Contacts of the helix formed by residues 332 - 355 (chain A) in PDB entry 2VXO


Residue contacts within the protein are derived with the CSU software (Sobolev V., Sorokine A., Prilusky J., Abola E.E. and Edelman M. (1999) Automated analysis of interatomic contacts in proteins. Bioinformatics, 15, 327-332). A short description of the analytical approach is given at the end of the page.
For CSU analysis of other PDB entry

Note:
Non-standard 3 letter residue codes indicate a heterogroup. To identify and analyse, use LPC software

Legend:
Dist - nearest distance (Å) between atoms of two residues
Surf - contact surface area (Å2) between two residues
HB   - hydrophilic-hydrophilic contact (hydrogen bond)
Arom - aromatic-aromatic contact
Phob - hydrophobic-hydrophobic contact
DC   - hydrophobic-hydrophilic contact (destabilizing contact)
+/-  - indicates presence/absence of a specific contacts
*    - indicates residues forming contacts  by their side chain
       (including CA atoms)
Residues in contact with SER 332 (chain A).
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    330A  THR*     3.4     3.2    -      -       -      +
    331A  THR*     1.3    80.3    +      -       -      +
    333A  PRO*     1.3    59.7    -      -       -      +
    334A  GLU*     3.5     9.4    +      -       -      +
    335A  GLU*     3.0    43.4    +      -       -      +
    336A  LYS*     2.8    36.1    +      -       -      +
    515A  LYS*     6.3     0.9    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with PRO 333 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    331A  THR      3.3     7.6    -      -       -      +
    332A  SER*     1.3    82.1    -      -       -      +
    334A  GLU*     1.3    66.6    +      -       +      +
    336A  LYS*     3.3    14.8    +      -       +      +
    337A  ARG*     3.1    32.8    +      -       -      +
    445A  ILE*     5.1     1.2    -      -       +      +
    515A  LYS*     6.0     6.1    -      -       -      +
    526A  TYR*     3.3    42.8    -      -       +      +
    693A  GLU*     3.7    39.5    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 334 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    332A  SER*     3.3     7.9    +      -       -      +
    333A  PRO*     1.3    76.9    -      -       +      +
    335A  GLU*     1.3    64.5    +      -       +      +
    337A  ARG*     3.2     4.4    +      -       -      +
    338A  LYS*     3.1    23.1    +      -       -      +
    381A  ALA*     3.7    35.0    -      -       +      +
    382A  SER*     5.7     3.5    -      -       -      -
    524A  ARG*     6.3     0.4    -      -       -      +
    526A  TYR*     4.6    17.6    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 335 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    310A  LEU*     3.6    44.2    -      -       +      +
    324A  SER*     4.9     0.5    -      -       -      -
    325A  LYS*     4.8    21.5    +      -       -      -
    330A  THR*     3.6    18.6    +      -       +      +
    332A  SER*     3.0    29.7    +      -       -      +
    334A  GLU*     1.3    75.4    -      -       +      +
    336A  LYS*     1.3    65.6    +      -       -      +
    337A  ARG      3.3     0.2    +      -       -      -
    338A  LYS*     3.4     1.4    +      -       -      +
    339A  ILE*     3.0    35.9    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LYS 336 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    327A  LEU*     3.7    20.2    -      -       +      -
    330A  THR*     4.1    11.0    -      -       +      +
    331A  THR      4.0    20.0    -      -       -      -
    332A  SER      2.8    20.4    +      -       -      +
    333A  PRO*     3.5     9.4    -      -       +      +
    334A  GLU      3.3     0.2    -      -       -      -
    335A  GLU*     1.3    74.1    -      -       -      +
    337A  ARG*     1.3    61.2    +      -       -      +
    339A  ILE*     3.9     0.7    -      -       -      +
    340A  ILE*     3.1    36.7    +      -       +      +
    444A  ALA      2.8    26.8    +      -       -      +
    445A  ILE*     4.8     7.4    -      -       +      +
    447A  VAL      2.7    29.1    +      -       -      -
