Contacts of the helix formed by residues 280 - 305 (chain B) in PDB entry 3N1Z


Residue contacts within the protein are derived with the CSU software (Sobolev V., Sorokine A., Prilusky J., Abola E.E. and Edelman M. (1999) Automated analysis of interatomic contacts in proteins. Bioinformatics, 15, 327-332). A short description of the analytical approach is given at the end of the page.
For CSU analysis of other PDB entry

Note:
Non-standard 3 letter residue codes indicate a heterogroup. To identify and analyse, use LPC software

Legend:
Dist - nearest distance (Å) between atoms of two residues
Surf - contact surface area (Å2) between two residues
HB   - hydrophilic-hydrophilic contact (hydrogen bond)
Arom - aromatic-aromatic contact
Phob - hydrophobic-hydrophobic contact
DC   - hydrophobic-hydrophilic contact (destabilizing contact)
+/-  - indicates presence/absence of a specific contacts
*    - indicates residues forming contacts  by their side chain
       (including CA atoms)
Residues in contact with GLY 280 (chain B).
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    278B  LYS      3.6     0.6    +      -       -      -
    279B  GLU*     1.3    74.1    -      -       -      +
    281B  ASN*     1.3    59.0    +      -       -      +
    282B  ARG      3.4     2.0    -      -       -      +
    283B  GLU*     3.1    29.5    +      -       -      +
    284B  VAL*     2.9    31.5    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASN 281 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     66B  PRO      3.6     8.7    -      -       -      +
     67B  LEU*     3.6    15.2    -      -       +      +
     68B  LYS*     2.7    48.4    +      -       -      +
    275B  ALA*     2.8    40.1    +      -       +      +
    276B  LEU*     5.0     0.2    -      -       +      -
    278B  LYS*     3.3    16.8    +      -       -      +
    279B  GLU      3.1     6.6    +      -       -      +
    280B  GLY*     1.3    75.8    -      -       -      +
    282B  ARG*     1.3    58.7    +      -       -      +
    284B  VAL*     2.7     6.1    +      -       -      +
    285B  LEU*     2.6    39.1    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG 282 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    276B  LEU*     3.5    50.7    -      -       +      +
    278B  LYS      4.9     0.8    +      -       -      -
    280B  GLY*     3.4     0.8    -      -       -      +
    281B  ASN*     1.3    76.6    -      -       -      +
    283B  GLU*     1.3    73.2    +      -       -      +
    285B  LEU*     3.3     5.7    +      -       -      +
    286B  GLN*     2.9    59.0    +      -       +      +
    329B  GLY*     3.7    30.5    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 283 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    280B  GLY*     3.1    33.7    +      -       -      +
    281B  ASN      3.0     0.4    -      -       -      -
    282B  ARG*     1.3   100.0    +      -       -      +
    284B  VAL*     1.3    61.5    +      -       +      +
    286B  GLN*     3.8    10.6    -      -       -      +
    287B  LYS*     3.1    37.2    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 284 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     66B  PRO*     3.9    34.8    -      -       +      +
     67B  LEU*     4.1     8.3    -      -       +      +
    280B  GLY      2.9    20.9    +      -       -      +
    281B  ASN*     2.7    16.9    +      -       -      +
    283B  GLU*     1.3    74.9    -      -       +      +
    285B  LEU*     1.3    62.2    +      -       -      +
    287B  LYS*     3.4     8.2    +      -       +      +
    288B  TRP*     3.3    55.4    +      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 285 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     67B  LEU*     3.7    31.4    -      -       +      -
    219B  PHE*     5.0     5.2    -      -       +      -
    220B  THR*     3.4    25.3    -      -       -      +
    224B  LEU*     4.4    11.4    -      -       +      -
    272B  VAL*     4.2    30.1    -      -       +      -
    275B  ALA*     4.4    11.0    -      -       +      -
    276B  LEU*     4.5    11.2    -      -       +      -
    281B  ASN      2.6    19.3    +      -       -      +
    282B  ARG*     3.7     4.7    -      -       -      +
    284B  VAL*     1.3    74.3    -      -       -      +
    286B  GLN*     1.3    58.2    +      -       +      +
    288B  TRP*     3.5     9.4    +      -       +      +
    289B  VAL*     3.0    34.6    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLN 286 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    282B  ARG*     2.9    53.2    +      -       +      +
    283B  GLU*     3.3    10.8    +      -       -      +
    284B  VAL      3.3     0.2    -      -       -      -
    285B  LEU*     1.3    77.2    -      -       +      +
    287B  LYS*     1.3    62.3    +      -       +      +
    288B  TRP      3.2     0.2    -      -       -      -
    289B  VAL*     3.8     7.2    -      -       +      +
    290B  ALA*     2.8    31.2    +      -       -      +
    329B  GLY      4.5    16.6    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LYS 287 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    283B  GLU*     3.1    29.7    +      -       +      +
