Contacts of the helix formed by residues 225 - 245 (chain M) in PDB entry 3FKS


Residue contacts within the protein are derived with the CSU software (Sobolev V., Sorokine A., Prilusky J., Abola E.E. and Edelman M. (1999) Automated analysis of interatomic contacts in proteins. Bioinformatics, 15, 327-332). A short description of the analytical approach is given at the end of the page.
For CSU analysis of other PDB entry

Note:
Non-standard 3 letter residue codes indicate a heterogroup. To identify and analyse, use LPC software

Legend:
Dist - nearest distance (Å) between atoms of two residues
Surf - contact surface area (Å2) between two residues
HB   - hydrophilic-hydrophilic contact (hydrogen bond)
Arom - aromatic-aromatic contact
Phob - hydrophobic-hydrophobic contact
DC   - hydrophobic-hydrophilic contact (destabilizing contact)
+/-  - indicates presence/absence of a specific contacts
*    - indicates residues forming contacts  by their side chain
       (including CA atoms)
Residues in contact with PRO 225 (chain M).
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    302L  TYR*     3.3    24.0    -      -       +      +
     19M  ALA*     5.1     5.4    -      -       +      -
     63M  ALA      5.0     2.7    -      -       -      +
     64M  MET      3.7    13.2    -      -       -      +
     65M  ASP*     3.7    34.1    -      -       -      +
     66M  GLY*     4.3     4.0    -      -       -      +
    223M  ASN      4.3     0.2    -      -       -      +
    224M  GLU*     1.3    96.0    -      -       +      +
    226M  PRO*     1.3    79.0    -      -       +      +
    227M  GLY      3.4     3.1    -      -       -      +
    228M  ALA*     3.0    14.7    +      -       -      +
    229M  ARG*     3.2     3.7    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with PRO 226 (chain M). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    299L  ASP*     4.8     7.4    -      -       +      -
    302L  TYR*     4.4    11.7    -      -       +      -
     19M  ALA*     4.5    11.2    -      -       +      -
    225M  PRO*     1.3    88.3    -      -       +      +
    227M  GLY*     1.3    64.7    +      -       -      +
    228M  ALA      3.0     1.2    +      -       -      -
    229M  ARG*     3.1    19.8    +      -       -      +
    230M  ALA*     3.2    10.8    +      -       -      +
    264M  ALA*     3.5    12.6    -      -       +      +
    267M  GLU*     3.2    37.2    -      -       +      +
    268M  VAL*     3.6    29.2    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLY 227 (chain M). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     19M  ALA*     4.8     1.8    -      -       -      +
     62M  ILE*     3.6    22.4    -      -       -      +
     63M  ALA      3.5    20.3    +      -       -      -
     64M  MET*     3.5    18.6    -      -       -      +
    225M  PRO      3.4     0.8    -      -       -      -
    226M  PRO*     1.3    79.4    -      -       -      +
    228M  ALA*     1.3    62.8    +      -       -      +
    230M  ALA*     3.6     7.3    +      -       -      +
    231M  ARG*     3.5    15.2    +      -       -      +
    268M  VAL*     4.9     0.6    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 228 (chain M). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     63M  ALA      4.4     0.2    +      -       -      -
     64M  MET*     3.6    26.6    +      -       -      +
     98M  VAL*     3.8    11.4    -      -       +      +
    220M  GLY      5.3     0.9    -      -       -      +
    224M  GLU*     3.5    35.7    -      -       +      +
    225M  PRO      3.0    13.0    +      -       -      +
    226M  PRO      3.0     0.2    +      -       -      -
    227M  GLY*     1.3    76.7    -      -       -      +
    229M  ARG*     1.3    59.1    +      -       +      +
    231M  ARG      3.3     2.3    +      -       -      -
    232M  VAL*     2.9    32.6    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG 229 (chain M). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    301L  PHE*     3.7    24.3    -      -       -      -
    302L  TYR*     3.3    19.4    -      -       -      +
    187M  VAL*     3.6    15.6    -      -       +      +
    188M  GLY*     4.1    12.8    -      -       -      -
    220M  GLY      3.5    20.0    -      -       -      +
    221M  GLN      3.7     9.0    -      -       -      +
