Contacts of the helix formed by residues 526 - 551 (chain A) in PDB entry 3QJQ


Residue contacts within the protein are derived with the CSU software (Sobolev V., Sorokine A., Prilusky J., Abola E.E. and Edelman M. (1999) Automated analysis of interatomic contacts in proteins. Bioinformatics, 15, 327-332). A short description of the analytical approach is given at the end of the page.
For CSU analysis of other PDB entry

Note:
Non-standard 3 letter residue codes indicate a heterogroup. To identify and analyse, use LPC software

Legend:
Dist - nearest distance (Å) between atoms of two residues
Surf - contact surface area (Å2) between two residues
HB   - hydrophilic-hydrophilic contact (hydrogen bond)
Arom - aromatic-aromatic contact
Phob - hydrophobic-hydrophobic contact
DC   - hydrophobic-hydrophilic contact (destabilizing contact)
+/-  - indicates presence/absence of a specific contacts
*    - indicates residues forming contacts  by their side chain
       (including CA atoms)
Residues in contact with ARG 526 (chain A).
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    522A  LEU      3.8     9.6    -      -       -      +
    523A  ALA*     3.2    23.3    -      -       -      +
    524A  MET      2.9     3.2    +      -       -      -
    525A  ASP*     1.3    74.9    -      -       -      +
    527A  ILE*     1.3    63.2    +      -       -      +
    528A  GLY      3.3     2.7    -      -       -      -
    529A  PHE*     3.3    42.0    +      -       +      +
    530A  TRP*     2.9    29.3    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with ILE 527 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    167A  TRP*     3.5    35.4    -      -       +      +
    179A  THR*     4.1     1.6    -      -       -      +
    184A  TYR*     3.8    29.6    -      -       +      +
    187A  VAL*     3.9    15.5    -      -       +      -
    188A  VAL*     4.7     9.9    -      -       +      -
    191A  LEU*     3.7    29.4    -      -       +      -
    270A  LEU*     6.4     0.4    -      -       +      -
    273A  LEU*     5.0     6.0    -      -       +      +
    524A  MET      4.1     1.1    -      -       -      +
    525A  ASP*     3.2    31.3    +      -       -      +
    526A  ARG*     1.3    73.8    -      -       -      +
    528A  GLY*     1.3    56.3    +      -       -      +
    530A  TRP*     4.3     5.1    -      -       +      +
    531A  PHE*     2.9    28.8    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with GLY 528 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    167A  TRP*     5.7     1.2    -      -       -      -
    526A  ARG      3.3     0.4    -      -       -      -
    527A  ILE*     1.3    77.9    -      -       -      +
    529A  PHE*     1.3    55.9    +      -       -      +
    531A  PHE*     3.3     8.2    +      -       -      +
    532A  ALA*     2.9    30.2    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with PHE 529 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    526A  ARG*     3.3    47.7    +      -       +      +
    528A  GLY*     1.3    74.3    -      -       -      +
    530A  TRP*     1.3   106.5    +      +       -      +
    532A  ALA*     3.3     8.5    +      -       +      +
    533A  VAL*     2.9    44.8    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with TRP 530 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    270A  LEU*     3.7    35.4    -      -       +      -
    273A  LEU*     4.4     6.1    -      -       +      -
    274A  LEU*     3.7    35.7    -      -       +      +
    523A  ALA*     3.0    33.6    +      -       +      -
    524A  MET*     3.7    15.6    -      -       +      +
    526A  ARG*     2.9    30.5    +      -       +      +
    527A  ILE*     4.3     3.8    -      -       +      +
    529A  PHE*     1.3   100.8    -      +       -      +
    531A  PHE*     1.3    61.6    +      -       -      +
    533A  VAL*     3.6    11.1    -      -       +      +
    534A  ALA*     3.0    28.8    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with PHE 531 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    191A  LEU*     3.5    60.1    -      -       +      -
    194A  PHE*     4.4    20.4    -      +       -      -
    195A  LEU*     4.5    18.8    -      -       +      -
    273A  LEU*     4.4    13.1    -      -       +      +
    527A  ILE      2.9    21.3    +      -       -      +
    528A  GLY*     3.6     6.5    -      -       -      +
    530A  TRP*     1.3    75.2    -      -       -      +
    532A  ALA*     1.3    60.0    +      -       -      +
    534A  ALA*     3.3     7.3    +      -       +      +
    535A  ALA*     2.9    32.7    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with ALA 532 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    528A  GLY      2.9    14.7    +      -       -      +
    529A  PHE*     3.5    12.3    -      -       +      +
    531A  PHE*     1.3    77.3    -      -       +      +
    533A  VAL*     1.3    65.5    +      -       -      +
    535A  ALA*     3.2     7.8    +      -       -      +
    536A  ILE*     2.9    37.6    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with VAL 533 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    274A  LEU*     4.5    13.0    -      -       +      -
    529A  PHE*     2.9    49.5    +      -       +      +
    530A  TRP*     3.6    16.4    -      -       +      +
    531A  PHE      3.4     0.2    -      -       -      -
    532A  ALA*     1.3    71.9    -      -       -      +
    534A  ALA*     1.3    54.8    +      -       -      +
    536A  ILE*     3.0    12.8    +      -       +      +
