Contacts of the helix formed by residues 324 - 347 (chain B) in PDB entry 3K5N


Residue contacts within the protein are derived with the CSU software (Sobolev V., Sorokine A., Prilusky J., Abola E.E. and Edelman M. (1999) Automated analysis of interatomic contacts in proteins. Bioinformatics, 15, 327-332). A short description of the analytical approach is given at the end of the page.
For CSU analysis of other PDB entry

Note:
Non-standard 3 letter residue codes indicate a heterogroup. To identify and analyse, use LPC software

Legend:
Dist - nearest distance (Å) between atoms of two residues
Surf - contact surface area (Å2) between two residues
HB   - hydrophilic-hydrophilic contact (hydrogen bond)
Arom - aromatic-aromatic contact
Phob - hydrophobic-hydrophobic contact
DC   - hydrophobic-hydrophilic contact (destabilizing contact)
+/-  - indicates presence/absence of a specific contacts
*    - indicates residues forming contacts  by their side chain
       (including CA atoms)
Residues in contact with ASP 324 (chain B).
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    185B  ASN*     4.7     0.4    -      -       -      -
    186B  GLY*     4.3    12.9    -      -       -      -
    187B  ASP      4.7     1.9    +      -       -      -
    319B  ARG*     5.8     3.1    -      -       -      +
    320B  ARG*     2.8    23.5    +      -       +      +
    323B  GLU*     1.3    80.4    -      -       +      +
    325B  LYS*     1.3    66.0    +      -       -      +
    326B  PRO*     3.1     8.9    -      -       -      +
    327B  ALA*     2.8    34.0    +      -       +      +
    328B  LEU      3.2     7.3    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with LYS 325 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    180B  MET*     3.3    15.1    -      -       +      +
    181B  LEU      2.0    34.4    +      -       -      +
    182B  GLY      3.2     9.7    +      -       -      -
    183B  PRO*     2.4    27.5    +      -       -      +
    185B  ASN*     3.6    18.9    -      -       +      +
    197B  TYR*     3.3    22.0    -      -       +      +
    320B  ARG      3.2     4.3    +      -       -      -
    321B  PHE*     2.8    55.6    -      -       +      +
    322B  ALA*     5.5     1.1    -      -       -      +
    324B  ASP*     1.3    74.5    -      -       -      +
    326B  PRO*     1.3    74.9    -      -       +      +
    328B  LEU*     2.9    15.3    +      -       -      +
    329B  ALA      3.2     7.6    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with PRO 326 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    185B  ASN      3.3    27.4    -      -       -      +
    186B  GLY*     4.3     0.4    -      -       -      -
    187B  ASP      3.6    33.0    -      -       -      +
    188B  ALA*     4.2     8.1    -      -       +      +
    191B  LEU*     4.4    13.2    -      -       +      +
    193B  PHE*     4.2     1.9    -      -       -      -
    195B  LEU*     4.2    11.4    -      -       +      -
    197B  TYR*     3.5     8.1    -      -       -      +
    324B  ASP*     3.5     8.7    -      -       -      +
    325B  LYS*     1.3    96.1    -      -       +      +
    327B  ALA*     1.3    57.0    +      -       -      +
    329B  ALA*     3.2     6.4    -      -       -      +
    330B  THR*     3.1    25.7    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with ALA 327 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    320B  ARG*     3.9    23.6    +      -       -      +
    324B  ASP*     2.8    30.7    +      -       -      +
    326B  PRO*     1.3    75.4    -      -       -      +
    328B  LEU*     1.3    66.8    +      -       -      +
    329B  ALA      2.9     0.9    -      -       -      -
    330B  THR*     3.6    13.0    -      -       -      +
    331B  TYR*     3.0    23.6    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with LEU 328 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    158B  GLU*     4.5     7.9    -      -       +      -
    166B  TYR*     4.2    17.3    -      -       +      -
    167B  CYS*     4.2    20.6    -      -       -      -
    180B  MET*     3.9     7.0    -      -       +      -
