Contacts of the helix formed by residues 78 - 100 (chain A) in PDB entry 3P4P


Residue contacts within the protein are derived with the CSU software (Sobolev V., Sorokine A., Prilusky J., Abola E.E. and Edelman M. (1999) Automated analysis of interatomic contacts in proteins. Bioinformatics, 15, 327-332). A short description of the analytical approach is given at the end of the page.
For CSU analysis of other PDB entry

Note:
Non-standard 3 letter residue codes indicate a heterogroup. To identify and analyse, use LPC software

Legend:
Dist - nearest distance (Å) between atoms of two residues
Surf - contact surface area (Å2) between two residues
HB   - hydrophilic-hydrophilic contact (hydrogen bond)
Arom - aromatic-aromatic contact
Phob - hydrophobic-hydrophobic contact
DC   - hydrophobic-hydrophilic contact (destabilizing contact)
+/-  - indicates presence/absence of a specific contacts
*    - indicates residues forming contacts  by their side chain
       (including CA atoms)
Residues in contact with GLU 78 (chain A).
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     77A  CYS*     1.3    68.1    -      -       -      +
     79A  GLN*     1.3    55.7    +      -       -      +
     80A  ASP*     3.2    11.9    -      -       -      +
     81A  VAL*     2.7    35.6    +      -       +      +
     82A  VAL*     3.0    12.1    +      -       -      +
    224A  ARG*     4.6     8.3    -      -       -      +
    365A  GLN*     5.8     1.6    +      -       -      -
    383A  VAL      4.3     3.8    -      -       -      +
    384A  GLY*     2.6    32.7    +      -       -      +
    550A  HIS*     2.7    31.0    +      -       -      +
    567A  ASP      3.6     4.7    -      -       -      +
    568A  VAL*     3.3     8.0    -      -       -      +
    569A  LYS*     3.1    39.0    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLN 79 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     66A  PHE*     3.4    14.1    -      -       +      -
     70A  VAL*     3.8    30.5    -      -       +      +
     75A  TRP*     4.0     2.8    +      -       -      +
     77A  CYS      4.1     6.5    +      -       -      +
     78A  GLU*     1.3    72.9    -      -       -      +
     80A  ASP*     1.3    61.6    +      -       -      +
     82A  VAL*     4.2     6.5    -      -       -      -
     83A  ASP*     3.2    19.6    +      -       -      +
    569A  LYS      3.1    17.2    +      -       -      +
    570A  ILE*     3.7    16.3    -      -       -      +
    571A  THR*     2.9    38.4    +      -       -      +
    573A  LEU*     2.7    51.6    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASP 80 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     78A  GLU*     3.7     9.2    -      -       -      +
     79A  GLN*     1.3    74.4    -      -       -      +
     81A  VAL*     1.3    70.1    +      -       -      +
     83A  ASP*     3.8     8.5    -      -       -      +
     84A  TYR*     3.4    20.4    +      -       -      +
    365A  GLN*     2.9    35.6    +      -       -      +
    569A  LYS*     3.8    27.7    +      -       +      +
    571A  THR*     4.2    17.6    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 81 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     78A  GLU*     2.7    22.0    +      -       +      +
     80A  ASP*     1.3    78.0    +      -       -      +
     82A  VAL*     1.3    65.8    +      -       -      +
     83A  ASP      3.1     1.8    -      -       -      -
     84A  TYR*     3.4     7.5    +      -       -      +
     85A  PHE*     3.1    20.6    +      -       -      +
    365A  GLN*     3.8    35.0    -      -       +      +
    383A  VAL*     3.6    25.8    -      -       +      +
    384A  GLY      4.0     0.4    -      -       -      -
    385A  LEU*     3.9    27.4    -      -       +      +
    402A  PHE*     3.8    23.2    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 82 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     66A  PHE*     3.5    35.0    -      -       +      +
     69A  THR*     3.7    24.9    -      -       +      -
     70A  VAL*     4.4     4.0    -      -       +      -
     77A  CYS*     3.8    25.1    -      -       +      -
     78A  GLU      3.0    14.3    +      -       -      +