    284B  VAL*     3.9     7.4    -      -       +      +
    285B  LEU      3.4     0.2    -      -       -      -
    286B  GLN*     1.3    78.1    -      -       +      +
    288B  TRP*     1.3    59.8    +      -       +      +
    290B  ALA*     3.5     7.7    +      -       -      +
    291B  LYS*     3.0    26.3    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with TRP 288 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     65B  SER*     3.9     3.4    -      -       -      -
     66B  PRO*     3.4    33.4    -      -       +      +
     67B  LEU*     3.9     9.2    -      -       +      -
    214B  ASP*     3.5    18.8    -      -       -      -
    216B  GLY*     3.4    21.5    -      -       -      -
    217B  GLU*     3.4    48.7    +      -       +      +
    220B  THR*     3.6    27.4    -      -       +      -
    284B  VAL*     3.3    29.5    +      -       +      -
    285B  LEU*     3.7    14.8    -      -       +      +
    286B  GLN      3.2     0.4    -      -       -      -
    287B  LYS*     1.3    79.8    -      -       +      +
    289B  VAL*     1.3    66.1    +      -       -      +
    291B  LYS*     3.1    15.0    +      -       +      +
    292B  TRP*     3.0    25.8    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 289 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    220B  THR*     3.6    17.5    -      -       +      -
    224B  LEU*     4.9     4.9    -      -       +      -
    225B  VAL*     4.2    13.7    -      -       +      -
    285B  LEU*     3.0    20.3    +      -       +      +
    286B  GLN*     3.9     7.2    -      -       +      +
    288B  TRP*     1.3    72.9    -      -       -      +
    290B  ALA*     1.3    60.8    +      -       -      +
    291B  LYS      3.1     0.2    +      -       -      -
    292B  TRP      3.1     0.5    +      -       -      -
    293B  GLU*     2.7    47.6    +      -       +      +
    325B  ARG*     3.4    41.1    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 290 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    286B  GLN      2.8    20.6    +      -       -      +
    287B  LYS*     3.5     9.0    -      -       -      +
    289B  VAL*     1.3    77.7    -      -       -      +
    291B  LYS*     1.3    56.9    +      -       -      +
    293B  GLU*     4.7     8.3    -      -       -      -
    294B  PRO*     3.0    25.8    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LYS 291 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    217B  GLU*     2.9    30.8    +      -       -      -
    287B  LYS      3.0    13.7    +      -       -      +
    288B  TRP*     3.2    16.4    -      -       +      +
    289B  VAL      3.0     0.8    -      -       -      -
    290B  ALA*     1.3    79.5    -      -       -      +
    292B  TRP*     1.3    81.6    +      -       +      +
    294B  PRO*     3.4    14.6    -      -       -      +
    295B  LEU*     4.8     5.2    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with TRP 292 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    205B  LEU*     3.9    21.7    -      -       +      +
    208B  LYS*     3.6    20.4    -      -       +      -
    209B  ALA*     3.3    39.9    -      -       +      -
    212B  ALA*     4.1    15.3    -      -       +      -
    217B  GLU*     3.2    29.6    +      -       -      +
    221B  ALA*     3.8    24.9    -      -       +      +
    225B  VAL*     3.9    25.8    -      -       +      +
    288B  TRP*     3.0    32.8    +      -       +      +
    289B  VAL*     5.1     0.2    -      -       -      -
    291B  LYS*     1.3    94.9    -      -       +      +
    293B  GLU*     1.3    67.0    +      -       -      +
    294B  PRO*     3.1     3.1    -      -       -      -
    295B  LEU*     2.9    30.2    +      -       +      +
    296B  ALA      3.1     8.1    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 293 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    225B  VAL*     4.1     9.1    -      -       +      +
    289B  VAL*     2.7    31.2    +      -       +      +
    290B  ALA*     4.4     6.4    -      -       -      +
    292B  TRP*     1.3    69.4    -      -       -      +
    294B  PRO*     1.3    70.5    -      -       +      +
    296B  ALA*     2.9    13.8    +      -       +      +
    297B  ASP*     3.0    29.0    +      -       -      +
    322B  ARG*     3.9    22.3    +      -       -      +
    325B  ARG*     3.2    32.4    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with PRO 294 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    290B  ALA      3.0    23.8    -      -       -      +
    291B  LYS      3.4     8.7    -      -       -      +
    292B  TRP      3.2     4.0    -      -       -      -
    293B  GLU*     1.3    94.4    -      -       +      +
    295B  LEU*     1.3    61.2    +      -       +      +
    297B  ASP*     3.5    10.3    +      -       +      +
    298B  LYS*     3.2    24.2    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 295 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    201B  GLY      4.3     2.0    -      -       -      +