    222M  MET*     4.5     8.1    -      -       -      +
    224M  GLU      2.7    38.2    +      -       -      -
    225M  PRO      3.2    21.9    -      -       -      -
    226M  PRO*     3.1     8.3    +      -       -      +
    228M  ALA*     1.3    80.3    -      -       +      +
    230M  ALA*     1.3    63.8    +      -       -      +
    232M  VAL*     3.2    21.4    +      -       -      +
    233M  ALA*     3.9     2.3    +      -       -      +
    260M  ARG*     4.1    17.5    +      -       -      +
    261M  PHE*     4.4     3.6    -      -       -      -
    263M  GLN*     4.4     4.6    +      -       -      -
    264M  ALA*     4.1     6.6    -      -       +      +
    267M  GLU*     2.8    36.4    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 230 (chain M). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     62M  ILE*     6.2     1.1    -      -       +      -
    226M  PRO      3.2    15.2    +      -       -      +
    227M  GLY*     3.8     9.2    -      -       -      +
    228M  ALA      3.2     0.4    -      -       -      -
    229M  ARG*     1.3    77.8    -      -       -      +
    231M  ARG*     1.3    79.6    +      -       +      +
    233M  ALA*     4.5     1.9    +      -       -      +
    234M  LEU*     4.3     2.4    -      -       -      +
    261M  PHE*     3.1    37.0    -      -       +      +
    264M  ALA*     3.7    20.6    -      -       +      +
    265M  GLY*     5.0     2.0    -      -       -      +
    268M  VAL*     6.4     1.1    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG 231 (chain M). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     34M  LEU*     5.2     3.2    -      -       -      +
     49M  GLU*     3.2    30.3    +      -       -      -
     62M  ILE*     5.9     5.6    -      -       +      +
     64M  MET*     3.5    32.1    -      -       +      -
     83M  ILE*     6.1     1.1    -      -       +      -
     98M  VAL*     3.7    10.5    -      -       +      -
    117M  ILE*     5.1     7.1    -      -       +      +
    118M  HIS*     3.9    13.3    -      -       -      -
    227M  GLY      3.5     6.9    +      -       -      +
    228M  ALA      3.3     2.2    +      -       -      -
    230M  ALA*     1.3   104.4    +      -       +      +
    232M  VAL*     1.3    60.7    +      -       -      +
    233M  ALA      3.1     2.5    -      -       -      -
    234M  LEU*     3.2    29.6    +      -       +      +
    235M  THR*     3.0    28.5    +      -       -      +
    261M  PHE*     4.2     9.9    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 232 (chain M). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     98M  VAL*     3.6    19.5    -      -       +      +
    185M  THR*     3.5     8.2    -      -       +      +
    186M  GLY      4.3     2.9    -      -       -      +
    187M  VAL*     3.8    16.8    -      -       +      -
    218M  VAL*     4.2    11.6    -      -       +      +
    219M  PHE      3.6     9.0    -      -       -      +
    220M  GLY*     3.6    37.7    -      -       -      +
    228M  ALA      2.9    11.3    +      -       -      +
    229M  ARG*     3.2    28.5    -      -       -      +
    231M  ARG*     1.3    75.6    -      -       -      +
    233M  ALA*     1.3    66.8    +      -       -      +
    235M  THR*     3.3     9.5    +      -       -      -
    236M  GLY      3.4     9.9    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 233 (chain M). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    185M  THR*     4.3     5.0    +      -       -      +
    187M  VAL*     3.9    27.6    -      -       +      -
    229M  ARG      3.9     1.3    +      -       -      +
    230M  ALA      4.6     0.2    -      -       -      +
    231M  ARG      3.1     0.2    -      -       -      -
    232M  VAL*     1.3    83.5    -      -       -      +
    234M  LEU*     1.3    61.2    +      -       -      +
    236M  GLY*     3.7     1.0    +      -       -      -
    237M  LEU*     3.4    23.2    +      -       -      +
    255M  ILE*     5.3     9.2    -      -       +      +
    258M  ILE*     6.2     1.8    -      -       +      -
    261M  PHE*     4.3    27.4    -      -       +      -
    292M  LEU*     4.4    12.9    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 234 (chain M). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    117M  ILE*     4.0    15.8    -      -       +      +
