Contacts of the helix formed by residues 371 - 395 (chain A) in PDB entry 2Y48


Residue contacts within the protein are derived with the CSU software (Sobolev V., Sorokine A., Prilusky J., Abola E.E. and Edelman M. (1999) Automated analysis of interatomic contacts in proteins. Bioinformatics, 15, 327-332). A short description of the analytical approach is given at the end of the page.
For CSU analysis of other PDB entry

Note:
Non-standard 3 letter residue codes indicate a heterogroup. To identify and analyse, use LPC software

Legend:
Dist - nearest distance (Å) between atoms of two residues
Surf - contact surface area (Å2) between two residues
HB   - hydrophilic-hydrophilic contact (hydrogen bond)
Arom - aromatic-aromatic contact
Phob - hydrophobic-hydrophobic contact
DC   - hydrophobic-hydrophilic contact (destabilizing contact)
+/-  - indicates presence/absence of a specific contacts
*    - indicates residues forming contacts  by their side chain
       (including CA atoms)
Residues in contact with PRO 371 (chain A).
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    369A  ALA*     3.5     9.6    -      -       +      +
    370A  VAL*     1.3    92.2    -      -       +      +
    372A  LYS*     1.3    54.4    +      -       +      +
    373A  GLU*     2.8    19.1    +      -       +      +
    374A  LYS*     2.8    26.3    +      -       +      +
    375A  ASP*     3.0     8.6    +      -       -      -
    524A  ARG*     4.5    18.2    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with LYS 372 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    370A  VAL      4.0     1.2    +      -       -      -
    371A  PRO*     1.3    69.5    -      -       +      +
    373A  GLU*     1.3    62.5    +      -       -      +
    374A  LYS      3.3     0.2    -      -       -      -
    375A  ASP*     4.0     8.5    -      -       -      -
    376A  GLU*     3.2    41.9    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with GLU 373 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    371A  PRO*     2.8     9.6    +      -       +      +
    372A  LYS*     1.3    76.4    -      -       -      +
    374A  LYS*     1.3    59.8    -      -       +      +
    376A  GLU*     4.1     2.4    -      -       -      +
    377A  MET*     3.3    44.9    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with LYS 374 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    370A  VAL*     3.8    11.2    -      -       +      -
    371A  PRO*     2.8    19.5    +      -       +      +
    373A  GLU*     1.3    71.9    -      -       +      +
    375A  ASP*     1.3    67.6    +      -       -      +
    376A  GLU      2.9     1.1    -      -       -      -
    377A  MET*     2.7    17.3    +      -       -      -
    378A  VAL*     2.9    22.9    +      -       +      +
    522A  SER*     4.4     3.0    +      -       -      -
    524A  ARG*     3.5    31.8    -      -       -      +
    525A  ASP*     2.7    44.5    +      -       -      +
    528A  ILE*     4.3    14.1    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with ASP 375 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    360A  CYS      4.7     1.2    -      -       -      +
    361A  PRO*     5.0     2.8    -      -       -      +
    362A  LEU*     4.4    16.3    +      -       -      +
    370A  VAL*     3.5    26.0    -      -       +      +
    371A  PRO      3.0    13.2    +      -       -      +
    372A  LYS*     4.0    11.1    -      -       -      +
    374A  LYS*     1.3    78.2    -      -       -      +
    376A  GLU*     1.3    62.4    +      -       +      +
    378A  VAL*     4.4     2.7    -      -       -      +
    379A  GLU*     3.5    21.5    +      -       -      +
    528A  ILE*     5.6     3.1    -      -       -      +
    532A  HIS*     5.0     1.7    +      -       -      -
      7C  ARG*     2.8    43.8    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with GLU 376 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    372A  LYS*     3.2    33.1    +      -       -      +
    373A  GLU*     4.1     2.9    -      -       -      +
    374A  LYS      2.9     1.2    -      -       -      -
    375A  ASP*     1.3    83.5    -      -       +      +
    377A  MET*     1.3    61.8    +      -       +      +
    378A  VAL      3.4     0.4    -      -       -      -
    379A  GLU*     4.1     5.5    -      -       -      +
    380A  GLN*     3.2    27.1    +      -       -      +
      7C  ARG*     5.9     0.7    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with MET 377 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    373A  GLU*     3.3    31.3    +      -       -      +
    374A  LYS*     2.7    14.1    +      -       -      +
    376A  GLU*     1.3    75.8    -      -       +      +
    378A  VAL*     1.3    60.7    +      -       +      +
    380A  GLN*     4.1    21.4    +      -       -      +
    381A  GLU*     3.4    22.7    +      -       -      +
    521A  LEU*     5.8     1.3    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with VAL 378 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    374A  LYS*     2.9    35.8    +      -       +      +
    375A  ASP      4.4     1.1    -      -       -      +
    377A  MET*     1.3    77.6    -      -       +      +
    379A  GLU*     1.3    66.4    +      -       -      +
    381A  GLU*     3.0     7.0    +      -       +      +
    382A  PHE*     2.8    21.2    +      -       -      +
    521A  LEU*     5.1     8.5    -      -       +      -
    525A  ASP*     4.0    15.0    -      -       +      +
    528A  ILE*     4.0    23.6    -      -       +      +
    529A  LEU*     3.5    42.5    -      -       +      +