     79A  GLN*     3.8     8.1    -      -       -      +
     80A  ASP      3.4     0.2    -      -       -      -
     81A  VAL*     1.3    77.4    -      -       -      +
     83A  ASP*     1.3    56.7    +      -       -      +
     85A  PHE*     3.3     1.2    +      -       -      +
     86A  VAL*     3.1    31.3    +      -       +      +
    384A  GLY      4.4     1.3    -      -       -      +
    385A  LEU*     3.9    22.9    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASP 83 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     66A  PHE*     3.9    15.6    -      -       +      -
     79A  GLN      3.2    15.1    +      -       -      +
     80A  ASP*     3.8     8.9    -      -       -      +
     82A  VAL*     1.3    76.8    -      -       -      +
     84A  TYR*     1.3    66.5    +      -       -      +
     86A  VAL*     3.2     9.0    -      -       -      +
     87A  HIS*     3.1    50.5    +      -       -      -
    571A  THR*     5.8     1.1    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with TYR 84 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     80A  ASP      3.4    11.6    +      -       -      +
     81A  VAL*     3.4     9.3    +      -       -      +
     83A  ASP*     1.3    83.8    +      -       -      +
     85A  PHE*     1.3    56.6    +      -       -      +
     87A  HIS*     4.1     2.4    -      -       -      +
     88A  HIS*     3.0    75.0    +      +       -      +
    365A  GLN      5.7     0.4    -      -       -      -
    401A  VAL*     4.0    20.2    +      -       +      +
    402A  PHE*     3.8    20.6    -      +       -      -
    404A  ARG*     5.5     4.2    -      -       -      -
    405A  LEU*     3.5    46.6    -      -       +      +
    408A  GLU*     5.5     0.7    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with PHE 85 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     65A  HIS*     3.9     7.6    -      +       -      -
     69A  THR*     5.2     0.9    -      -       -      -
     81A  VAL      3.1    18.0    +      -       -      +
     82A  VAL*     3.5     4.3    -      -       +      +
     83A  ASP      3.1     0.2    -      -       -      -
     84A  TYR*     1.3    78.5    -      -       -      +
     86A  VAL*     1.3    79.8    +      -       +      +
     88A  HIS*     3.4     1.0    +      -       -      +
     89A  CYS*     3.0    52.3    +      -       -      -
    385A  LEU*     3.5    23.6    -      -       +      -
    394A  ASN*     3.6    46.0    -      -       -      -
    397A  ALA*     3.7     6.7    -      -       +      -
    398A  GLU*     3.4    28.0    -      -       -      -
    401A  VAL*     4.2     7.5    -      -       +      +
    402A  PHE*     3.4    26.0    -      +       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 86 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     55A  VAL*     5.3     0.2    -      -       -      +
     62A  PHE*     3.0    41.5    -      -       +      +
     65A  HIS*     3.4    40.8    +      -       +      +
     66A  PHE*     3.6    20.4    -      -       +      +
     69A  THR*     4.9     0.2    -      -       -      +
     82A  VAL*     3.1    16.5    +      -       +      +
     83A  ASP*     3.2    17.3    -      -       -      +
     85A  PHE*     1.3    87.0    -      -       +      +
     87A  HIS*     1.3    70.2    -      -       +      +
     89A  CYS*     3.3     4.5    +      -       -      +
     90A  PRO*     3.0    15.1    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with HIS 87 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     62A  PHE*     3.7    43.8    -      +       +      +
     83A  ASP*     3.1    41.4    +      -       -      +
     84A  TYR*     4.1     4.0    -      -       -      +
     86A  VAL*     1.3    85.1    -      -       +      +
     88A  HIS*     1.3    66.5    +      -       +      +
     90A  PRO*     3.6     9.0    -      -       -      +
     91A  THR*     4.8     4.5    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with HIS 88 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     84A  TYR*     3.0    68.2    +      +       -      +
     85A  PHE      3.4     0.4    +      -       -      -
     87A  HIS*     1.3    81.7    -      -       +      +