    317B  ILE*     4.2    21.1    -      -       +      +
    320B  ARG*     4.2     9.8    -      -       +      +
    321B  PHE*     3.8    39.5    -      -       +      +
    324B  ASP      3.2     5.5    +      -       -      +
    325B  LYS*     2.9    16.0    +      -       -      +
    327B  ALA*     1.3    78.4    -      -       -      +
    329B  ALA*     1.3    57.8    +      -       -      +
    331B  TYR*     3.3    17.2    -      -       +      +
    332B  ASN*     3.0    27.9    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with ALA 329 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    178B  VAL*     4.0    10.6    -      -       +      +
    180B  MET*     3.7     9.8    -      -       +      +
    193B  PHE*     3.5    16.4    -      -       +      -
    195B  LEU*     3.5    31.6    -      -       +      -
    325B  LYS      3.2     1.2    +      -       -      +
    326B  PRO*     3.2    12.1    -      -       +      +
    328B  LEU*     1.3    79.0    -      -       -      +
    330B  THR*     1.3    67.0    -      -       -      +
    331B  TYR      3.0     0.7    +      -       -      -
    332B  ASN*     3.1     3.5    +      -       -      +
    333B  LEU*     3.1    25.6    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with THR 330 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    191B  LEU*     4.4     6.2    -      -       -      +
    193B  PHE*     3.4    25.8    -      -       +      -
    326B  PRO      3.1    14.5    +      -       -      -
    327B  ALA*     3.9    13.6    -      -       +      +
    329B  ALA*     1.3    79.3    -      -       -      +
    331B  TYR*     1.3    63.3    +      -       -      +
    333B  LEU*     3.8     2.1    +      -       -      +
    334B  LYS*     3.4    19.1    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with TYR 331 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    158B  GLU*     3.3    27.9    +      -       -      -
    317B  ILE*     4.7    19.7    -      -       +      +
    320B  ARG*     4.5    23.6    -      -       -      +
    327B  ALA      3.0    17.7    +      -       -      +
    328B  LEU*     3.3    19.1    -      -       +      +
    330B  THR*     1.3    78.2    -      -       -      +
    332B  ASN*     1.3    76.4    +      -       +      +
    334B  LYS*     3.3    14.8    +      -       -      +
    335B  ASN*     3.4    32.4    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with ASN 332 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    156B  ASP*     3.3    32.2    +      -       -      +
    158B  GLU*     4.2    13.7    -      -       +      +
    167B  CYS*     3.5    20.5    -      -       -      -
    168B  ILE      4.0     0.4    -      -       -      -
    169B  GLY*     3.4    32.1    -      -       -      +
    178B  VAL*     4.3     4.4    -      -       -      +
    328B  LEU      3.0    13.8    +      -       -      +
    329B  ALA*     3.5     5.8    -      -       -      +
    331B  TYR*     1.3    85.1    -      -       +      +
    333B  LEU*     1.3    57.4    +      -       -      +
    334B  LYS      2.9     1.8    -      -       -      -
    335B  ASN*     2.3    40.2    +      -       -      +
    336B  CYS*     3.1     2.4    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with LEU 333 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    170B  LEU      4.4     0.2    -      -       -      +
    171B  GLU*     4.0    26.9    -      -       +      -
    176B  ARG*     3.8    27.4    -      -       +      +
    177B  ILE      3.9    18.6    -      -       -      +
    178B  VAL*     4.2     6.7    -      -       +      +
    193B  PHE*     3.3    46.0    -      -       +      -
    329B  ALA      3.1    12.7    +      -       -      +
    330B  THR      4.2     3.4    -      -       -      +
    332B  ASN*     1.3    79.6    -      -       -      +
    334B  LYS*     1.3    50.9    +      -       -      +
    336B  CYS*     3.2    13.1    +      -       +      +
    337B  GLU*     2.6    46.8    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with LYS 334 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    303B  GLU*     3.1    33.7    +      -       -      -