    204B  GLU*     3.7    19.7    -      -       +      +
    205B  LEU*     3.7    25.3    -      -       +      +
    208B  LYS*     3.8    27.8    -      -       +      +
    291B  LYS      4.8     4.2    +      -       -      +
    292B  TRP*     2.9    35.4    +      -       +      +
    294B  PRO*     1.3    80.7    -      -       +      +
    296B  ALA*     1.3    60.6    +      -       -      +
    298B  LYS*     3.6    35.0    -      -       +      +
    299B  ALA*     3.2    19.8    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 296 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    205B  LEU*     3.9    15.7    -      -       +      +
    225B  VAL*     3.6    28.7    -      -       +      +
    229B  ALA*     4.4    13.9    -      -       +      +
    292B  TRP      3.1     3.2    +      -       -      -
    293B  GLU*     2.9    12.7    +      -       +      +
    295B  LEU*     1.3    74.9    -      -       -      +
    297B  ASP*     1.3    68.9    +      -       -      +
    299B  ALA*     2.9    13.3    +      -       -      +
    300B  ILE*     3.0    20.0    +      -       +      +
    325B  ARG*     5.9     1.3    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASP 297 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    293B  GLU*     3.0    26.7    +      -       -      +
    294B  PRO*     3.9     9.3    -      -       +      +
    296B  ALA*     1.3    77.2    -      -       -      +
    298B  LYS*     1.3    57.4    +      -       -      +
    300B  ILE*     3.3     8.8    +      -       -      +
    301B  GLU*     2.9    50.6    +      -       -      +
    318B  LYS*     3.8    15.4    -      -       -      +
    322B  ARG*     2.9    34.3    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LYS 298 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    200B  GLN      6.1     0.2    -      -       -      -
    201B  GLY*     3.9    13.4    +      -       -      +
    204B  GLU*     2.4    41.2    +      -       -      +
    294B  PRO      3.2    11.9    +      -       -      +
    295B  LEU*     3.6    24.5    -      -       +      +
    296B  ALA      3.1     0.2    -      -       -      -
    297B  ASP*     1.3    80.6    -      -       -      +
    299B  ALA*     1.3    59.6    -      -       -      +
    301B  GLU*     3.6    13.7    +      -       -      +
    302B  ALA*     3.1    24.6    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 299 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    198B  ALA      4.7     0.2    -      -       -      +
    201B  GLY*     3.5    15.5    -      -       -      +
    202B  PHE*     3.4    49.3    +      -       +      +
    205B  LEU*     4.4     5.2    -      -       +      -
    295B  LEU      3.2    10.0    +      -       -      +
    296B  ALA      2.9    10.1    +      -       -      +
    298B  LYS*     1.3    77.4    -      -       -      +
    300B  ILE*     1.3    62.5    +      -       -      +
    302B  ALA*     3.3     2.3    +      -       -      +
    303B  TYR*     3.1    26.0    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 300 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    202B  PHE*     4.7     5.4    -      -       +      -
    229B  ALA*     4.0    33.4    -      -       +      +
    233B  ALA*     4.9     1.1    -      -       +      -
    296B  ALA*     3.0    15.3    +      -       +      +
    297B  ASP*     3.8     9.4    -      -       -      +
    299B  ALA*     1.3    75.3    -      -       -      +
    301B  GLU*     1.3    57.4    +      -       -      +
    303B  TYR*     4.8     1.8    -      -       -      -
    304B  CYS*     3.0    35.2    +      -       -      +
    314B  ILE*     3.9    26.1    -      -       +      +
    317B  ALA*     3.9    45.3    -      -       +      +
    318B  LYS*     4.1    12.1    -      -       +      +
    321B  SER*     4.1     7.0    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 301 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    297B  ASP*     2.9    30.1    +      -       -      +
    298B  LYS*     3.9    13.1    +      -       -      +
    300B  ILE*     1.3    75.0    -      -       -      +
    302B  ALA*     1.3    55.5    +      -       -      +
    305B  SER*     2.6    38.6    +      -       -      -
    314B  ILE*     3.6    18.2    -      -       +      -
    318B  LYS*     2.6    33.3    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 302 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    197B  PRO      3.6    21.2    -      -       -      +
    198B  ALA*     3.1    22.3    -      -       -      +
    201B  GLY*     4.1    12.1    -      -       -      +
    298B  LYS      3.1    17.9    +      -       -      +
    299B  ALA      3.9     3.1    -      -       -      +
    301B  GLU*     1.3    78.7    -      -       -      +
    303B  TYR*     1.3    64.5    +      -       -      +
    305B  SER*     3.6     8.2    +      -       -      -
    306B  ALA*     4.0     3.1    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with TYR 303 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    124B  PHE*     2.8    57.6    +      +       -      +
    198B  ALA*     3.3    19.5    +      -       -      +