    449A  CYS*     3.5    19.2    -      -       -      -
    580A  LEU*     3.8    11.6    -      -       +      +
    693A  GLU*     2.9    19.4    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG 337 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    333A  PRO*     3.1    25.5    +      -       -      +
    334A  GLU*     3.2     7.3    +      -       -      +
    336A  LYS*     1.3    77.3    -      -       -      +
    338A  LYS*     1.3    54.0    +      -       -      +
    340A  ILE*     3.5     5.0    +      -       -      +
    341A  GLY*     2.7    33.3    +      -       -      -
    380A  VAL*     3.7    21.7    -      -       -      +
    381A  ALA      3.3    18.2    +      -       -      +
    382A  SER      3.4    23.6    +      -       -      -
    441A  PRO*     4.3    11.7    -      -       +      -
    445A  ILE*     3.7    22.0    -      -       +      +
    524A  ARG*     3.9     4.9    -      -       -      +
    526A  TYR*     4.3     0.4    +      -       -      -
    693A  GLU*     2.8    43.4    +      -       -      -
   1694A  XMP      2.9    45.5    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LYS 338 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    308A  THR*     3.9     3.8    +      -       +      -
    309A  THR*     2.5    32.1    +      -       -      +
    310A  LEU*     3.9    10.5    -      -       +      -
    311A  PRO*     3.7    29.6    -      -       +      -
    334A  GLU      3.1    15.3    +      -       -      +
    335A  GLU      4.0     2.9    -      -       -      +
    337A  ARG*     1.3    74.8    -      -       -      +
    339A  ILE*     1.3    56.2    +      -       -      +
    341A  GLY*     4.4     1.1    -      -       -      +
    342A  ASP*     2.7    71.4    +      -       -      +
    377A  ALA*     6.5     0.9    -      -       -      -
    380A  VAL*     5.3     9.0    -      -       +      -
    381A  ALA*     5.3     8.4    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 339 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    303A  PHE*     4.6     0.7    -      -       -      +
    306A  GLY*     3.5    33.7    -      -       -      +
    307A  THR      3.9     2.2    -      -       -      +
    308A  THR*     3.8    17.7    -      -       +      +
    310A  LEU*     5.5     0.2    -      -       +      -
    324A  SER*     3.5    29.8    -      -       -      +
    325A  LYS      3.6    11.7    -      -       -      +
    327A  LEU*     4.0    26.2    -      -       +      -
    330A  THR*     3.7    16.4    -      -       -      +
    335A  GLU*     3.0    26.0    +      -       +      +
    336A  LYS      3.9     3.6    -      -       -      +
    338A  LYS*     1.3    75.1    -      -       -      +
    340A  ILE*     1.3    57.6    +      -       -      +
    342A  ASP*     3.8     0.9    -      -       -      +
    343A  THR*     2.7    37.7    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 340 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    272A  ASN*     4.3     9.2    -      -       -      +
    274A  PHE*     4.1     4.9    -      -       +      -
    303A  PHE*     3.7    26.5    -      -       +      -
    327A  LEU*     3.7    25.1    -      -       +      -
    336A  LYS*     3.1    22.5    +      -       +      +
    337A  ARG*     3.9     3.1    -      -       -      +
    339A  ILE*     1.3    74.3    -      -       -      +
    341A  GLY*     1.3    64.9    +      -       -      +
    344A  PHE*     3.0    25.7    +      -       +      +
    440A  GLY      4.9     1.3    -      -       -      +
    441A  PRO*     3.8    32.5    -      -       +      +
    444A  ALA*     3.5    31.4    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLY 341 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    337A  ARG      2.7    22.6    +      -       -      -
    338A  LYS*     3.6     1.3    -      -       -      -
    340A  ILE*     1.3    75.0    -      -       -      +
    342A  ASP*     1.3    63.0    +      -       -      +
    344A  PHE*     3.4     1.7    +      -       -      +
    345A  VAL*     3.2    29.5    +      -       -      +
    380A  VAL*     5.0     2.5    -      -       -      -
    387A  LEU*     3.8    30.9    -      -       -      +
