Contacts of the helix formed by residues 555 - 579 (chain A) in PDB entry 3K23


Residue contacts within the protein are derived with the CSU software (Sobolev V., Sorokine A., Prilusky J., Abola E.E. and Edelman M. (1999) Automated analysis of interatomic contacts in proteins. Bioinformatics, 15, 327-332). A short description of the analytical approach is given at the end of the page.
For CSU analysis of other PDB entry

Note:
Non-standard 3 letter residue codes indicate a heterogroup. To identify and analyse, use LPC software

Legend:
Dist - nearest distance (Å) between atoms of two residues
Surf - contact surface area (Å2) between two residues
HB   - hydrophilic-hydrophilic contact (hydrogen bond)
Arom - aromatic-aromatic contact
Phob - hydrophobic-hydrophobic contact
DC   - hydrophobic-hydrophilic contact (destabilizing contact)
+/-  - indicates presence/absence of a specific contacts
*    - indicates residues forming contacts  by their side chain
       (including CA atoms)
Residues in contact with SER 555 (chain A).
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    553A  PRO*     3.4    10.1    +      -       -      -
    554A  ASP*     1.3    75.4    -      -       -      +
    556A  THR*     1.3    66.3    +      -       -      +
    557A  TRP*     3.6    10.3    +      -       -      +
    558A  ARG*     3.4    24.4    +      -       -      +
    559A  ILE*     3.3    25.3    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with THR 556 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    555A  SER*     1.3    74.6    -      -       -      +
    557A  TRP*     1.3    65.9    +      -       -      +
    559A  ILE*     3.8     2.9    -      -       -      +
    560A  MET*     2.9    36.8    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with TRP 557 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    555A  SER*     3.4     8.8    +      -       -      +
    556A  THR*     1.3    79.3    -      -       -      +
    558A  ARG*     1.3    87.7    +      -       +      +
    560A  MET*     3.5     4.9    +      -       -      +
    561A  THR*     2.7    62.8    +      -       +      -
    746A  SER*     3.4    29.5    +      -       -      -
    747A  ILE*     3.9    13.0    -      -       +      +
    748A  GLU*     4.1     8.1    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG 558 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    548A  TYR*     5.0    14.6    -      -       +      -
    551A  SER*     3.2    37.1    -      -       -      -
    552A  VAL*     4.5     3.4    -      -       -      +
    553A  PRO      5.3     8.5    -      -       -      +
    555A  SER*     3.4    14.6    +      -       -      +
    557A  TRP*     1.3   103.5    -      -       +      +
    559A  ILE*     1.3    54.9    +      -       +      +
    561A  THR*     4.0     5.4    -      -       +      -
    562A  THR*     2.6    54.4    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 559 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
      1A  JZN      6.1     0.2    -      -       -      -
    548A  TYR*     3.1    24.0    -      -       +      +
    554A  ASP*     3.2    28.0    -      -       +      +
    555A  SER      3.3    19.4    +      -       -      +
    556A  THR*     3.3     4.8    +      -       -      +
    558A  ARG*     1.3    76.1    -      -       +      +
    560A  MET*     1.3    63.1    +      -       +      +
    562A  THR*     2.6    20.6    +      -       -      +
    563A  LEU*     2.9    27.7    +      -       +      +
    627A  LEU*     5.6     5.4    -      -       +      -
    629A  ILE*     4.3    26.0    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with MET 560 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
      1A  JZN      3.7    52.2    -      -       +      +
    556A  THR*     2.9    29.5    +      -       -      +
    557A  TRP*     3.8     2.5    -      -       -      +
    559A  ILE*     1.3    77.4    -      -       +      +
    561A  THR*     1.3    54.5    +      -       -      +
    563A  LEU*     3.2     7.7    +      -       +      +
    564A  ASN*     2.7    40.4    +      -       -      +
    638A  GLY      4.3     6.1    -      -       -      +
    735A  TYR*     4.1    21.5    -      -       +      +
    739A  THR*     4.7     7.6    -      -       -      -
    747A  ILE*     3.4    22.7    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with THR 561 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    557A  TRP*     2.7    53.5    +      -       +      -
    558A  ARG*     3.6     9.9    -      -       +      +
    560A  MET*     1.3    73.3    -      -       -      +
    562A  THR*     1.3    58.8    +      -       +      +
    564A  ASN*     3.1    14.7    +      -       -      +
    565A  MET*     2.8    37.9    +      -       +      +
    747A  ILE*     3.7     2.1    -      -       -      +
    748A  GLU*     3.3    34.1    +      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with THR 562 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    546A  ALA*     4.7    22.3    -      -       -      +
    547A  GLY      5.0     2.5    -      -       -      +
    548A  TYR*     3.9    26.6    -      -       +      -