    118M  HIS*     3.8    20.0    -      -       +      +
    230M  ALA      4.3     6.1    -      -       -      +
    231M  ARG*     3.2    45.4    +      -       -      +
    233M  ALA*     1.3    76.9    -      -       -      +
    235M  THR*     1.3    65.4    +      -       -      +
    237M  LEU*     3.3    12.3    +      -       -      +
    238M  THR*     3.1    19.9    +      -       -      -
    261M  PHE*     4.9     5.6    -      -       +      -
    291M  LEU      5.2     1.6    -      -       -      +
    292M  LEU*     3.4    29.6    -      -       +      -
    295M  ARG*     3.5    28.6    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with THR 235 (chain M). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     85M  VAL*     3.7    23.9    -      -       +      +
     96M  ILE*     4.1    13.5    -      -       +      -
     97M  ASN      3.6    22.2    -      -       -      +
     98M  VAL*     3.0    21.9    +      -       -      +
    117M  ILE*     4.2    14.8    -      -       -      +
    218M  VAL*     4.1     4.3    -      -       +      -
    231M  ARG*     3.0    14.7    +      -       -      +
    232M  VAL*     3.5    11.2    -      -       -      -
    233M  ALA      3.2     0.2    -      -       -      -
    234M  LEU*     1.3    78.7    -      -       -      +
    236M  GLY*     1.3    62.6    +      -       -      +
    237M  LEU      3.1     0.9    +      -       -      -
    238M  THR*     3.4    11.3    +      -       -      -
    239M  ILE*     3.6    12.6    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLY 236 (chain M). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    183M  VAL*     3.5    14.9    -      -       -      +
    185M  THR*     3.7    22.4    +      -       -      -
    218M  VAL*     3.7    24.1    -      -       -      +
    232M  VAL      3.4     7.7    +      -       -      -
    233M  ALA      3.7     0.4    +      -       -      -
    234M  LEU      3.5     0.2    -      -       -      -
    235M  THR*     1.3    77.5    -      -       -      +
    237M  LEU*     1.3    60.8    +      -       -      +
    238M  THR      3.4     0.2    -      -       -      -
    239M  ILE*     3.7     3.1    +      -       -      +
    240M  ALA*     3.4    16.6    +      -       -      +
    253M  LEU*     4.4     1.4    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 237 (chain M). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    233M  ALA      3.4    14.2    +      -       -      +
    234M  LEU*     3.3    11.2    +      -       +      +
    235M  THR      3.1     0.6    -      -       -      -
    236M  GLY*     1.3    77.0    -      -       -      +
    238M  THR*     1.3    59.7    +      -       -      +
    240M  ALA*     3.2     6.0    +      -       +      +
    241M  GLU*     2.9    36.7    +      -       +      +
    253M  LEU*     3.8    18.2    -      -       +      -
    255M  ILE*     4.5     4.3    -      -       +      -
    292M  LEU*     3.5    27.6    -      -       +      +
    295M  ARG*     3.4    45.3    -      -       +      +
    296M  ILE*     3.4    32.5    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with THR 238 (chain M). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     85M  VAL*     4.6     6.3    -      -       -      -
     87M  VAL*     4.0     8.7    -      -       +      -
    115M  LYS*     3.8    40.6    -      -       +      +
    116M  PRO      3.9     9.0    -      -       -      +
    117M  ILE*     3.4    19.1    -      -       -      +
    234M  LEU      3.1    13.6    +      -       -      -
    235M  THR      3.8     7.5    +      -       -      -
    236M  GLY      3.4     0.2    -      -       -      -
    237M  LEU*     1.3    75.6    -      -       -      +
    239M  ILE*     1.3    66.6    +      -       -      +
    241M  GLU*     3.1    15.4    +      -       +      +
    242M  TYR*     3.1    23.0    +      -       -      +
    295M  ARG*     3.8     5.9    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 239 (chain M). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     85M  VAL*     4.0    14.6    -      -       +      -
     86M  PRO      3.1    28.5    -      -       -      +
     87M  VAL*     3.8    15.9    -      -       +      -
     88M  GLY      4.8     2.6    +      -       -      +
     91M  THR*     3.3    31.0    -      -       +      +