    537A  LEU*     2.7    52.9    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with ALA 534 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    195A  LEU*     3.8    13.7    -      -       +      -
    273A  LEU*     3.7    30.3    -      -       +      +
    274A  LEU*     4.6     4.2    -      -       -      +
    530A  TRP      3.0    14.5    +      -       -      +
    531A  PHE*     3.3    13.2    -      -       +      +
    532A  ALA      3.3     0.2    -      -       -      -
    533A  VAL*     1.3    77.3    -      -       -      +
    535A  ALA*     1.3    64.0    +      -       -      +
    537A  LEU*     3.3    13.6    +      -       -      +
    538A  VAL*     3.2    24.8    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with ALA 535 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    195A  LEU*     3.8    22.6    -      -       +      +
    531A  PHE*     2.9    25.9    +      -       +      +
    532A  ALA*     3.2    10.1    +      -       -      +
    534A  ALA*     1.3    71.1    -      -       -      +
    536A  ILE*     1.3    65.7    +      -       +      +
    538A  VAL*     3.1     7.8    +      -       -      +
    539A  VAL*     3.1    24.1    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with ILE 536 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    532A  ALA*     2.9    31.4    +      -       +      +
    533A  VAL*     3.4    10.8    -      -       +      +
    535A  ALA*     1.3    78.0    -      -       +      +
    537A  LEU*     1.3    64.4    +      -       +      +
    539A  VAL*     2.9    11.4    +      -       +      +
    540A  LEU*     2.9    35.0    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with LEU 537 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    274A  LEU*     4.0    27.8    -      -       +      +
    275A  LEU*     5.6     6.3    -      -       +      -
    278A  PRO*     4.7    18.8    -      -       +      -
    301A  LEU*     5.1    15.9    -      -       +      -
    533A  VAL*     2.7    38.5    +      -       +      +
    534A  ALA*     3.3    12.1    -      -       -      +
    536A  ILE*     1.3    72.8    -      -       +      +
    538A  VAL*     1.3    59.2    +      -       +      +
    540A  LEU*     3.2    19.0    +      -       +      +
    541A  ALA*     2.9    28.1    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with VAL 538 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    195A  LEU*     3.8    25.4    -      -       +      -
    230A  TRP*     4.0    38.1    -      -       +      -
    274A  LEU      6.1     0.4    -      -       -      +
    277A  THR*     3.9    22.0    -      -       +      -
    278A  PRO*     4.6    14.8    -      -       +      -
    534A  ALA      3.3    13.0    -      -       -      +
    535A  ALA      3.1     8.5    +      -       -      +
    537A  LEU*     1.3    72.3    -      -       -      +
    539A  VAL*     1.3    67.6    +      -       +      +
    541A  ALA*     3.1     1.4    +      -       -      +
    542A  TYR*     3.0    33.2    +      -       +      +
    543A  GLY      3.8     0.2    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with VAL 539 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    535A  ALA*     3.1    15.2    +      -       +      +
    536A  ILE*     2.9    12.0    +      -       +      +
    538A  VAL*     1.3    76.4    -      -       +      +
    540A  LEU*     1.3    59.3    +      -       -      +
    543A  GLY*     2.7    41.9    +      -       -      +
    544A  PRO*     3.8     0.9    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with LEU 540 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    294A  TRP*     3.3    16.1    -      -       +      -
    536A  ILE*     2.9    28.4    +      -       +      +
    537A  LEU*     3.3    21.1    -      -       +      +
    539A  VAL*     1.3    76.2    -      -       -      +
    541A  ALA*     1.3    57.6    +      -       -      +
    544A  PRO*     2.9    27.1    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with ALA 541 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    278A  PRO*     3.7    24.0    -      -       +      +
    281A  PHE*     4.4     0.5    -      -       -      -
    294A  TRP*     3.7    26.3    -      -       +      -
    297A  ILE*     5.6     2.0    -      -       +      -
    298A  HIS*     3.6    29.7    -      -       +      +
    301A  LEU*     5.0     6.5    -      -       +      -
    537A  LEU      2.9    15.6    +      -       -      +
    538A  VAL      3.1     1.3    +      -       -      +
    540A  LEU*     1.3    78.6    -      -       -      +
    542A  TYR*     1.3    61.2    +      -       +      +
    544A  PRO*     4.2     2.4    -      -       -      +
    545A  THR*     4.4     6.4    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with TYR 542 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    226A  THR*     4.3    18.2    -      -       +      -
    229A  TRP*     3.9     0.5    -      -       -      +
    230A  TRP*     3.3    51.3    +      +       +      -
    277A  THR*     3.5    20.9    -      -       +      -
    278A  PRO*     4.1    10.1    -      -       +      -
    280A  GLY*     2.9    33.1    +      -       -      -
    281A  PHE*     3.5    31.4    -      +       -      -
    284A  GLN*     5.0     0.2    -      -       -      -
    298A  HIS*     3.9     8.3    -      -       -      -
    538A  VAL*     3.0    21.8    +      -       +      +
    541A  ALA*     1.3    75.9    -      -       -      +
    543A  GLY*     1.3    58.0    +      -       -      +