    558A  ARG*     2.6    36.8    +      -       +      +
    559A  ILE*     2.6    27.2    +      -       -      +
    561A  THR*     1.3    74.7    -      -       +      +
    563A  LEU*     1.3    51.0    +      -       -      +
    565A  MET*     3.0     9.8    +      -       +      +
    566A  LEU*     2.7    38.1    +      -       -      +
    569A  ARG*     5.6     0.2    +      -       -      -
    627A  LEU*     5.0     5.4    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 563 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
      1A  JZN      2.5    69.4    +      -       +      +
    559A  ILE*     2.9    32.6    +      -       +      +
    560A  MET*     3.5     6.1    -      -       +      +
    562A  THR*     1.3    75.3    +      -       -      +
    564A  ASN*     1.3    55.6    +      -       -      +
    566A  LEU*     3.7     5.6    -      -       +      +
    567A  GLY*     2.8    24.8    +      -       -      -
    623A  PHE*     3.5    39.7    -      -       +      -
    627A  LEU*     3.7    24.2    -      -       +      -
    629A  ILE*     4.8     6.3    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASN 564 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
      1A  JZN      3.0    34.4    +      -       -      +
    560A  MET      2.7    18.2    +      -       -      +
    561A  THR*     3.2     5.6    -      -       -      +
    563A  LEU*     1.3    74.8    -      -       -      +
    565A  MET*     1.3    62.7    +      -       -      +
    567A  GLY      3.2     0.2    +      -       -      -
    568A  GLY      3.0    17.3    +      -       -      -
    747A  ILE*     3.2    19.8    -      -       -      +
    748A  GLU      2.8    25.9    +      -       -      +
    749A  PHE*     3.0    37.2    -      -       +      -
    750A  PRO*     3.4    20.8    -      -       +      +
    753A  LEU*     3.5     4.4    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with MET 565 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    561A  THR*     2.8    25.8    +      -       +      +
    562A  THR*     3.5     9.9    -      -       +      +
    564A  ASN*     1.3    74.3    -      -       -      +
    566A  LEU*     1.3    61.6    +      -       -      +
    568A  GLY*     3.3     9.0    +      -       -      -
    569A  ARG*     3.4    24.2    +      -       -      +
    748A  GLU*     3.3    49.8    -      -       +      +
    749A  PHE      3.6     7.6    -      -       -      +
    750A  PRO*     4.0    23.6    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 566 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
      1A  JZN      3.6    18.6    -      -       +      +
    544A  LEU*     4.2     8.1    -      -       +      -
    545A  TYR      4.6     3.1    -      -       -      +
    546A  ALA*     4.1    24.5    -      -       +      +
    562A  THR      2.7    20.2    +      -       -      +
    563A  LEU*     3.7    15.5    -      -       +      +
    565A  MET*     1.3    69.6    -      -       -      +
    567A  GLY*     1.3    63.6    -      -       -      +
    568A  GLY      3.1     2.0    +      -       -      -
    569A  ARG*     3.2    36.7    +      -       -      +
    570A  GLN*     2.8    54.5    +      -       +      +
    623A  PHE*     4.6     7.4    -      -       +      +
    624A  ALA*     4.5    13.5    -      -       +      -
    627A  LEU*     4.6     0.2    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLY 567 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
      1A  JZN      4.0    11.6    -      -       -      -
    563A  LEU      2.8    21.3    +      -       -      -
    564A  ASN      3.6     2.5    -      -       -      -
    566A  LEU*     1.3    73.1    -      -       -      +
    568A  GLY*     1.3    58.7    +      -       -      +
    571A  VAL*     3.0    28.1    +      -       -      +
    604A  MET*     3.0    28.0    -      -       -      +
    753A  LEU*     3.8     6.7    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLY 568 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    564A  ASN      3.0    10.3    +      -       -      -
    565A  MET      3.3     4.7    +      -       -      -
    566A  LEU      3.1     0.8    -      -       -      -
    567A  GLY*     1.3    76.9    -      -       -      +
    569A  ARG*     1.3    56.6    +      -       -      +
    570A  GLN      3.2     0.2    +      -       -      -
    571A  VAL*     3.3     4.4    +      -       -      +
    572A  ILE*     2.8    37.3    +      -       -      +
    750A  PRO*     3.9    13.7    -      -       -      -
    752A  MET*     4.3     5.3    -      -       -      +
    753A  LEU*     3.8    16.3    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG 569 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    544A  LEU*     3.5    41.8    -      -       +      +
    545A  TYR      2.7    34.5    +      -       -      +
    546A  ALA*     3.8    12.3    +      -       -      +
    562A  THR      5.6     0.2    +      -       -      -
    565A  MET*     3.4    14.2    +      -       -      +
    566A  LEU*     3.2    30.9    +      -       -      +
    568A  GLY*     1.3    75.8    -      -       -      +
    570A  GLN*     1.3    52.7    +      -       -      +