    330B  THR      3.4    11.0    +      -       -      +
    331B  TYR*     3.3    12.7    +      -       -      +
    332B  ASN      2.8     1.2    +      -       -      -
    333B  LEU*     1.3    79.6    -      -       -      +
    335B  ASN*     1.3    57.6    +      -       -      +
    337B  GLU*     4.0    13.4    +      -       +      +
    338B  LEU*     2.3    56.6    +      -       +      +
    341B  GLN*     4.5     8.7    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with ASN 335 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    156B  ASP*     3.3    25.2    +      -       -      +
    158B  GLU*     3.7    10.5    +      -       -      -
    293B  LEU*     4.0    24.4    -      -       +      +
    331B  TYR*     3.4    40.4    +      -       -      +
    332B  ASN*     2.3    31.9    +      -       -      +
    334B  LYS*     1.3    68.3    -      -       -      +
    336B  CYS*     1.3    63.0    +      -       -      +
    338B  LEU*     3.3    15.1    +      -       -      +
    339B  VAL*     3.5    16.6    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with CYS 336 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    154B  SER*     3.0    31.6    +      -       -      +
    156B  ASP*     3.7    19.3    -      -       -      -
    169B  GLY      2.8    36.1    -      -       -      -
    171B  GLU*     3.2    26.8    -      -       +      +
    332B  ASN*     3.1    11.1    +      -       -      -
    333B  LEU*     3.5    15.5    -      -       +      +
    335B  ASN*     1.3    79.2    -      -       -      +
    337B  GLU*     1.3    62.9    +      -       -      +
    339B  VAL*     3.4     1.4    +      -       -      -
    340B  THR      3.2    11.1    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with GLU 337 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    171B  GLU*     3.5    22.5    -      -       -      +
    176B  ARG*     2.8    43.1    +      -       -      +
    333B  LEU*     2.6    34.2    +      -       +      +
    334B  LYS*     3.8    13.2    +      -       -      +
    335B  ASN      3.2     0.4    -      -       -      -
    336B  CYS*     1.3    77.7    -      -       -      +
    338B  LEU*     1.3    56.0    +      -       +      +
    340B  THR*     3.5     1.7    -      -       -      +
    341B  GLN*     2.4    53.9    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with LEU 338 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    293B  LEU*     3.9    16.8    -      -       +      -
    297B  ALA*     3.9    24.7    -      -       +      -
    301B  LEU*     4.1    12.2    -      -       +      +
    303B  GLU*     4.0    23.8    -      -       +      +
    334B  LYS*     2.3    56.0    +      -       +      +
    335B  ASN*     3.3     9.4    +      -       -      +
    337B  GLU*     1.3    78.4    -      -       +      +
    339B  VAL*     1.3    57.5    +      -       -      +
    341B  GLN*     3.6    12.3    -      -       -      +
    342B  ILE*     2.7    41.4    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with VAL 339 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    154B  SER*     3.9     7.9    -      -       -      +
    221B  ILE*     4.3     4.5    -      -       +      -
    222B  GLY*     4.0    22.2    -      -       -      +
    223B  TRP*     4.1    24.7    -      -       +      +
    293B  LEU*     3.7    19.1    -      -       +      -
    335B  ASN      3.5    15.0    -      -       -      +
    336B  CYS*     3.4     5.6    +      -       -      +
    337B  GLU      3.3     0.2    -      -       -      -
    338B  LEU*     1.3    74.6    -      -       -      +
    340B  THR*     1.3    67.4    +      -       -      +
    342B  ILE*     3.4     6.2    -      -       -      +
    343B  PHE*     2.7    56.9    +      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with THR 340 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    152B  TRP*     4.7     5.2    -      -       +      -
    154B  SER*     3.6    10.2    -      -       -      -
    171B  GLU*     2.6    40.7    +      -       -      +