     89A  CYS*     1.3    65.8    +      -       -      +
     90A  PRO      3.4     0.7    -      -       -      -
     91A  THR*     3.3    20.6    +      -       +      -
     92A  GLU*     3.2    24.9    +      -       +      +
    401A  VAL*     3.5    21.1    -      -       +      -
    404A  ARG*     5.7     8.5    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with CYS 89 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     53A  ALA      3.5    25.8    -      -       -      +
     54A  ALA*     3.7     7.4    -      -       -      +
     65A  HIS*     4.1     6.1    -      -       +      -
     85A  PHE*     3.0    57.6    +      -       -      +
     86A  VAL*     3.5     4.0    -      -       -      +
     88A  HIS*     1.3    76.9    -      -       -      +
     90A  PRO*     1.3    74.1    -      -       +      +
     92A  GLU      3.1    10.9    +      -       -      -
     93A  MET*     3.1    18.9    +      -       +      +
    397A  ALA*     3.7     7.0    -      -       -      -
    401A  VAL*     3.8     9.2    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with PRO 90 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     54A  ALA*     3.9     9.6    -      -       +      -
     55A  VAL      3.5    24.2    -      -       -      +
     62A  PHE*     3.3    30.1    -      -       +      -
     86A  VAL      3.0    15.3    -      -       -      +
     87A  HIS      3.6     7.9    -      -       -      +
     89A  CYS*     1.3    92.8    -      -       +      +
     91A  THR*     1.3    60.7    +      -       -      +
     93A  MET*     4.1     1.5    -      -       +      +
     94A  THR*     3.1    30.1    +      -       -      +
    125A  TRP*     4.7     4.3    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with THR 91 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     87A  HIS      4.8     3.6    +      -       -      -
     88A  HIS*     3.3    26.2    +      -       +      +
     89A  CYS      3.2     0.6    -      -       -      -
     90A  PRO*     1.3    79.7    -      -       -      +
     92A  GLU*     1.3    74.6    +      -       -      +
     94A  THR*     3.8     5.3    -      -       -      -
     95A  GLN*     3.0    26.0    +      -       +      +
    404A  ARG*     4.2    11.0    -      -       -      +
    127B  ALA*     4.1    16.0    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 92 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     18A  ARG*     2.2    33.9    +      -       -      -
     88A  HIS*     3.2    15.5    +      -       +      +
     89A  CYS      3.1     4.9    +      -       -      +
     91A  THR*     1.3    84.0    -      -       +      +
     93A  MET*     1.3    62.4    +      -       -      +
     94A  THR      3.2     0.2    -      -       -      -
     95A  GLN*     3.4     8.7    +      -       -      +
     96A  LEU*     3.1    30.8    +      -       -      +
     99A  TRP*     5.2     0.3    -      -       -      -
    400A  VAL*     3.5    37.5    -      -       +      +
    401A  VAL*     3.9    10.1    -      -       +      -
    404A  ARG*     2.7    37.5    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with MET 93 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     52A  SER*     3.2    27.4    -      -       -      +
     53A  ALA      3.8    18.2    -      -       -      +
     54A  ALA*     3.9     6.5    -      -       +      -
     89A  CYS*     3.1    38.3    +      -       -      +
     90A  PRO      4.2     0.2    -      -       -      +
     92A  GLU*     1.3    74.3    -      -       -      +
     94A  THR*     1.3    64.5    +      -       -      +
     96A  LEU*     3.6    12.2    +      -       -      +
     97A  GLU*     3.1    16.1    +      -       -      +
    103A  TRP*     3.3    23.6    +      -       +      -
    125A  TRP*     3.5    46.0    -      -       +      -
    135A  MET*     4.9     0.2    -      -       -      -
    397A  ALA*     3.9    13.7    -      -       +      +
    400A  VAL*     4.0    19.7    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with THR 94 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     90A  PRO*     3.1    19.6    +      -       -      +
     91A  THR*     3.8     3.4    -      -       -      -
