Contacts of the helix formed by residues 170 - 192 (chain E) in PDB entry 3A68


Residue contacts within the protein are derived with the CSU software (Sobolev V., Sorokine A., Prilusky J., Abola E.E. and Edelman M. (1999) Automated analysis of interatomic contacts in proteins. Bioinformatics, 15, 327-332). A short description of the analytical approach is given at the end of the page.
For CSU analysis of other PDB entry

Note:
Non-standard 3 letter residue codes indicate a heterogroup. To identify and analyse, use LPC software

Legend:
Dist - nearest distance (Å) between atoms of two residues
Surf - contact surface area (Å2) between two residues
HB   - hydrophilic-hydrophilic contact (hydrogen bond)
Arom - aromatic-aromatic contact
Phob - hydrophobic-hydrophobic contact
DC   - hydrophobic-hydrophilic contact (destabilizing contact)
+/-  - indicates presence/absence of a specific contacts
*    - indicates residues forming contacts  by their side chain
       (including CA atoms)
Residues in contact with TYR 170 (chain E).
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     56E  GLU*     4.2     6.7    -      -       -      -
     94E  HIS*     2.7    52.3    +      +       +      -
     97E  LYS*     3.3    20.2    -      -       +      +
     98E  LEU*     3.3    24.8    +      -       +      +
    147E  LEU*     3.8    33.7    -      -       +      +
    165E  PHE*     3.5    35.0    -      +       -      -
    166E  VAL*     3.0    17.9    +      -       +      +
    168E  THR      3.5     0.4    -      -       -      -
    169E  GLU*     1.3    95.1    -      -       +      +
    171E  LEU*     1.3    59.7    +      -       -      +
    172E  GLY      3.4     2.2    -      -       -      -
    173E  GLU*     3.4     5.0    +      -       -      +
    174E  GLN*     2.8    32.7    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 171 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    144E  ASN*     4.4     9.1    -      -       -      +
    147E  LEU*     3.8    30.3    -      -       +      -
    148E  LEU*     4.0    23.8    -      -       +      -
    151E  HIS*     4.3     7.4    -      -       +      -
    166E  VAL*     3.0    23.6    +      -       +      +
    167E  GLU*     3.6    23.8    +      -       +      +
    170E  TYR*     1.3    76.1    -      -       -      +
    172E  GLY*     1.3    62.5    +      -       -      +
    174E  GLN*     3.3     3.8    +      -       -      +
    175E  VAL*     3.1    26.2    +      -       -      +
    160V  VAL*     3.6    31.4    -      -       +      -
    161V  GLN*     3.8    19.0    -      -       +      +
    164V  ASP*     6.1     0.4    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLY 172 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    167E  GLU      3.9     6.8    +      -       -      -
    170E  TYR      3.4     0.2    -      -       -      -
    171E  LEU*     1.3    75.4    -      -       -      +
    173E  GLU*     1.3    69.8    +      -       -      +
    175E  VAL*     3.2     5.1    +      -       -      +
    176E  GLU*     3.0    29.0    +      -       -      +
    161V  GLN*     3.7    22.1    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 173 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     94E  HIS*     6.0     7.2    -      -       +      +
    168E  THR      3.5     3.5    -      -       -      +
    169E  GLU*     3.3    31.9    -      -       -      +
    170E  TYR*     3.6     7.5    +      -       -      +
    172E  GLY*     1.3    76.5    +      -       -      +
    174E  GLN*     1.3    57.4    +      -       -      +
    176E  GLU*     3.3    10.7    +      -       +      +
    177E  ALA*     2.9    29.2    +      -       -      +
    215E   CA      2.6    29.1    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLN 174 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     94E  HIS*     5.6     2.1    +      -       -      -
    140E  GLU*     2.6    55.7    +      -       -      +
    143E  THR*     3.9     7.5    -      -       -      +
    144E  ASN*     3.5    35.2    -      -       +      +
    147E  LEU*     3.9    18.0    -      -       +      +
    170E  TYR*     2.8    17.9    +      -       -      +