    221B  ILE*     4.1    13.5    -      -       -      +
    336B  CYS      3.2     4.1    +      -       -      -
    337B  GLU      3.5     5.6    -      -       -      +
    339B  VAL*     1.3    83.6    -      -       -      +
    341B  GLN*     1.3    68.7    +      -       +      +
    343B  PHE*     3.0     9.6    +      -       -      +
    344B  HIS*     3.0    38.0    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with GLN 341 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    301B  LEU*     4.1    29.4    -      -       +      +
    303B  GLU*     5.5     3.2    +      -       -      -
    334B  LYS*     4.5     8.2    +      -       -      +
    337B  GLU*     2.4    51.2    +      -       +      +
    338B  LEU*     3.6    16.4    -      -       -      +
    340B  THR*     1.3    80.7    -      -       +      +
    342B  ILE*     1.3    64.9    +      -       -      +
    344B  HIS*     3.3     8.7    +      -       -      +
    345B  LYS*     3.0    22.2    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with ILE 342 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    223B  TRP*     4.0    35.2    -      -       +      -
    281B  LEU*     4.5     9.0    -      -       +      -
    293B  LEU*     4.5    10.3    -      -       +      -
    296B  VAL*     4.3    13.9    -      -       +      -
    297B  ALA*     4.9     3.6    -      -       -      +
    300B  LEU*     4.2    11.0    -      -       +      -
    301B  LEU*     3.6    21.5    -      -       +      -
    338B  LEU*     2.7    30.2    +      -       +      +
    339B  VAL*     3.4     5.8    -      -       -      +
    341B  GLN*     1.3    71.2    -      -       -      +
    343B  PHE*     1.3    67.2    +      -       +      +
    345B  LYS*     4.4     4.7    -      -       -      +
    346B  THR*     2.7    54.7    +      -       +      +
    348B  ILE*     5.7     0.4    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with PHE 343 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    152B  TRP*     3.4    32.4    -      +       +      -
    221B  ILE*     3.5    32.1    -      -       +      -
    222B  GLY      4.6     0.7    -      -       -      -
    223B  TRP*     5.0     1.1    -      +       -      -
    275B  ILE*     3.7    27.6    -      -       +      -
    277B  GLY*     4.1    21.5    -      -       -      -
    339B  VAL*     2.7    49.1    +      -       +      +
    340B  THR      3.0     9.2    +      -       -      +
    342B  ILE*     1.3    79.9    -      -       +      +
    344B  HIS*     1.3    54.9    +      -       -      +
    346B  THR*     3.0     5.5    +      -       -      -
    347B  GLU*     2.8    30.3    +      -       -      -
    348B  ILE*     3.6    25.3    +      -       +      +
    349B  MET*     4.5    16.6    +      -       +      +
    350B  PRO*     5.5     0.7    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with HIS 344 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    152B  TRP*     3.6    30.7    -      +       -      -
    340B  THR*     3.0    36.2    +      -       +      +
    341B  GLN*     3.5     8.4    -      -       -      +
    342B  ILE      3.0     0.4    -      -       -      -
    343B  PHE*     1.3    78.5    -      -       -      +
    345B  LYS*     1.3    67.7    +      -       -      +
    347B  GLU*     3.3    22.2    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with LYS 345 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    286B  TRP*     5.1     2.8    -      -       -      -
    300B  LEU*     4.1    40.3    -      -       +      +
    301B  LEU*     4.6    13.5    -      -       +      +
    341B  GLN      3.0    13.7    +      -       -      +
    342B  ILE      3.9     2.5    -      -       -      +
    344B  HIS*     1.3    81.4    -      -       -      +
    346B  THR*     1.3    62.6    +      -       -      +
    347B  GLU*     4.0     4.3    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with THR 346 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    281B  LEU*     3.7    25.3    -      -       +      +
    286B  TRP*     3.6    34.6    +      -       +      -