     93A  MET*     1.3    76.2    -      -       -      +
     95A  GLN*     1.3    53.8    +      -       -      +
     97A  GLU*     2.9     9.5    +      -       -      +
     98A  LEU*     2.7    35.4    +      -       +      +
    125A  TRP*     3.8     8.4    -      -       -      -
    127B  ALA*     3.5    37.7    -      -       -      +
    130B  GLY*     3.8    22.2    -      -       -      +
    131B  THR*     3.8    16.2    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLN 95 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     18A  ARG*     4.8     2.9    -      -       -      +
     91A  THR*     3.0    19.1    +      -       +      +
     92A  GLU*     3.4    18.8    +      -       -      +
     94A  THR*     1.3    77.0    -      -       -      +
     96A  LEU*     1.3    57.1    +      -       -      +
     98A  LEU*     3.2    19.2    +      -       -      +
     99A  TRP*     2.8    76.6    +      -       +      -
    404A  ARG*     5.3     6.0    -      -       -      +
    126B  THR*     5.6     0.8    -      -       -      +
    127B  ALA*     3.9    20.0    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 96 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     18A  ARG*     6.1     0.4    -      -       -      -
     92A  GLU*     3.1    20.3    +      -       -      +
     93A  MET*     3.8    10.1    -      -       -      +
     95A  GLN*     1.3    75.8    -      -       -      +
     97A  GLU*     1.3    58.4    +      -       -      +
     99A  TRP*     2.9    25.1    +      -       +      +
    100A  GLY      3.0    10.0    +      -       -      -
    101A  CYS*     3.0    18.6    +      -       +      +
    103A  TRP*     4.0    16.2    -      -       +      -
    135A  MET*     3.6    40.6    -      -       +      +
    138A  THR*     4.0    21.6    -      -       +      +
    139A  LEU*     3.9    34.1    -      -       +      -
    400A  VAL*     4.0    10.8    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 97 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     93A  MET      3.1     7.7    +      -       -      +
     94A  THR      2.9     7.7    +      -       -      +
     96A  LEU*     1.3    74.6    -      -       -      +
     98A  LEU*     1.3    71.3    +      -       -      +
    100A  GLY*     2.9    15.2    +      -       -      -
    101A  CYS      4.1     4.3    -      -       -      -
    103A  TRP*     3.6    28.4    -      -       +      +
    105A  ARG*     2.4    35.3    +      -       -      +
    111A  VAL*     4.5     0.9    -      -       +      -
    131B  THR*     3.1    25.5    -      -       +      -
    132B  ASN*     3.0    30.6    +      -       -      +
    184B  ARG*     3.0    29.5    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 98 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     94A  THR*     2.7    23.7    +      -       +      +
     95A  GLN*     3.4    25.1    -      -       -      +
     97A  GLU*     1.3    83.5    +      -       -      +
     99A  TRP*     1.3    63.6    +      -       +      +
    100A  GLY      3.3     1.0    +      -       -      -
    120B  ILE*     3.8    19.8    -      -       -      +
    123B  ASN*     5.6     2.6    -      -       -      +
    125B  ARG*     3.1    42.6    -      -       +      +
    126B  THR*     3.6     2.7    -      -       -      -
    127B  ALA*     3.5    27.4    -      -       -      +
    130B  GLY      4.1     7.6    -      -       -      +
    131B  THR*     4.3     0.9    -      -       -      -
    132B  ASN*     3.2    28.5    +      -       -      +
    184B  ARG*     5.9     1.7    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with TRP 99 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     18A  ARG*     3.5    42.4    -      -       -      -
     21A  ILE*     3.7    25.6    -      -       +      -
     25A  GLN*     4.0    15.5    -      -       -      +
     92A  GLU*     5.2     0.2    -      -       -      -
     95A  GLN*     2.8    48.9    +      -       +      -
     96A  LEU*     2.9    19.0    +      -       +      +
     98A  LEU*     1.3    75.5    -      -       +      +
    100A  GLY*     1.3    57.6    +      -       -      +
    138A  THR*     3.9    10.2    -      -       +      +