    572A  ILE*     3.4    16.9    -      -       +      +
    573A  ALA*     2.7    32.1    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLN 570 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
      1A  JZN      3.0    81.6    +      -       -      +
    542A  GLU      5.8     0.4    +      -       -      -
    544A  LEU*     4.2    17.7    -      -       +      +
    566A  LEU*     2.8    37.3    +      -       +      +
    568A  GLY      3.1     0.6    -      -       -      -
    569A  ARG*     1.3    73.1    -      -       -      +
    571A  VAL*     1.3    54.7    +      -       -      +
    573A  ALA*     3.2     7.6    -      -       -      +
    574A  ALA*     2.6    36.3    +      -       -      +
    604A  MET*     3.1    14.6    -      -       +      -
    611A  ARG*     4.8     6.4    +      -       -      +
    623A  PHE      4.5     2.8    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 571 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    567A  GLY      3.0    23.2    +      -       -      +
    568A  GLY      3.5     4.3    -      -       -      +
    570A  GLN*     1.3    77.2    -      -       -      +
    572A  ILE*     1.3    60.9    +      -       -      +
    574A  ALA*     3.2     9.6    +      -       +      +
    575A  VAL*     3.0    32.4    +      -       +      +
    596A  LEU*     6.5     1.1    -      -       +      -
    600A  TRP*     4.1    24.5    -      -       +      +
    604A  MET*     3.8     9.6    -      -       +      +
    752A  MET*     3.5    25.6    -      -       +      -
    753A  LEU*     3.3    19.3    -      -       +      -
    756A  ILE*     3.5    20.9    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 572 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    568A  GLY      2.8    23.3    +      -       -      +
    569A  ARG*     3.4    20.4    -      -       +      +
    570A  GLN      3.2     0.2    -      -       -      -
    571A  VAL*     1.3    71.9    -      -       -      +
    573A  ALA*     1.3    70.1    +      -       -      +
    575A  VAL*     3.3    11.1    +      -       -      +
    576A  LYS*     3.5     9.9    +      -       -      +
    752A  MET*     4.1    28.3    -      -       +      -
    748D  LEU*     4.1    24.1    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 573 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
      1A  JZN      4.4     3.8    -      -       +      -
    541A  PRO*     4.0    25.4    -      -       +      +
    544A  LEU*     4.3    12.6    -      -       +      -
    569A  ARG      2.7    17.6    +      -       -      +
    570A  GLN*     3.2    13.5    -      -       -      +
    572A  ILE*     1.3    72.8    -      -       -      +
    574A  ALA*     1.3    64.4    +      -       -      +
    575A  VAL      2.8     2.3    +      -       -      -
    576A  LYS*     2.9    19.0    +      -       -      +
    577A  TRP*     3.1    12.3    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 574 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
      1A  JZN      4.1    20.8    -      -       +      +
    570A  GLN      2.6    19.2    +      -       -      +
    571A  VAL*     3.3    12.8    -      -       +      +
    573A  ALA*     1.3    72.6    -      -       -      +
    575A  VAL*     1.3    51.1    +      -       -      +
    577A  TRP*     3.3    14.1    -      -       -      +
    578A  ALA*     2.7    34.8    +      -       -      +
    596A  LEU*     4.0     8.0    -      -       +      +
    600A  TRP*     6.0     4.5    -      -       +      -
    603A  LEU*     4.5    16.6    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 575 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    571A  VAL*     3.0    24.7    -      -       +      +
    572A  ILE*     3.6     5.2    -      -       -      +
    573A  ALA      2.8     4.6    +      -       -      -
    574A  ALA*     1.3    70.5    -      -       -      +
    576A  LYS*     1.3    55.6    +      -       -      +
    578A  ALA*     3.0     2.8    +      -       -      +
    579A  LYS*     2.8    35.8    +      -       -      +
    596A  LEU*     4.0    17.3    -      -       +      -
    752A  MET*     5.3     0.7    -      -       -      -
    745D  LEU*     4.1    15.9    -      -       +      -
    748D  LEU*     3.7    37.7    -      -       +      +
    749D  LEU*     3.8    32.1    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LYS 576 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    572A  ILE      3.5     5.9    +      -       -      +
    573A  ALA*     2.9    11.0    +      -       -      +
    575A  VAL*     1.3    78.6    -      -       -      +
    577A  TRP*     1.3    65.8    +      -       -      +
    579A  LYS*     3.4    12.9    +      -       -      +
    580A  ALA*     3.4    17.5    +      -       -      +
    748D  LEU*     5.5     2.1    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with TRP 577 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
      1A  JZN      5.7     2.5    -      -       +      -
    536A  LEU*     4.7     5.2    +      -       +      +
    539A  ILE*     3.3    43.9    -      -       +      +
    540A  GLU*     4.0     4.4    +      -       -      -
    541A  PRO*     3.8    25.1    -      -       +      -