    392A  HIS*     4.8     1.3    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASP 342 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    308A  THR*     2.5    34.1    +      -       -      +
    338A  LYS*     2.7    48.9    +      -       -      +
    339A  ILE      3.9     1.8    -      -       -      +
    341A  GLY*     1.3    72.1    -      -       -      -
    343A  THR*     1.3    60.5    +      -       -      +
    345A  VAL*     3.6     1.9    +      -       -      +
    346A  LYS*     3.2    37.6    +      -       +      +
    380A  VAL*     6.0     1.4    -      -       -      +
    392A  HIS*     3.4    29.8    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with THR 343 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    302A  SER*     3.6    23.3    -      -       -      +
    303A  PHE*     3.9    17.5    -      -       +      -
    306A  GLY*     4.1     7.3    -      -       -      -
    307A  THR      4.5     3.5    +      -       -      -
    308A  THR*     5.9     0.2    -      -       -      -
    339A  ILE*     2.7    34.5    +      -       -      +
    340A  ILE      3.9     2.5    -      -       -      -
    342A  ASP*     1.3    73.5    -      -       -      +
    344A  PHE*     1.3    66.7    +      -       -      +
    346A  LYS*     3.4    16.7    +      -       -      +
    347A  ILE*     3.0    48.9    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with PHE 344 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    242A  LEU*     3.9    38.4    -      -       +      -
    244A  SER*     6.5     0.4    -      -       -      -
    270A  ILE*     4.0    35.4    -      -       +      -
    303A  PHE*     3.8    16.7    -      +       +      -
    340A  ILE*     3.0    19.4    +      -       +      +
    341A  GLY      3.8     2.9    -      -       -      +
    343A  THR*     1.3    76.8    -      -       -      +
    345A  VAL*     1.3    67.5    +      -       +      +
    347A  ILE*     3.7     3.3    -      -       -      +
    348A  ALA*     2.8    33.7    +      -       +      +
    387A  LEU*     3.6    30.5    -      -       +      -
    388A  ILE*     4.8     6.3    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 345 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    341A  GLY      3.2    17.2    +      -       -      +
    342A  ASP      4.2     3.4    -      -       -      +
    344A  PHE*     1.3    87.3    -      -       +      +
    346A  LYS*     1.3    56.1    +      -       -      +
    348A  ALA*     4.3     3.4    -      -       -      -
    349A  ASN*     2.8    29.5    +      -       -      +
    387A  LEU*     3.8    25.6    -      -       +      +
    388A  ILE*     4.8     4.5    -      -       +      +
    392A  HIS*     3.7    31.2    -      -       +      +
    395A  THR*     2.9    40.2    -      -       +      -
    398A  ILE*     3.7    14.5    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LYS 346 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    307A  THR      3.6    23.2    +      -       -      +
    308A  THR*     5.2     3.8    +      -       -      +
    342A  ASP*     3.2    27.3    +      -       +      +
    343A  THR*     3.4    17.6    +      -       -      +
    345A  VAL*     1.3    74.2    -      -       -      +
    347A  ILE*     1.3    63.7    +      -       +      +
    349A  ASN*     3.5     2.8    +      -       -      +
    350A  GLU*     3.1    23.9    +      -       -      +
    393A  ASN      4.1    19.5    -      -       -      +
    394A  ASP*     4.3    23.4    -      -       +      +
    395A  THR*     5.0     1.1    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 347 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    270A  ILE*     4.0    21.1    -      -       +      -
    297A  ILE*     4.7     9.4    -      -       +      -
    299A  ALA*     3.8    11.9    -      -       +      -
    302A  SER*     4.2    12.3    -      -       -      +
    303A  PHE*     3.6    28.7    -      -       +      -
    343A  THR*     3.0    33.3    +      -       +      +
    344A  PHE*     3.7     3.6    -      -       -      +
    346A  LYS*     1.3    75.9    -      -       +      +
    348A  ALA*     1.3    66.8    +      -       -      +