    171E  LEU*     3.7     5.6    -      -       -      +
    172E  GLY      3.2     0.2    -      -       -      -
    173E  GLU*     1.3    74.9    -      -       -      +
    175E  VAL*     1.3    65.2    +      -       -      +
    177E  ALA*     3.3     4.2    +      -       -      +
    178E  ILE*     3.0    31.8    +      -       +      +
    214E   CA      4.1    12.3    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 175 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    144E  ASN*     5.2    11.0    -      -       -      +
    171E  LEU      3.1    14.1    +      -       -      +
    172E  GLY*     3.2     9.4    +      -       -      +
    174E  GLN*     1.3    76.3    -      -       -      +
    176E  GLU*     1.3    63.0    +      -       +      +
    178E  ILE*     3.3     8.7    +      -       +      +
    179E  LYS*     3.0    21.7    +      -       -      +
    101V  TYR*     5.2     2.7    -      -       +      -
    104V  LYS*     3.8    38.5    -      -       +      +
    105V  ARG*     3.8    23.6    -      -       +      +
    161V  GLN*     3.8    26.0    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 176 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    172E  GLY      3.0    20.4    +      -       -      +
    173E  GLU*     3.5     9.2    -      -       -      +
    174E  GLN      3.2     0.2    -      -       -      -
    175E  VAL*     1.3    77.8    -      -       +      +
    177E  ALA*     1.3    57.8    +      -       -      +
    179E  LYS*     3.3     6.1    +      -       -      +
    180E  ARG*     2.9    29.0    +      -       -      +
    104V  LYS*     3.3    42.3    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 177 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    140E  GLU*     4.3    21.1    -      -       -      +
    173E  GLU      2.9    17.6    +      -       -      +
    174E  GLN*     3.3     8.9    +      -       -      +
    176E  GLU*     1.3    76.0    -      -       -      +
    178E  ILE*     1.3    63.3    +      -       -      +
    180E  ARG*     3.3     9.6    +      -       -      +
    181E  ILE*     3.1    33.1    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 178 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    137E  LEU*     3.8    17.1    -      -       +      +
    140E  GLU*     3.8    37.9    -      -       +      +
    141E  LYS*     4.0     7.4    -      -       +      +
    144E  ASN*     3.9    15.3    -      -       +      +
    174E  GLN*     3.0    22.6    +      -       +      +
    175E  VAL*     3.8     6.7    -      -       +      +
    176E  GLU      3.3     0.2    -      -       -      -
    177E  ALA*     1.3    74.9    -      -       -      +
    179E  LYS*     1.3    64.1    +      -       -      +
    181E  ILE*     5.0     0.2    -      -       -      -
    182E  SER*     2.8    29.5    +      -       -      -
     37V  ALA*     3.6    35.0    -      -       +      +
     39V  GLN*     3.6    23.3    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LYS 179 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    175E  VAL      3.0    14.1    +      -       -      +
    176E  GLU*     3.3     8.7    +      -       -      +
    178E  ILE*     1.3    76.6    -      -       -      +
    180E  ARG*     1.3    64.3    +      -       -      +
    182E  SER*     3.3     5.6    +      -       -      -
    183E  GLU*     2.9    47.0    +      -       -      +
     71L  ASP*     3.0    48.4    +      -       -      -
     73L  ASP*     3.9    17.9    -      -       +      +
     37V  ALA*     4.3     3.8    -      -       +      +
    100V  GLU      5.2     0.2    +      -       -      -
    103V  ASN*     3.9    20.8    -      -       -      +
    104V  LYS*     3.9    31.4    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG 180 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     83E  PHE*     3.5    29.0    -      -       -      -
     86E  GLU*     5.7     2.4    +      -       -      -
     87E  SER*     5.6     0.6    +      -       -      -
     90E  GLU*     5.0     9.9    +      -       -      -
    176E  GLU      2.9    16.6    +      -       -      +
    177E  ALA*     3.5    10.1    -      -       -      +