    544A  PRO      3.6     0.7    -      -       -      -
    545A  THR*     3.5     3.7    +      -       -      -
    546A  LEU*     2.9    54.9    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with GLY 543 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    538A  VAL      3.8     0.2    +      -       -      -
    539A  VAL*     2.7    37.3    +      -       -      +
    542A  TYR*     1.3    71.9    -      -       -      +
    544A  PRO*     1.3    65.5    -      -       -      +
    546A  LEU*     3.9     5.3    -      -       -      +
    547A  VAL*     3.0    36.2    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with PRO 544 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    294A  TRP*     3.4    35.9    -      -       +      +
    539A  VAL      3.8     1.3    -      -       -      +
    540A  LEU*     2.9    26.7    -      -       -      +
    541A  ALA      4.2     1.3    -      -       -      +
    542A  TYR      3.9     0.7    -      -       -      -
    543A  GLY*     1.3    81.5    -      -       -      +
    545A  THR*     1.3    62.6    +      -       -      +
    547A  VAL*     4.2     3.6    -      -       +      +
    548A  GLN*     3.2    24.3    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with THR 545 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    226A  THR*     4.8     5.2    -      -       +      -
    281A  PHE*     3.5    41.2    -      -       +      -
    289A  GLY      5.4     0.7    -      -       -      +
    290A  ILE*     4.5    16.7    -      -       +      +
    291A  ASP      5.7     1.0    +      -       -      -
    294A  TRP*     4.1    18.1    -      -       -      +
    541A  ALA      4.4     1.8    +      -       -      -
    542A  TYR*     3.5     6.4    +      -       -      -
    543A  GLY      3.3     0.4    -      -       -      -
    544A  PRO*     1.3    79.1    -      -       -      +
    546A  LEU*     1.3    62.5    +      -       +      +
    548A  GLN*     3.3    13.3    +      -       -      +
    549A  LEU*     3.1    43.9    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with LEU 546 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    202A  LEU*     6.4     0.4    -      -       +      -
    223A  VAL*     5.8     2.7    -      -       +      +
    226A  THR*     4.6    20.4    -      -       +      -
    227A  LEU*     4.1    25.8    -      -       +      +
    230A  TRP*     3.7    28.9    -      -       +      -
    542A  TYR*     2.9    40.2    +      -       +      +
    543A  GLY*     3.9     4.9    -      -       -      +
    545A  THR*     1.3    71.3    -      -       -      +
    547A  VAL*     1.3    61.6    +      -       +      +
    549A  LEU*     3.1     8.0    +      -       +      +
    550A  PHE*     2.9    51.8    +      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with VAL 547 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    543A  GLY*     3.0    22.4    +      -       -      +
    544A  PRO*     4.2     4.5    -      -       +      +
    546A  LEU*     1.3    77.9    -      -       +      +
    548A  GLN*     1.3    61.8    +      -       -      +
    550A  PHE*     3.5     6.0    +      -       -      +
    551A  GLY*     3.4    18.0    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with GLN 548 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    289A  GLY      4.8     5.4    -      -       -      +
    290A  ILE*     6.0     0.3    -      -       -      -
    291A  ASP*     5.8     2.0    +      -       -      -
    544A  PRO      3.2    17.7    +      -       -      +
    545A  THR*     3.3    12.1    -      -       -      +
    547A  VAL*     1.3    79.1    -      -       -      +
    549A  LEU*     1.3    74.0    +      -       -      +
    551A  GLY      3.7     0.2    +      -       -      -
    552A  HIS*     3.0    37.4    +      -       +      +
     48B  GLY      5.3     5.1    +      -       -      +
     50B  LEU*     4.3    15.6    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with LEU 549 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    222A  LEU*     4.2    16.6    -      -       +      -
    223A  VAL*     3.9    29.7    -      -       +      +
    226A  THR*     4.2    22.2    -      -       +      +
    289A  GLY      4.3     7.2    -      -       -      +
    290A  ILE*     5.6     1.1    -      -       +      -
    545A  THR*     3.1    30.8    +      -       +      +
    546A  LEU*     3.7     9.6    -      -       +      +
    548A  GLN*     1.3    81.4    -      -       -      +
    550A  PHE*     1.3    57.1    +      -       +      +
    552A  HIS      2.8    34.4    +      -       -      +
    553A  LEU*     3.4     4.5    +      -       -      +
     50B  LEU*     3.8    35.7    -      -       +      -
     52B  ARG*     4.9     4.0    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with PHE 550 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    202A  LEU*     6.0     3.4    -      -       +      -
    206A  LEU*     4.3    18.6    -      -       +      -
    207A  PHE*     3.8    35.7    -      +       -      -
    223A  VAL*     4.9     8.7    -      -       +      -
    227A  LEU*     4.6    14.1    -      -       +      -
    546A  LEU*     2.9    46.9    +      -       +      +
    547A  VAL*     4.0     6.3    -      -       -      +
    549A  LEU*     1.3    80.2    -      -       +      +
    551A  GLY*     1.3    58.8    +      -       -      +
    552A  HIS      3.5     0.3    +      -       -      -
    553A  LEU*     3.7    34.2    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page