    350A  GLU*     3.4     5.3    +      -       +      +
    351A  VAL*     2.9    43.5    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 348 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    242A  LEU*     4.1    27.4    -      -       +      -
    270A  ILE*     3.9    17.2    -      -       +      +
    344A  PHE*     2.8    25.6    +      -       +      +
    345A  VAL*     3.8     6.1    -      -       -      +
    347A  ILE*     1.3    72.5    -      -       -      +
    349A  ASN*     1.3    64.3    +      -       -      +
    351A  VAL*     3.1     5.1    +      -       -      +
    352A  ILE*     3.0    30.6    +      -       +      +
    398A  ILE*     4.0    12.1    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASN 349 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    345A  VAL      2.8    18.5    +      -       -      +
    346A  LYS      3.8     4.2    +      -       -      +
    347A  ILE      3.3     0.2    -      -       -      -
    348A  ALA*     1.3    77.2    -      -       -      +
    350A  GLU*     1.3    64.7    +      -       -      +
    352A  ILE*     3.5     5.3    +      -       -      +
    353A  GLY*     3.2    16.6    +      -       -      -
    394A  ASP      3.7    15.7    +      -       -      +
    395A  THR*     3.1    20.1    -      -       -      +
    396A  GLU*     4.3     2.0    -      -       -      +
    397A  LEU*     2.9    48.9    +      -       -      +
    398A  ILE*     3.4    16.9    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 350 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    346A  LYS      3.1    17.9    +      -       -      +
    347A  ILE*     3.7     6.7    -      -       -      +
    348A  ALA      3.3     0.2    -      -       -      -
    349A  ASN*     1.3    79.7    +      -       -      +
    351A  VAL*     1.3    62.5    +      -       +      +
    353A  GLY*     3.1     5.2    +      -       -      -
    354A  GLU*     2.6    57.1    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 351 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    240A  LEU*     6.3     0.4    -      -       +      -
    268A  VAL*     4.3    17.0    -      -       +      -
    270A  ILE*     5.0     1.8    -      -       +      -
    295A  LYS*     5.5     1.8    -      -       +      -
    297A  ILE*     4.1    33.2    -      -       +      -
    347A  ILE*     2.9    34.3    +      -       +      +
    348A  ALA*     3.8     5.8    -      -       -      +
    350A  GLU*     1.3    77.5    -      -       +      +
    352A  ILE*     1.3    64.8    +      -       +      +
    354A  GLU*     3.2    27.6    +      -       +      +
    355A  MET*     3.5    29.9    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 352 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    240A  LEU*     4.5    31.2    -      -       +      -
    242A  LEU*     5.4     3.6    -      -       +      -
    348A  ALA*     3.0    20.8    +      -       +      +
    349A  ASN      3.8     4.7    -      -       -      +
    351A  VAL*     1.3    77.4    -      -       +      +
    353A  GLY*     1.3    62.9    +      -       -      +
    355A  MET*     3.2    18.7    +      -       -      +
    356A  ASN      4.4     1.2    +      -       -      -
    357A  LEU*     4.4    17.4    +      -       +      +
    362A  VAL*     5.2     5.2    -      -       +      -
    364A  LEU*     4.9    10.5    -      -       +      -
    397A  LEU*     4.5    16.2    -      -       +      +
    398A  ILE*     4.2    24.5    -      -       +      -
    401A  LEU*     4.3    24.9    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLY 353 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    349A  ASN      3.2    11.5    +      -       -      -
    350A  GLU*     3.1     9.4    +      -       -      -
    352A  ILE*     1.3    77.3    -      -       -      +
    354A  GLU*     1.3    56.5    +      -       -      +
    355A  MET      3.1     4.9    +      -       -      -
    356A  ASN*     3.6     8.7    +      -       -      -
    397A  LEU*     4.3    18.2    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 354 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    297A  ILE*     6.1     0.5    -      -       -      +