    178E  ILE      3.3     0.2    -      -       -      -
    179E  LYS*     1.3    78.3    -      -       -      +
    181E  ILE*     1.3    64.0    +      -       +      +
    183E  GLU*     3.3    15.3    +      -       -      +
    184E  TYR*     2.8    56.7    +      -       +      +
    204E  LEU*     5.1     0.8    -      -       -      +
    207E  GLU*     4.3     5.3    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 181 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     63E  TYR*     4.2     8.7    -      -       -      +
     83E  PHE*     4.4    22.2    -      -       +      -
    133E  MET*     3.5    35.9    -      -       -      +
    136E  ALA*     4.2     7.2    -      -       +      +
    137E  LEU*     3.6    18.6    -      -       +      +
    140E  GLU*     3.4    35.0    -      -       +      +
    177E  ALA*     3.1    17.2    +      -       +      +
    178E  ILE      4.2     2.0    -      -       -      +
    180E  ARG*     1.3    77.7    -      -       +      +
    182E  SER*     1.3    66.3    +      -       -      +
    184E  TYR*     3.1    10.0    +      -       +      +
    185E  VAL*     2.9    20.4    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with SER 182 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    137E  LEU*     3.3    21.5    -      -       -      +
    178E  ILE      2.8    24.1    +      -       -      -
    179E  LYS      3.5     4.5    -      -       -      -
    181E  ILE*     1.3    76.5    -      -       -      +
    183E  GLU*     1.3    57.4    +      -       -      +
    185E  VAL*     3.2     1.7    +      -       -      -
    186E  ALA*     2.9    24.8    +      -       -      +
     73L  ASP*     3.5    27.8    -      -       -      -
     36V  LEU*     3.4    19.1    -      -       -      +
     37V  ALA*     3.3    18.1    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 183 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    179E  LYS*     2.9    48.1    +      -       -      +
    180E  ARG*     3.5    15.9    -      -       -      +
    181E  ILE      3.2     0.2    -      -       -      -
    182E  SER*     1.3    76.4    -      -       -      +
    184E  TYR*     1.3    63.8    +      -       +      +
    186E  ALA*     3.3     1.4    +      -       -      +
    187E  GLN*     3.0    41.3    +      -       -      +
     71L  ASP*     4.5     3.8    -      -       -      +
     72L  ARG      5.1     0.5    -      -       -      +
     73L  ASP*     3.7    23.6    -      -       +      +
     76L  ALA*     3.9    11.4    -      -       +      +
     78L  ARG*     4.7    20.7    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with TYR 184 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     83E  PHE*     3.7    25.4    -      +       -      -
    133E  MET*     3.4    32.1    -      -       +      -
    180E  ARG*     2.8    50.7    +      -       +      +
    181E  ILE*     3.1    12.4    +      -       -      +
    183E  GLU*     1.3    75.0    -      -       +      +
    185E  VAL*     1.3    67.3    +      -       -      +
    187E  GLN*     3.3    13.9    +      -       -      +
    188E  LEU*     3.0    30.0    +      -       -      +
    200E  PHE*     3.7    25.2    -      +       +      -
    203E  MET*     4.9     0.9    -      -       +      -
    204E  LEU*     3.5    14.1    -      -       +      +
    207E  GLU*     2.7    37.8    +      -       -      -
     78L  ARG*     6.1     0.2    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 185 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    130E  LEU*     3.9    14.1    -      -       +      +
    133E  MET*     3.6    35.2    -      -       +      +
    134E  GLU*     4.0    13.5    -      -       +      +
    137E  LEU*     4.4    13.0    -      -       +      -
    181E  ILE      2.9    17.1    +      -       -      +
    182E  SER*     3.5     7.6    -      -       -      +
    184E  TYR*     1.3    76.6    -      -       -      +
    186E  ALA*     1.3    62.5    +      -       -      +
    188E  LEU*     3.3     3.3    +      -       -      +
    189E  ARG*     3.0    49.6    +      -       -      +
     28V  VAL*     5.5     0.2    -      -       +      -