    532A  HIS*     4.5     2.5    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with GLU 379 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    375A  ASP      3.5    17.2    +      -       -      +
    376A  GLU*     4.1     6.1    -      -       -      +
    378A  VAL*     1.3    77.2    -      -       -      +
    380A  GLN*     1.3    58.8    +      -       +      +
    382A  PHE*     2.7    30.3    +      -       -      +
    383A  ASN*     3.0    23.3    +      -       -      +
    532A  HIS*     3.6    25.7    +      -       +      -
      7C  ARG*     2.4    58.9    +      -       -      +
      8C  LYS      5.4     0.2    -      -       -      +
      9C  PRO*     5.4     4.9    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with GLN 380 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    376A  GLU      3.2    16.3    +      -       -      +
    377A  MET*     4.2    28.0    +      -       -      +
    378A  VAL      3.3     0.4    -      -       -      -
    379A  GLU*     1.3    82.8    -      -       +      +
    381A  GLU*     1.3    58.7    +      -       -      +
    383A  ASN*     4.0     6.4    -      -       -      +
    384A  ARG*     3.0    62.6    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with GLU 381 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    377A  MET      3.4    15.1    +      -       -      +
    378A  VAL*     3.0    11.5    +      -       -      +
    380A  GLN*     1.3    78.6    +      -       -      +
    382A  PHE*     1.3    53.9    +      -       -      +
    384A  ARG*     3.0    32.8    +      -       -      +
    385A  LEU*     2.7    44.2    +      -       +      +
    419A  GLN*     5.2     0.7    -      -       -      +
    520A  TYR*     2.7    44.1    +      -       +      +
    521A  LEU*     4.7    13.7    -      -       +      -
    529A  LEU*     5.3     2.0    -      -       +      -
    313B  GLY      5.6     0.3    -      -       -      +
    314B  MET*     4.2    12.3    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with PHE 382 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    378A  VAL      2.8    11.0    +      -       -      +
    379A  GLU      2.7    16.3    +      -       -      +
    381A  GLU*     1.3    70.0    -      -       -      +
    383A  ASN*     1.3    72.7    +      -       -      -
    385A  LEU*     3.1     7.4    +      -       -      +
    386A  LEU*     2.9    54.0    +      -       +      +
    412A  LEU*     5.7     0.2    -      -       -      +
    529A  LEU*     3.9    14.7    -      -       +      +
    532A  HIS*     3.4    48.5    -      -       +      -
    533A  PHE*     3.6    37.2    -      +       -      -
    535A  ASN*     5.8     1.8    -      -       -      -
    536A  LEU*     4.4    17.5    -      -       +      -
      5C  LEU*     5.0    12.6    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with ASN 383 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    379A  GLU*     3.0    36.0    +      -       -      +
    380A  GLN*     4.0     7.5    -      -       +      +
    382A  PHE*     1.3    94.8    -      -       -      +
    384A  ARG*     1.3    62.3    +      -       +      +
    386A  LEU*     3.5    10.7    +      -       -      +
    387A  GLU*     3.2    32.6    +      -       -      +
      7C  ARG      5.6     0.8    +      -       -      -
      9C  PRO*     3.1    36.5    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with ARG 384 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    380A  GLN*     3.0    51.6    +      -       +      +
    381A  GLU*     3.0    29.4    +      -       -      +
    383A  ASN*     1.3    76.0    -      -       +      +
    385A  LEU*     1.3    57.7    +      -       -      +
    387A  GLU*     3.5     8.4    +      -       -      +
    388A  ALA*     3.1    27.0    +      -       -      +
    311B  PRO*     3.8     9.0    -      -       +      +
    312B  LYS*     2.2    42.6    +      -       -      +
    313B  GLY*     3.2    25.5    +      -       -      -
    314B  MET*     3.1    31.1    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with LEU 385 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    381A  GLU*     2.7    21.0    +      -       +      +
    382A  PHE*     3.3     8.1    -      -       -      +
    384A  ARG*     1.3    71.3    -      -       -      +
    386A  LEU*     1.3    66.1    +      -       -      +
    388A  ALA*     3.3     6.2    -      -       -      +
    389A  THR*     3.3    23.9    +      -       -      +
    412A  LEU*     4.0    14.2    -      -       +      +
    415A  VAL*     3.2    31.6    -      -       +      +
    416A  ILE*     4.0    24.2    -      -       +      +
    419A  GLN*     4.9     0.4    -      -       +      -
    520A  TYR*     4.0    21.1    -      -       -      +
    529A  LEU*     3.8    35.9    -      -       +      -
    533A  PHE*     4.5     6.1    -      -       +      -
    314B  MET*     4.3     6.7    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with LEU 386 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    382A  PHE*     2.9    47.2    +      -       +      +
    383A  ASN*     3.8    13.0    -      -       -      +
    384A  ARG      3.5     0.2    -      -       -      -
    385A  LEU*     1.3    71.1    -      -       -      +
    387A  GLU*     1.3    56.5    +      -       -      +
    389A  THR*     2.4    44.6    +      -       -      +
    390A  SER*     3.2     4.4    +      -       -      -
    408A  LEU*     4.4     9.4    -      -       +      -
    412A  LEU*     4.7     8.4    -      -       +      +
    536A  LEU*     4.1    21.8    -      -       +      -
    552A  TRP*     4.1    24.0    -      -       +      +
      2C  ARG*     3.9    24.9    -      -       -      +