    350A  GLU*     2.6    51.0    +      -       -      +
    351A  VAL*     3.2    22.7    +      -       +      +
    353A  GLY*     1.3    71.1    -      -       -      +
    355A  MET*     1.3    62.5    +      -       +      +
    356A  ASN*     3.3     4.9    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with MET 355 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    240A  LEU*     3.9    26.0    -      -       -      -
    266A  ILE*     3.8    24.7    -      -       +      -
    268A  VAL*     3.9    11.7    -      -       +      -
    295A  LYS*     3.5    33.9    -      -       +      -
    351A  VAL*     3.7    20.6    -      -       +      +
    352A  ILE*     3.2    10.2    +      -       -      +
    353A  GLY      3.1     2.6    +      -       -      -
    354A  GLU*     1.3    77.9    -      -       +      +
    356A  ASN*     1.3    70.1    +      -       -      +
    357A  LEU*     3.1    28.4    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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A short description of the analytical approach
The contact analysis used in this page is based upon the approach developed in: Sobolev V., Wade R.C., Vriend G. and Edelman M. PROTEINS (1996) 25, 120-129. Contact legitimacy depends on the hydrophobic-hydrophilic properties of the contacting atoms. In order to define it, for each inter-atomic contact, eight atom classes have been introduced:


   I  Hydrophilic      - N and O that can donate and accept hydrogen bonds
                         (e.g., oxygen of hydroxyl group of Ser. or Thr)
  II  Acceptor         - N or O that can only accept a hydrogen bond
 III  Donor            - N that can only donate a hydrogen bond
  IV  Hydrophobic      - Cl, Br, I and all C atoms that are not in
                         aromatic rings and do not have a covalent bond to
                         a N or O atom
   V  Aromatic         - C in aromatic rings irrespective of any other 
                         bonds formed by the atom
  VI  Neutral          - C atoms that have a covalent bond to at least one
                         atom of class I or two or more atoms from class II
                         or III; atoms; S, F, P, and metal atoms in all cases
 VII  Neutral-donor    - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only one
                         atom of class III
VIII  Neutral-acceptor - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only 
                         one atom of class II
For each pair of contacts the state of legitimacy is shown below:

Legend:
+, legitimate
-, illegitimate
------------------------------------------------------------
  Atomic class           I  II  III   IV   V   VI  VII  VIII
------------------------------------------------------------
   I  (Hydrophilic)      +   +    +    -   +   +    +    +
  II  (Acceptor)         +   -    +    -   +   +    +    -
 III  (Donor)            +   +    -    -   +   +    -    +
  IV  (Hydrophobic)      -   -    -    +   +   +    +    +
   V  (Aromatic)         +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
  VI  (Neutral)          +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
 VII  (Neutral-donor)    +   +    -    +   +   +    -    +
VIII  (Neutral-acceptor) +   -    +    +   +   +    +    -
------------------------------------------------------------
Warning!
Atom classes for heterogroups are automatically assigned based on the atomic coordinates. However, in three cases (see below) the automatic assignment is currently ambiguous. In these cases, the user is advised to manually analyse the full list of contacts using LPC software.
1. Carbon atoms belonging to a 4-, 5- or 6-member ring are 
   considered "aromatic" (Class V) if the ring is approximately
   planar, and "hydrophobic" (Class IV) or "neutral" (Classes
   VI, VII, VIII) if the ring is non-planar.
2. The oxygen atom of a carbonyl or hydroxy group is considered
   "hydroxy" (Class I) if the CO bond is longer than 1.29 Å, and
   "carbonyl" (Class II) if shorter.
3. All nitrogen atoms are considered "hydrophilic" (Class I).

Please E-mail any questions and/or suggestions concerning this page to Vladimir.Sobolev@weizmann.ac.il