6.1    +      -       -      -
    295G  HIS      4.7     0.2    -      -       -      -
    296G  SER*     3.6    25.5    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with MET 73 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     41E  PRO*     4.0     3.1    -      -       +      -
     69E  VAL*     3.2    15.9    +      -       +      +
     70E  MET*     3.7     4.5    -      -       -      +
     71E  GLU      3.3     0.2    -      -       -      -
     72E  ARG*     1.3    79.4    -      -       -      +
     74E  VAL*     1.3    58.2    +      -       -      +
     76E  VAL      3.8     0.3    -      -       -      -
     77E  GLY      3.1     8.7    +      -       -      -
     78E  PHE*     3.0    47.3    +      -       +      -
     80E  ALA      3.3    25.8    -      -       -      +
     81E  ILE*     3.4    30.3    -      -       +      -
    118E  ILE*     3.6    19.3    -      -       +      -
    330E  SER*     4.1    24.7    -      -       -      +
    331E  GLU*     5.1     0.7    -      -       -      -
    334E  ALA*     3.5    27.1    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with VAL 74 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     70E  MET      3.2    12.7    +      -       -      +
     71E  GLU*     3.4    19.7    -      -       -      +
     73E  MET*     1.3    76.1    -      -       -      +
     75E  GLN*     1.3    61.9    +      -       +      +
     77E  GLY*     3.5     2.9    +      -       -      -
    112E  TYR*     4.3     8.1    -      -       +      -
    116E  TYR*     3.9    40.4    -      -       +      +
    118E  ILE*     4.1    19.5    -      -       +      -
    233G  LEU*     4.2     5.5    -      -       -      +
    234G  LEU*     3.6    28.5    -      -       +      +
     16H  TYR*     3.4    33.6    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with GLN 75 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     71E  GLU*     3.1    49.6    +      -       +      +
     72E  ARG*     3.7    11.4    -      -       -      +
     73E  MET      3.2     0.6    -      -       -      -
     74E  VAL*     1.3    79.8    -      -       -      +
     76E  VAL*     1.3    61.8    +      -       +      +
     77E  GLY      3.3     0.9    -      -       -      -
    232G  GLY*     3.1    24.6    +      -       -      -
    233G  LEU*     2.8    32.2    +      -       -      +
    234G  LEU*     3.0    45.5    +      -       +      +
    235G  ASN*     3.8    13.9    +      -       -      +
    296G  SER*     6.0     0.4    -      -       -      +
    298G  VAL*     5.5     0.9    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with VAL 76 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     72E  ARG*     3.2    19.2    +      -       -      +
     75E  GLN*     1.3    81.4    -      -       +      +
     77E  GLY*     1.3    56.3    +      -       -      +
     78E  PHE*     3.4    29.1    +      -       +      -
    331E  GLU*     3.6    12.6    -      -       -      +
    335E  TYR*     3.1    29.6    -      -       +      +
    233G  LEU*     3.7     5.6    -      -       -      -
    296G  SER*     3.5    24.2    -      -       -      +
    297G  ASP      3.6     8.1    -      -       -      +
    298G  VAL*     4.6     5.4    -      -       +      -
    363G  ARG*     3.2    28.4    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page


A short description of the analytical approach
The contact analysis used in this page is based upon the approach developed in: Sobolev V., Wade R.C., Vriend G. and Edelman M. PROTEINS (1996) 25, 120-129. Contact legitimacy depends on the hydrophobic-hydrophilic properties of the contacting atoms. In order to define it, for each inter-atomic contact, eight atom classes have been introduced:


   I  Hydrophilic      - N and O that can donate and accept hydrogen bonds
                         (e.g., oxygen of hydroxyl group of Ser. or Thr)
  II  Acceptor         - N or O that can only accept a hydrogen bond
 III  Donor            - N that can only donate a hydrogen bond
  IV  Hydrophobic      - Cl, Br, I and all C atoms that are not in
                         aromatic rings and do not have a covalent bond to
                         a N or O atom
   V  Aromatic         - C in aromatic rings irrespective of any other 
                         bonds formed by the atom
  VI  Neutral          - C atoms that have a covalent bond to at least one
                         atom of class I or two or more atoms from class II
                         or III; atoms; S, F, P, and metal atoms in all cases
 VII  Neutral-donor    - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only one
                         atom of class III
VIII  Neutral-acceptor - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only 
                         one atom of class II
For each pair of contacts the state of legitimacy is shown below:

Legend:
+, legitimate
-, illegitimate
------------------------------------------------------------
  Atomic class           I  II  III   IV   V   VI  VII  VIII
------------------------------------------------------------
   I  (Hydrophilic)      +   +    +    -   +   +    +    +
  II  (Acceptor)         +   -    +    -   +   +    +    -
 III  (Donor)            +   +    -    -   +   +    -    +
  IV  (Hydrophobic)      -   -    -    +   +   +    +    +
   V  (Aromatic)         +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
  VI  (Neutral)          +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
 VII  (Neutral-donor)    +   +    -    +   +   +    -    +
VIII  (Neutral-acceptor) +   -    +    +   +   +    +    -
------------------------------------------------------------
Warning!
Atom classes for heterogroups are automatically assigned based on the atomic coordinates. However, in three cases (see below) the automatic assignment is currently ambiguous. In these cases, the user is advised to manually analyse the full list of contacts using LPC software.
1. Carbon atoms belonging to a 4-, 5- or 6-member ring are 
   considered "aromatic" (Class V) if the ring is approximately
   planar, and "hydrophobic" (Class IV) or "neutral" (Classes
   VI, VII, VIII) if the ring is non-planar.
2. The oxygen atom of a carbonyl or hydroxy group is considered
   "hydroxy" (Class I) if the CO bond is longer than 1.29 Å, and
   "carbonyl" (Class II) if shorter.
3. All nitrogen atoms are considered "hydrophilic" (Class I).

Please E-mail any questions and/or suggestions concerning this page to Vladimir.Sobolev@weizmann.ac.il