Residues in contact with GLY 551 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    547A  VAL      3.4    11.8    +      -       -      -
    548A  GLN      3.7     0.6    +      -       -      -
    549A  LEU      3.2     1.0    -      -       -      -
    550A  PHE*     1.3    77.3    -      -       -      +
    552A  HIS*     1.3    76.8    +      -       -      +
    553A  LEU      3.7     1.4    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
 Back to top of page


A short description of the analytical approach
The contact analysis used in this page is based upon the approach developed in: Sobolev V., Wade R.C., Vriend G. and Edelman M. PROTEINS (1996) 25, 120-129. Contact legitimacy depends on the hydrophobic-hydrophilic properties of the contacting atoms. In order to define it, for each inter-atomic contact, eight atom classes have been introduced:


   I  Hydrophilic      - N and O that can donate and accept hydrogen bonds
                         (e.g., oxygen of hydroxyl group of Ser. or Thr)
  II  Acceptor         - N or O that can only accept a hydrogen bond
 III  Donor            - N that can only donate a hydrogen bond
  IV  Hydrophobic      - Cl, Br, I and all C atoms that are not in
                         aromatic rings and do not have a covalent bond to
                         a N or O atom
   V  Aromatic         - C in aromatic rings irrespective of any other 
                         bonds formed by the atom
  VI  Neutral          - C atoms that have a covalent bond to at least one
                         atom of class I or two or more atoms from class II
                         or III; atoms; S, F, P, and metal atoms in all cases
 VII  Neutral-donor    - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only one
                         atom of class III
VIII  Neutral-acceptor - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only 
                         one atom of class II
For each pair of contacts the state of legitimacy is shown below:

Legend:
+, legitimate
-, illegitimate
------------------------------------------------------------
  Atomic class           I  II  III   IV   V   VI  VII  VIII
------------------------------------------------------------
   I  (Hydrophilic)      +   +    +    -   +   +    +    +
  II  (Acceptor)         +   -    +    -   +   +    +    -
 III  (Donor)            +   +    -    -   +   +    -    +
  IV  (Hydrophobic)      -   -    -    +   +   +    +    +
   V  (Aromatic)         +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
  VI  (Neutral)          +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
 VII  (Neutral-donor)    +   +    -    +   +   +    -    +
VIII  (Neutral-acceptor) +   -    +    +   +   +    +    -
------------------------------------------------------------
Warning!
Atom classes for heterogroups are automatically assigned based on the atomic coordinates. However, in three cases (see below) the automatic assignment is currently ambiguous. In these cases, the user is advised to manually analyse the full list of contacts using LPC software.
1. Carbon atoms belonging to a 4-, 5- or 6-member ring are 
   considered "aromatic" (Class V) if the ring is approximately
   planar, and "hydrophobic" (Class IV) or "neutral" (Classes
   VI, VII, VIII) if the ring is non-planar.
2. The oxygen atom of a carbonyl or hydroxy group is considered
   "hydroxy" (Class I) if the CO bond is longer than 1.29 Å, and
   "carbonyl" (Class II) if shorter.
3. All nitrogen atoms are considered "hydrophilic" (Class I).

Please E-mail any questions and/or suggestions concerning this page to Vladimir.Sobolev@weizmann.ac.il