     36V  LEU*     3.9    16.2    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 186 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    182E  SER      2.9     8.9    +      -       -      +
    183E  GLU      3.7     4.5    -      -       -      +
    184E  TYR      3.3     0.2    -      -       -      -
    185E  VAL*     1.3    77.0    -      -       -      +
    187E  GLN*     1.3    57.5    +      -       -      +
    189E  ARG*     3.4     9.2    +      -       -      +
    190E  ARG*     3.0    28.6    +      -       -      +
     73L  ASP      3.4    25.1    -      -       -      +
     74L  ASN*     3.8    21.8    -      -       -      +
     75L  VAL      4.8     2.2    -      -       -      +
     76L  ALA*     3.8     7.9    -      -       +      -
     36V  LEU*     4.0     7.6    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLN 187 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    183E  GLU*     3.0    37.6    +      -       -      +
    184E  TYR*     3.8    17.2    -      -       -      +
    186E  ALA*     1.3    74.3    -      -       -      +
    188E  LEU*     1.3    60.8    +      -       -      +
    190E  ARG*     3.1     8.2    +      -       -      +
    191E  VAL*     2.9    34.7    +      -       -      +
    200E  PHE*     3.8    12.8    -      -       +      -
    203E  MET*     3.8     5.2    -      -       -      +
     76L  ALA*     3.8    21.4    -      -       +      +
     78L  ARG*     2.9    37.6    +      -       -      +
    198L  TRP*     2.8    36.4    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 188 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     80E  LEU*     5.6     0.7    -      -       +      -
    129E  ALA*     3.8    34.1    -      -       +      +
    130E  LEU*     4.0    18.0    -      -       +      +
    133E  MET*     3.6    31.9    -      -       +      -
    184E  TYR      3.0    20.3    +      -       -      +
    185E  VAL      3.8     3.4    -      -       -      +
    187E  GLN*     1.3    76.5    -      -       -      +
    189E  ARG*     1.3    62.5    +      -       -      +
    191E  VAL*     3.6     4.6    -      -       +      +
    192E  GLY*     3.2    22.5    +      -       -      -
    197E  VAL*     4.0    21.6    -      -       +      +
    200E  PHE*     3.5    38.6    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG 189 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    126E  LYS*     5.4     1.8    -      -       -      +
    130E  LEU*     3.9    20.8    -      -       +      +
    134E  GLU*     2.9    28.1    +      -       -      -
    185E  VAL*     3.0    27.6    +      -       -      +
    186E  ALA*     3.6     8.3    -      -       -      +
    188E  LEU*     1.3    78.7    -      -       -      +
    190E  ARG*     1.3    62.2    +      -       -      +
    192E  GLY*     3.9     6.8    +      -       -      -
     28V  VAL*     3.6    15.4    -      -       -      +
     29V  PRO      3.0    30.7    +      -       -      -
     30V  THR*     4.3    16.7    +      -       -      +
     31V  VAL      4.8     6.1    +      -       -      -
     32V  PRO*     5.8     1.2    -      -       -      +
     36V  LEU*     3.5    19.9    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG 190 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    186E  ALA      3.0    14.6    +      -       -      +
    187E  GLN*     3.1    10.5    +      -       -      +
    189E  ARG*     1.3    79.2    -      -       -      +
    191E  VAL*     1.3    62.6    +      -       +      +
    192E  GLY      3.6     0.2    +      -       -      -
     74L  ASN      5.0     2.0    +      -       -      -
     75L  VAL*     3.0    28.9    +      -       -      +
     76L  ALA      5.2     0.8    +      -       -      -
     77L  LEU*     3.6    30.6    -      -       -      +
    128L  ASP*     3.1    38.6    +      -       -      -
    194L  GLY*     3.2    46.0    -      -       -      +
    197L  VAL*     3.9    10.5    -      -       -      +
    198L  TRP*     4.1    13.9    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 191 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    187E  GLN      2.9    22.7    +      -       -      +
    188E  LEU*     3.6    12.3    -      -       +      +