    139A  LEU*     3.9    24.0    -      -       +      -
    142A  THR*     3.5    42.1    +      -       +      +
    145A  GLN*     4.8     6.3    -      -       -      +
    146A  PHE*     5.3     2.1    -      +       -      -
    120B  ILE*     3.2    22.1    +      -       +      +
    179B  TYR*     4.4     5.7    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLY 100 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     97A  GLU      2.9     9.9    +      -       -      -
     98A  LEU      3.2     0.8    -      -       -      -
     99A  TRP*     1.3    79.6    -      -       -      +
    101A  CYS*     1.3    63.3    +      -       -      +
    102A  PRO*     3.2     0.7    -      -       -      +
    138A  THR*     4.3     4.6    +      -       -      -
    120B  ILE*     3.7    15.9    -      -       -      -
    178B  ARG*     3.0    21.2    +      -       -      -
    179B  TYR*     5.1     2.5    -      -       -      -
    184B  ARG*     2.9    26.1    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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A short description of the analytical approach
The contact analysis used in this page is based upon the approach developed in: Sobolev V., Wade R.C., Vriend G. and Edelman M. PROTEINS (1996) 25, 120-129. Contact legitimacy depends on the hydrophobic-hydrophilic properties of the contacting atoms. In order to define it, for each inter-atomic contact, eight atom classes have been introduced:


   I  Hydrophilic      - N and O that can donate and accept hydrogen bonds
                         (e.g., oxygen of hydroxyl group of Ser. or Thr)
  II  Acceptor         - N or O that can only accept a hydrogen bond
 III  Donor            - N that can only donate a hydrogen bond
  IV  Hydrophobic      - Cl, Br, I and all C atoms that are not in
                         aromatic rings and do not have a covalent bond to
                         a N or O atom
   V  Aromatic         - C in aromatic rings irrespective of any other 
                         bonds formed by the atom
  VI  Neutral          - C atoms that have a covalent bond to at least one
                         atom of class I or two or more atoms from class II
                         or III; atoms; S, F, P, and metal atoms in all cases
 VII  Neutral-donor    - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only one
                         atom of class III
VIII  Neutral-acceptor - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only 
                         one atom of class II
For each pair of contacts the state of legitimacy is shown below:

Legend:
+, legitimate
-, illegitimate
------------------------------------------------------------
  Atomic class           I  II  III   IV   V   VI  VII  VIII
------------------------------------------------------------
   I  (Hydrophilic)      +   +    +    -   +   +    +    +
  II  (Acceptor)         +   -    +    -   +   +    +    -
 III  (Donor)            +   +    -    -   +   +    -    +
  IV  (Hydrophobic)      -   -    -    +   +   +    +    +
   V  (Aromatic)         +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
  VI  (Neutral)          +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
 VII  (Neutral-donor)    +   +    -    +   +   +    -    +
VIII  (Neutral-acceptor) +   -    +    +   +   +    +    -
------------------------------------------------------------
Warning!
Atom classes for heterogroups are automatically assigned based on the atomic coordinates. However, in three cases (see below) the automatic assignment is currently ambiguous. In these cases, the user is advised to manually analyse the full list of contacts using LPC software.
1. Carbon atoms belonging to a 4-, 5- or 6-member ring are 
   considered "aromatic" (Class V) if the ring is approximately
   planar, and "hydrophobic" (Class IV) or "neutral" (Classes
   VI, VII, VIII) if the ring is non-planar.
2. The oxygen atom of a carbonyl or hydroxy group is considered
   "hydroxy" (Class I) if the CO bond is longer than 1.29 Å, and
   "carbonyl" (Class II) if shorter.
3. All nitrogen atoms are considered "hydrophilic" (Class I).

Please E-mail any questions and/or suggestions concerning this page to Vladimir.Sobolev@weizmann.ac.il