    573A  ALA      3.1    10.5    +      -       -      +
    574A  ALA*     3.3    23.6    -      -       -      +
    576A  LYS*     1.3    76.9    -      -       -      +
    578A  ALA*     1.3    69.3    +      -       -      +
    580A  ALA*     2.8    21.2    +      -       -      +
    581A  ILE*     3.3    32.9    +      -       +      +
    603A  LEU*     3.6    27.4    -      -       +      -
    664A  LEU*     5.3     0.4    -      -       -      +
    667A  LYS*     3.7    35.4    -      -       +      +
    668A  THR*     3.9    33.0    -      -       -      -
    671A  LEU*     3.9    12.8    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 578 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    574A  ALA      2.7    18.3    +      -       -      +
    575A  VAL*     3.0     8.5    +      -       -      +
    577A  TRP*     1.3    73.1    -      -       +      +
    579A  LYS*     1.3    59.0    +      -       -      +
    580A  ALA      2.8     7.1    +      -       -      -
    581A  ILE*     2.8    33.4    +      -       -      +
    584A  PHE*     3.4    31.8    -      -       +      +
    596A  LEU*     3.6    22.9    -      -       +      -
    671A  LEU*     4.2     5.6    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LYS 579 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    575A  VAL*     2.8    21.6    +      -       -      +
    576A  LYS*     3.8    11.0    -      -       -      +
    577A  TRP      3.1     0.4    +      -       -      -
    578A  ALA*     1.3    71.8    -      -       -      +
    580A  ALA*     1.3    54.5    +      -       -      +
    584A  PHE*     4.0     9.2    -      -       +      -
    585A  ARG*     2.7    57.7    +      -       -      +
    592A  GLN*     4.6     4.3    -      -       -      +
    748D  LEU      3.2    26.7    +      -       -      -
    749D  LEU*     3.6    22.4    -      -       +      +
    751D  LYS*     3.3    34.2    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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A short description of the analytical approach
The contact analysis used in this page is based upon the approach developed in: Sobolev V., Wade R.C., Vriend G. and Edelman M. PROTEINS (1996) 25, 120-129. Contact legitimacy depends on the hydrophobic-hydrophilic properties of the contacting atoms. In order to define it, for each inter-atomic contact, eight atom classes have been introduced:


   I  Hydrophilic      - N and O that can donate and accept hydrogen bonds
                         (e.g., oxygen of hydroxyl group of Ser. or Thr)
  II  Acceptor         - N or O that can only accept a hydrogen bond
 III  Donor            - N that can only donate a hydrogen bond
  IV  Hydrophobic      - Cl, Br, I and all C atoms that are not in
                         aromatic rings and do not have a covalent bond to
                         a N or O atom
   V  Aromatic         - C in aromatic rings irrespective of any other 
                         bonds formed by the atom
  VI  Neutral          - C atoms that have a covalent bond to at least one
                         atom of class I or two or more atoms from class II
                         or III; atoms; S, F, P, and metal atoms in all cases
 VII  Neutral-donor    - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only one
                         atom of class III
VIII  Neutral-acceptor - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only 
                         one atom of class II
For each pair of contacts the state of legitimacy is shown below:

Legend:
+, legitimate
-, illegitimate
------------------------------------------------------------
  Atomic class           I  II  III   IV   V   VI  VII  VIII
------------------------------------------------------------
   I  (Hydrophilic)      +   +    +    -   +   +    +    +
  II  (Acceptor)         +   -    +    -   +   +    +    -
 III  (Donor)            +   +    -    -   +   +    -    +
  IV  (Hydrophobic)      -   -    -    +   +   +    +    +
   V  (Aromatic)         +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
  VI  (Neutral)          +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
 VII  (Neutral-donor)    +   +    -    +   +   +    -    +
VIII  (Neutral-acceptor) +   -    +    +   +   +    +    -
------------------------------------------------------------
Warning!
Atom classes for heterogroups are automatically assigned based on the atomic coordinates. However, in three cases (see below) the automatic assignment is currently ambiguous. In these cases, the user is advised to manually analyse the full list of contacts using LPC software.
1. Carbon atoms belonging to a 4-, 5- or 6-member ring are 
   considered "aromatic" (Class V) if the ring is approximately
   planar, and "hydrophobic" (Class IV) or "neutral" (Classes
   VI, VII, VIII) if the ring is non-planar.
2. The oxygen atom of a carbonyl or hydroxy group is considered
   "hydroxy" (Class I) if the CO bond is longer than 1.29 Å, and
   "carbonyl" (Class II) if shorter.
3. All nitrogen atoms are considered "hydrophilic" (Class I).

Please E-mail any questions and/or suggestions concerning this page to Vladimir.Sobolev@weizmann.ac.il