      5C  LEU*     5.1     4.9    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with GLU 387 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    383A  ASN*     3.2    22.7    +      -       -      +
    384A  ARG*     3.7     2.2    -      -       -      +
    386A  LEU*     1.3    77.6    -      -       +      +
    388A  ALA*     1.3    56.4    +      -       -      +
    390A  SER*     3.4    11.9    +      -       -      -
    391A  TYR*     3.0    27.2    +      -       -      +
    311B  PRO*     3.7    27.8    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with ALA 388 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    384A  ARG      3.1    14.9    +      -       -      +
    385A  LEU*     3.3    11.9    -      -       -      +
    386A  LEU      2.9     0.4    +      -       -      -
    387A  GLU*     1.3    74.7    -      -       -      +
    389A  THR*     1.3    59.5    +      -       -      +
    391A  TYR*     3.0     6.9    +      -       -      +
    392A  LEU*     2.8    33.4    +      -       -      +
    415A  VAL*     3.8    25.6    -      -       +      -
    311B  PRO*     4.1     9.4    -      -       -      +
    314B  MET*     3.8    16.4    -      -       +      -
    316B  LEU*     4.3     4.7    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with THR 389 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    385A  LEU      3.3    14.4    -      -       -      +
    386A  LEU*     2.4    30.4    +      -       -      +
    388A  ALA*     1.3    68.9    -      -       -      +
    390A  SER*     1.3    66.2    +      -       -      -
    392A  LEU*     3.1    12.4    +      -       -      +
    393A  SER*     2.9    23.9    +      -       -      -
    408A  LEU*     3.9    12.3    -      -       +      +
    411A  ALA*     4.0     9.9    -      -       +      +
    412A  LEU*     3.9    38.1    -      -       +      +
    415A  VAL*     4.4     3.1    -      -       +      -
    549A  LEU*     3.8    20.9    -      -       -      +
    552A  TRP*     5.4     1.4    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with SER 390 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    386A  LEU      3.2     3.5    +      -       -      -
    387A  GLU*     3.4    15.9    -      -       -      -
    389A  THR*     1.3    84.1    +      -       -      +
    391A  TYR*     1.3    55.7    +      -       -      +
    393A  SER*     3.2     5.3    +      -       -      -
    394A  HIS*     3.0    50.0    +      -       -      +
    549A  LEU*     5.6     0.7    -      -       -      -
    553A  ASP*     6.0     1.8    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with TYR 391 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    387A  GLU      3.0    13.4    +      -       -      +
    388A  ALA*     3.0     9.8    +      -       -      +
    390A  SER*     1.3    74.1    -      -       -      +
    392A  LEU*     1.3    64.4    +      -       -      +
    393A  SER      3.1     0.2    -      -       -      -
    395A  GLN*     3.2    45.3    +      -       +      +
    396A  LEU*     3.1    51.4    +      -       +      +
    308B  ARG      3.9     9.4    +      -       -      -
    309B  LYS*     3.6    33.3    -      -       -      +
    310B  PRO*     3.5    29.5    -      -       +      +
    311B  PRO*     5.0     1.3    -      -       +      -
    316B  LEU*     3.6    28.8    +      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with LEU 392 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    388A  ALA      2.8    25.5    +      -       -      +
    389A  THR*     3.1    10.1    +      -       -      +
    391A  TYR*     1.3    72.9    -      -       -      +
    393A  SER*     1.3    58.3    +      -       -      +
    396A  LEU*     3.4    21.0    -      -       +      +
    397A  ASP      3.1    10.0    +      -       -      -
    398A  PHE*     2.9    65.5    +      -       +      -
    411A  ALA*     4.5    10.8    -      -       +      -
    414A  VAL*     4.1    17.3    -      -       +      -
    415A  VAL*     3.6    24.9    -      -       +      -
    418A  LEU*     6.1     0.2    -      -       +      -
    549A  LEU*     4.9     2.9    -      -       +      -
    316B  LEU*     3.7    18.8    -      -       +      -
    321B  VAL*     4.5     5.8    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with SER 393 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    389A  THR      2.9    15.1    +      -       -      -
    390A  SER*     3.6     7.2    -      -       -      -
    391A  TYR      3.1     0.2    -      -       -      -
    392A  LEU*     1.3    76.7    -      -       -      +
    394A  HIS*     1.3    69.1    +      -       -      +
    397A  ASP*     3.1    26.9    +      -       -      +
    399A  ASN*     3.1    33.5    +      -       -      +
    549A  LEU*     3.8    17.9    -      -       -      -
    550A  LYS*     3.6    23.2    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with HIS 394 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    390A  SER*     3.0    38.3    +      -       -      +
    393A  SER*     1.3    87.7    -      -       -      +
    395A  GLN*     1.3    75.9    +      -       +      +
    397A  ASP*     4.4     4.7    +      -       -      +
    549A  LEU      5.9     0.2    -      -       -      -
    550A  LYS*     4.1    35.5    +      -       +      +
    553A  ASP*     5.7     3.6    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with GLN 395 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    391A  TYR*     3.2    49.8    +      -       +      +
    394A  HIS*     1.3    88.1    +      -       +      +
    396A  LEU*     1.3    67.7    +      -       +      +
    397A  ASP*     3.4     1.4    +      -       -      +
    308B  ARG*     3.2    46.3    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page