    199B  TRP*     3.7    30.5    -      +       -      -
    202B  PHE*     3.9    16.6    -      +       +      -
    233B  ALA*     3.7    27.4    -      -       +      -
    234B  LEU*     3.5    24.8    -      -       +      +
    238B  LEU*     3.9    10.9    -      -       +      +
    299B  ALA      3.1    17.1    +      -       -      +
    300B  ILE      4.3     1.6    -      -       -      +
    302B  ALA*     1.3    78.2    -      -       -      +
    304B  CYS*     1.3    74.0    +      -       -      +
    306B  ALA*     3.0    20.1    +      -       -      +
    307B  LEU*     3.7    14.0    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with CYS 304 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    233B  ALA*     4.2    13.5    -      -       -      -
    237B  GLN*     4.3     9.2    -      -       -      -
    300B  ILE*     3.0    32.0    +      -       -      +
    303B  TYR*     1.3    89.9    -      -       -      +
    305B  SER*     1.3    64.5    +      -       -      +
    307B  LEU*     3.0    25.1    +      -       -      +
    310B  GLY*     3.1    14.9    -      -       -      -
    313B  ALA*     3.5    31.4    -      -       +      +
    314B  ILE*     3.6    11.4    -      -       +      -
    317B  ALA*     4.6     0.7    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with SER 305 (chain B). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    301B  GLU*     2.6    26.2    +      -       -      -
    302B  ALA*     3.6     7.4    +      -       -      -
    303B  TYR      3.3     0.2    -      -       -      -
    304B  CYS*     1.3    78.3    -      -       -      +
    306B  ALA*     1.3    63.0    +      -       -      +
    307B  LEU      3.2     6.9    +      -       -      +
    310B  GLY*     4.0     9.6    -      -       -      -
    311B  GLU*     4.3    11.5    -      -       -      +
    314B  ILE*     3.5    17.6    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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A short description of the analytical approach
The contact analysis used in this page is based upon the approach developed in: Sobolev V., Wade R.C., Vriend G. and Edelman M. PROTEINS (1996) 25, 120-129. Contact legitimacy depends on the hydrophobic-hydrophilic properties of the contacting atoms. In order to define it, for each inter-atomic contact, eight atom classes have been introduced:


   I  Hydrophilic      - N and O that can donate and accept hydrogen bonds
                         (e.g., oxygen of hydroxyl group of Ser. or Thr)
  II  Acceptor         - N or O that can only accept a hydrogen bond
 III  Donor            - N that can only donate a hydrogen bond
  IV  Hydrophobic      - Cl, Br, I and all C atoms that are not in
                         aromatic rings and do not have a covalent bond to
                         a N or O atom
   V  Aromatic         - C in aromatic rings irrespective of any other 
                         bonds formed by the atom
  VI  Neutral          - C atoms that have a covalent bond to at least one
                         atom of class I or two or more atoms from class II
                         or III; atoms; S, F, P, and metal atoms in all cases
 VII  Neutral-donor    - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only one
                         atom of class III
VIII  Neutral-acceptor - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only 
                         one atom of class II
For each pair of contacts the state of legitimacy is shown below:

Legend:
+, legitimate
-, illegitimate
------------------------------------------------------------
  Atomic class           I  II  III   IV   V   VI  VII  VIII
------------------------------------------------------------
   I  (Hydrophilic)      +   +    +    -   +   +    +    +
  II  (Acceptor)         +   -    +    -   +   +    +    -
 III  (Donor)            +   +    -    -   +   +    -    +
  IV  (Hydrophobic)      -   -    -    +   +   +    +    +
   V  (Aromatic)         +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
  VI  (Neutral)          +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
 VII  (Neutral-donor)    +   +    -    +   +   +    -    +
VIII  (Neutral-acceptor) +   -    +    +   +   +    +    -
------------------------------------------------------------
Warning!
Atom classes for heterogroups are automatically assigned based on the atomic coordinates. However, in three cases (see below) the automatic assignment is currently ambiguous. In these cases, the user is advised to manually analyse the full list of contacts using LPC software.
1. Carbon atoms belonging to a 4-, 5- or 6-member ring are 
   considered "aromatic" (Class V) if the ring is approximately
   planar, and "hydrophobic" (Class IV) or "neutral" (Classes
   VI, VII, VIII) if the ring is non-planar.
2. The oxygen atom of a carbonyl or hydroxy group is considered
   "hydroxy" (Class I) if the CO bond is longer than 1.29 Å, and
   "carbonyl" (Class II) if shorter.
3. All nitrogen atoms are considered "hydrophilic" (Class I).

Please E-mail any questions and/or suggestions concerning this page to Vladimir.Sobolev@weizmann.ac.il