     96M  ILE*     5.1     7.2    -      -       +      -
    183M  VAL*     4.4    10.3    -      -       +      -
    216M  ALA*     4.5     5.4    -      -       +      -
    218M  VAL*     4.6    10.8    -      -       +      -
    235M  THR      3.6    13.2    -      -       -      +
    236M  GLY*     3.9    10.3    -      -       -      +
    237M  LEU      3.4     0.2    -      -       -      -
    238M  THR*     1.3    77.0    -      -       -      +
    240M  ALA*     1.3    60.0    +      -       -      +
    242M  TYR*     3.6     8.8    +      -       -      +
    243M  PHE*     3.0    35.2    +      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 240 (chain M). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    183M  VAL*     4.0    11.2    -      -       +      +
    236M  GLY      3.4    11.0    +      -       -      +
    237M  LEU*     3.2    11.2    +      -       +      +
    238M  THR      3.1     0.8    -      -       -      -
    239M  ILE*     1.3    77.4    -      -       -      +
    241M  GLU*     1.3    65.4    +      -       +      +
    243M  PHE*     3.3    10.3    +      -       -      +
    244M  ARG*     3.4     9.0    +      -       -      +
    251M  VAL*     3.6    29.1    -      -       +      +
    253M  LEU*     4.1    23.8    -      -       +      -
    304M  VAL*     5.2     5.5    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 241 (chain M). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    115M  LYS*     5.7     1.9    +      -       -      -
    119M  ALA*     4.7     8.3    -      -       -      +
    120M  ASP      5.4     2.3    -      -       -      +
    122M  PRO*     5.2     2.3    -      -       -      +
    237M  LEU*     2.9    20.4    +      -       +      +
    238M  THR*     3.1    10.0    +      -       +      +
    240M  ALA*     1.3    76.4    -      -       +      +
    242M  TYR*     1.3    57.4    +      -       -      +
    244M  ARG*     3.5    31.8    +      -       -      +
    245M  ASP*     2.8    38.6    +      -       -      +
    295M  ARG*     2.9    64.5    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with TYR 242 (chain M). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     87M  VAL*     4.0    27.4    -      -       +      -
     88M  GLY*     3.5    34.8    -      -       -      +
     89M  ARG      5.0     0.2    -      -       -      -
    113M  LEU*     3.8    26.8    -      -       +      +
    115M  LYS*     4.0    19.5    -      -       +      +
    238M  THR      3.1    11.6    +      -       -      +
    239M  ILE      3.8     9.9    -      -       -      +
    240M  ALA      3.2     0.2    -      -       -      -
    241M  GLU*     1.3    77.9    -      -       -      +
    243M  PHE*     1.3    65.5    +      +       -      +
    244M  ARG      3.2     0.5    +      -       -      -
    245M  ASP*     5.2     0.9    -      -       -      -
    246M  GLU*     3.2    35.2    +      -       +      +
    247M  GLU*     3.0    41.8    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with PHE 243 (chain M). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     88M  GLY      3.3    29.2    -      -       -      -
     89M  ARG*     3.9    10.3    -      -       +      -
     91M  THR*     3.9     6.7    -      -       -      -
     92M  LEU*     3.9    17.9    -      -       +      -
    181M  PHE*     3.3    50.5    -      +       +      -
    183M  VAL*     4.0    18.2    -      -       +      -
    216M  ALA*     5.0     0.2    -      -       +      -
    239M  ILE*     3.0    39.7    +      -       +      -
    240M  ALA*     3.3     3.0    +      -       -      +
    242M  TYR*     1.3    79.4    -      +       +      +
    244M  ARG*     1.3    56.4    +      -       -      +
    247M  GLU*     3.3    13.0    -      -       +      +
    248M  GLY      3.3     5.5    +      -       -      -
    249M  GLN*     2.8    27.0    +      -       -      +
    251M  VAL*     3.5    20.2    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG 244 (chain M). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    122M  PRO*     4.0    16.8    -      -       -      +
    240M  ALA      3.4     9.7    +      -       -      +
    241M  GLU*     3.1    32.4    +      -       -      +
    242M  TYR      3.0     0.6    -      -       -      -
    243M  PHE*     1.3    78.1    -      -       -      +