    300B  LEU*     3.5    19.7    -      -       +      -
    342B  ILE*     2.7    37.0    +      -       +      +
    343B  PHE*     3.0     6.2    +      -       -      -
    345B  LYS*     1.3    69.3    -      -       -      +
    347B  GLU*     1.3    83.3    +      -       -      +
    348B  ILE*     3.2    15.6    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with GLU 347 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    343B  PHE      2.8    12.5    +      -       -      -
    344B  HIS*     3.6    14.9    -      -       -      +
    345B  LYS      3.2     4.5    -      -       -      +
    346B  THR*     1.3    92.0    +      -       -      +
    348B  ILE*     1.3    60.9    +      -       -      +
    349B  MET      3.4     2.6    +      -       -      -
    350B  PRO*     3.8    20.4    -      -       +      +
    351B  PHE*     3.5    15.6    +      -       -      +
    487B  PRO*     5.9     4.9    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page


A short description of the analytical approach
The contact analysis used in this page is based upon the approach developed in: Sobolev V., Wade R.C., Vriend G. and Edelman M. PROTEINS (1996) 25, 120-129. Contact legitimacy depends on the hydrophobic-hydrophilic properties of the contacting atoms. In order to define it, for each inter-atomic contact, eight atom classes have been introduced:


   I  Hydrophilic      - N and O that can donate and accept hydrogen bonds
                         (e.g., oxygen of hydroxyl group of Ser. or Thr)
  II  Acceptor         - N or O that can only accept a hydrogen bond
 III  Donor            - N that can only donate a hydrogen bond
  IV  Hydrophobic      - Cl, Br, I and all C atoms that are not in
                         aromatic rings and do not have a covalent bond to
                         a N or O atom
   V  Aromatic         - C in aromatic rings irrespective of any other 
                         bonds formed by the atom
  VI  Neutral          - C atoms that have a covalent bond to at least one
                         atom of class I or two or more atoms from class II
                         or III; atoms; S, F, P, and metal atoms in all cases
 VII  Neutral-donor    - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only one
                         atom of class III
VIII  Neutral-acceptor - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only 
                         one atom of class II
For each pair of contacts the state of legitimacy is shown below:

Legend:
+, legitimate
-, illegitimate
------------------------------------------------------------
  Atomic class           I  II  III   IV   V   VI  VII  VIII
------------------------------------------------------------
   I  (Hydrophilic)      +   +    +    -   +   +    +    +
  II  (Acceptor)         +   -    +    -   +   +    +    -
 III  (Donor)            +   +    -    -   +   +    -    +
  IV  (Hydrophobic)      -   -    -    +   +   +    +    +
   V  (Aromatic)         +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
  VI  (Neutral)          +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
 VII  (Neutral-donor)    +   +    -    +   +   +    -    +
VIII  (Neutral-acceptor) +   -    +    +   +   +    +    -
------------------------------------------------------------
Warning!
Atom classes for heterogroups are automatically assigned based on the atomic coordinates. However, in three cases (see below) the automatic assignment is currently ambiguous. In these cases, the user is advised to manually analyse the full list of contacts using LPC software.
1. Carbon atoms belonging to a 4-, 5- or 6-member ring are 
   considered "aromatic" (Class V) if the ring is approximately
   planar, and "hydrophobic" (Class IV) or "neutral" (Classes
   VI, VII, VIII) if the ring is non-planar.
2. The oxygen atom of a carbonyl or hydroxy group is considered
   "hydroxy" (Class I) if the CO bond is longer than 1.29 Å, and
   "carbonyl" (Class II) if shorter.
3. All nitrogen atoms are considered "hydrophilic" (Class I).

Please E-mail any questions and/or suggestions concerning this page to Vladimir.Sobolev@weizmann.ac.il