    190E  ARG*     1.3    77.5    -      -       -      +
    192E  GLY*     1.3    67.4    +      -       -      +
    193E  LYS      4.9     0.5    -      -       -      +
    196E  GLY*     3.5    37.7    +      -       -      +
    197E  VAL*     3.8     4.7    -      -       -      +
    200E  PHE*     4.4     5.6    -      -       +      -
    195L  HIS*     3.7    26.3    +      -       +      +
    198L  TRP*     3.5    50.0    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLY 192 (chain E). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    188E  LEU      3.2    14.7    +      -       -      -
    189E  ARG      4.4     5.2    -      -       -      -
    190E  ARG      3.4     2.8    -      -       -      -
    191E  VAL*     1.3    78.4    -      -       -      +
    193E  LYS*     1.3    68.1    +      -       -      +
    196E  GLY*     3.6     0.2    -      -       -      -
    197E  VAL*     3.1    28.7    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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A short description of the analytical approach
The contact analysis used in this page is based upon the approach developed in: Sobolev V., Wade R.C., Vriend G. and Edelman M. PROTEINS (1996) 25, 120-129. Contact legitimacy depends on the hydrophobic-hydrophilic properties of the contacting atoms. In order to define it, for each inter-atomic contact, eight atom classes have been introduced:


   I  Hydrophilic      - N and O that can donate and accept hydrogen bonds
                         (e.g., oxygen of hydroxyl group of Ser. or Thr)
  II  Acceptor         - N or O that can only accept a hydrogen bond
 III  Donor            - N that can only donate a hydrogen bond
  IV  Hydrophobic      - Cl, Br, I and all C atoms that are not in
                         aromatic rings and do not have a covalent bond to
                         a N or O atom
   V  Aromatic         - C in aromatic rings irrespective of any other 
                         bonds formed by the atom
  VI  Neutral          - C atoms that have a covalent bond to at least one
                         atom of class I or two or more atoms from class II
                         or III; atoms; S, F, P, and metal atoms in all cases
 VII  Neutral-donor    - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only one
                         atom of class III
VIII  Neutral-acceptor - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only 
                         one atom of class II
For each pair of contacts the state of legitimacy is shown below:

Legend:
+, legitimate
-, illegitimate
------------------------------------------------------------
  Atomic class           I  II  III   IV   V   VI  VII  VIII
------------------------------------------------------------
   I  (Hydrophilic)      +   +    +    -   +   +    +    +
  II  (Acceptor)         +   -    +    -   +   +    +    -
 III  (Donor)            +   +    -    -   +   +    -    +
  IV  (Hydrophobic)      -   -    -    +   +   +    +    +
   V  (Aromatic)         +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
  VI  (Neutral)          +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
 VII  (Neutral-donor)    +   +    -    +   +   +    -    +
VIII  (Neutral-acceptor) +   -    +    +   +   +    +    -
------------------------------------------------------------
Warning!
Atom classes for heterogroups are automatically assigned based on the atomic coordinates. However, in three cases (see below) the automatic assignment is currently ambiguous. In these cases, the user is advised to manually analyse the full list of contacts using LPC software.
1. Carbon atoms belonging to a 4-, 5- or 6-member ring are 
   considered "aromatic" (Class V) if the ring is approximately
   planar, and "hydrophobic" (Class IV) or "neutral" (Classes
   VI, VII, VIII) if the ring is non-planar.
2. The oxygen atom of a carbonyl or hydroxy group is considered
   "hydroxy" (Class I) if the CO bond is longer than 1.29 Å, and
   "carbonyl" (Class II) if shorter.
3. All nitrogen atoms are considered "hydrophilic" (Class I).

Please E-mail any questions and/or suggestions concerning this page to Vladimir.Sobolev@weizmann.ac.il