    245M  ASP*     1.3   103.3    +      -       -      +
    248M  GLY*     3.0    21.3    +      -       -      -
    249M  GLN      4.0     4.9    +      -       -      -
    251M  VAL*     4.1    11.4    -      -       +      -
    295M  ARG      3.4    17.8    +      -       -      -
    297M  THR      2.9    24.9    +      -       -      +
    299M  THR*     3.9    18.2    -      -       -      +
    301M  LYS*     4.1     0.3    -      -       -      +
    302M  GLY*     3.7    33.6    +      -       -      +
    303M  SER      4.1     1.8    -      -       -      +
    304M  VAL*     3.6    18.5    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASP 245 (chain M). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    241M  GLU*     2.8    23.0    +      -       -      +
    242M  TYR*     5.2     0.4    -      -       -      -
    244M  ARG*     1.3   119.6    +      -       -      +
    246M  GLU*     1.3    74.7    +      -       +      +
    248M  GLY*     3.9     2.9    +      -       -      -
    299M  THR*     4.1     9.9    +      -       -      +
    301M  LYS*     4.0    26.4    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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A short description of the analytical approach
The contact analysis used in this page is based upon the approach developed in: Sobolev V., Wade R.C., Vriend G. and Edelman M. PROTEINS (1996) 25, 120-129. Contact legitimacy depends on the hydrophobic-hydrophilic properties of the contacting atoms. In order to define it, for each inter-atomic contact, eight atom classes have been introduced:


   I  Hydrophilic      - N and O that can donate and accept hydrogen bonds
                         (e.g., oxygen of hydroxyl group of Ser. or Thr)
  II  Acceptor         - N or O that can only accept a hydrogen bond
 III  Donor            - N that can only donate a hydrogen bond
  IV  Hydrophobic      - Cl, Br, I and all C atoms that are not in
                         aromatic rings and do not have a covalent bond to
                         a N or O atom
   V  Aromatic         - C in aromatic rings irrespective of any other 
                         bonds formed by the atom
  VI  Neutral          - C atoms that have a covalent bond to at least one
                         atom of class I or two or more atoms from class II
                         or III; atoms; S, F, P, and metal atoms in all cases
 VII  Neutral-donor    - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only one
                         atom of class III
VIII  Neutral-acceptor - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only 
                         one atom of class II
For each pair of contacts the state of legitimacy is shown below:

Legend:
+, legitimate
-, illegitimate
------------------------------------------------------------
  Atomic class           I  II  III   IV   V   VI  VII  VIII
------------------------------------------------------------
   I  (Hydrophilic)      +   +    +    -   +   +    +    +
  II  (Acceptor)         +   -    +    -   +   +    +    -
 III  (Donor)            +   +    -    -   +   +    -    +
  IV  (Hydrophobic)      -   -    -    +   +   +    +    +
   V  (Aromatic)         +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
  VI  (Neutral)          +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
 VII  (Neutral-donor)    +   +    -    +   +   +    -    +
VIII  (Neutral-acceptor) +   -    +    +   +   +    +    -
------------------------------------------------------------
Warning!
Atom classes for heterogroups are automatically assigned based on the atomic coordinates. However, in three cases (see below) the automatic assignment is currently ambiguous. In these cases, the user is advised to manually analyse the full list of contacts using LPC software.
1. Carbon atoms belonging to a 4-, 5- or 6-member ring are 
   considered "aromatic" (Class V) if the ring is approximately
   planar, and "hydrophobic" (Class IV) or "neutral" (Classes
   VI, VII, VIII) if the ring is non-planar.
2. The oxygen atom of a carbonyl or hydroxy group is considered
   "hydroxy" (Class I) if the CO bond is longer than 1.29 Å, and
   "carbonyl" (Class II) if shorter.
3. All nitrogen atoms are considered "hydrophilic" (Class I).

Please E-mail any questions and/or suggestions concerning this page to Vladimir.Sobolev@weizmann.ac.il