A short description of the analytical approach
The contact analysis used in this page is based upon the approach developed in: Sobolev V., Wade R.C., Vriend G. and Edelman M. PROTEINS (1996) 25, 120-129. Contact legitimacy depends on the hydrophobic-hydrophilic properties of the contacting atoms. In order to define it, for each inter-atomic contact, eight atom classes have been introduced:


   I  Hydrophilic      - N and O that can donate and accept hydrogen bonds
                         (e.g., oxygen of hydroxyl group of Ser. or Thr)
  II  Acceptor         - N or O that can only accept a hydrogen bond
 III  Donor            - N that can only donate a hydrogen bond
  IV  Hydrophobic      - Cl, Br, I and all C atoms that are not in
                         aromatic rings and do not have a covalent bond to
                         a N or O atom
   V  Aromatic         - C in aromatic rings irrespective of any other 
                         bonds formed by the atom
  VI  Neutral          - C atoms that have a covalent bond to at least one
                         atom of class I or two or more atoms from class II
                         or III; atoms; S, F, P, and metal atoms in all cases
 VII  Neutral-donor    - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only one
                         atom of class III
VIII  Neutral-acceptor - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only 
                         one atom of class II
For each pair of contacts the state of legitimacy is shown below:

Legend:
+, legitimate
-, illegitimate
------------------------------------------------------------
  Atomic class           I  II  III   IV   V   VI  VII  VIII
------------------------------------------------------------
   I  (Hydrophilic)      +   +    +    -   +   +    +    +
  II  (Acceptor)         +   -    +    -   +   +    +    -
 III  (Donor)            +   +    -    -   +   +    -    +
  IV  (Hydrophobic)      -   -    -    +   +   +    +    +
   V  (Aromatic)         +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
  VI  (Neutral)          +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
 VII  (Neutral-donor)    +   +    -    +   +   +    -    +
VIII  (Neutral-acceptor) +   -    +    +   +   +    +    -
------------------------------------------------------------
Warning!
Atom classes for heterogroups are automatically assigned based on the atomic coordinates. However, in three cases (see below) the automatic assignment is currently ambiguous. In these cases, the user is advised to manually analyse the full list of contacts using LPC software.
1. Carbon atoms belonging to a 4-, 5- or 6-member ring are 
   considered "aromatic" (Class V) if the ring is approximately
   planar, and "hydrophobic" (Class IV) or "neutral" (Classes
   VI, VII, VIII) if the ring is non-planar.
2. The oxygen atom of a carbonyl or hydroxy group is considered
   "hydroxy" (Class I) if the CO bond is longer than 1.29 Å, and
   "carbonyl" (Class II) if shorter.
3. All nitrogen atoms are considered "hydrophilic" (Class I).

Please E-mail any questions and/or suggestions concerning this page to Vladimir.Sobolev@weizmann.ac.il