Contacts of the helix formed by residues 216 - 238 (chain A) in PDB entry 3R1N


Residue contacts within the protein are derived with the CSU software (Sobolev V., Sorokine A., Prilusky J., Abola E.E. and Edelman M. (1999) Automated analysis of interatomic contacts in proteins. Bioinformatics, 15, 327-332). A short description of the analytical approach is given at the end of the page.
For CSU analysis of other PDB entry

Note:
Non-standard 3 letter residue codes indicate a heterogroup. To identify and analyse, use LPC software

Legend:
Dist - nearest distance (Å) between atoms of two residues
Surf - contact surface area (Å2) between two residues
HB   - hydrophilic-hydrophilic contact (hydrogen bond)
Arom - aromatic-aromatic contact
Phob - hydrophobic-hydrophobic contact
DC   - hydrophobic-hydrophilic contact (destabilizing contact)
+/-  - indicates presence/absence of a specific contacts
*    - indicates residues forming contacts  by their side chain
       (including CA atoms)
Residues in contact with PRO 216 (chain A).
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    217A  GLU*     1.3    80.5    +      -       +      +
    218A  LYS*     4.0     6.5    -      -       +      +
    219A  TYR*     2.8    26.4    +      -       +      -
    220A  ASP*     2.4    47.5    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 217 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    194A  THR*     3.6    46.6    -      -       -      +
    216A  PRO*     1.3    94.1    -      -       +      +
    218A  LYS*     1.3    72.2    +      -       +      +
    220A  ASP*     3.2     3.4    +      -       -      +
    221A  LYS*     3.2    28.7    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LYS 218 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    216A  PRO*     4.6     7.2    -      -       +      -
    217A  GLU*     1.3    87.4    -      -       +      +
    219A  TYR*     1.3    62.9    +      -       -      +
    221A  LYS*     3.6    11.2    +      -       +      +
    222A  SER*     3.0    22.3    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with TYR 219 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    165A  ARG*     6.1     0.4    -      -       -      -
    216A  PRO*     2.8    28.5    +      -       +      +
    218A  LYS*     1.3    75.6    -      -       -      +
    220A  ASP*     1.3    76.8    +      -       -      +
    222A  SER*     2.6    28.8    +      -       -      -
    223A  CYS*     3.2    24.0    +      -       -      -
    289A  PRO*     3.9    28.9    -      -       +      -
    292A  ARG*     5.4     1.1    -      -       -      -
    342A  MET*     2.6    48.3    +      -       +      +
    343A  ARG*     5.5     0.2    -      -       -      -
    344A  VAL      5.6     2.5    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASP 220 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    163A  ALA*     3.6    24.6    -      -       +      +
    165A  ARG*     3.9    28.6    +      -       +      +
    192A  LYS*     4.0    19.8    -      -       -      +
    194A  THR*     4.7     3.5    -      -       +      +
    216A  PRO*     2.4    36.8    +      -       -      +
    217A  GLU*     3.8     5.8    +      -       -      +
    219A  TYR*     1.3    85.0    -      -       -      +
    221A  LYS*     1.3    62.4    +      -       -      +
    223A  CYS*     3.1    22.4    +      -       -      +
    224A  ASP*     3.6     4.2    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LYS 221 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    158A  HIS*     3.0    73.0    +      -       +      +
    161A  ASN*     3.1    17.0    -      -       -      +
    162A  ILE      5.2     0.2    -      -       -      +
    163A  ALA*     3.8     7.1    -      -       +      +
    194A  THR*     3.6    24.2    -      -       -      -
    217A  GLU*     3.2    14.5    +      -       -      +
    218A  LYS*     3.7    11.0    -      -       +      +
    220A  ASP*     1.3    77.0    -      -       -      +
    222A  SER*     1.3    61.4    +      -       -      +
    224A  ASP*     3.1    15.8    +      -       -      +
    225A  MET*     3.2    12.0    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with SER 222 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    218A  LYS      3.0    13.4    +      -       -      -
    219A  TYR*     2.6    24.0    +      -       -      -
    221A  LYS*     1.3    76.2    -      -       -      +
    223A  CYS*     1.3    57.1    +      -       -      +
    225A  MET*     3.7     9.4    -      -       -      -
    226A  TRP      3.1    16.8    +      -       -      -
    289A  PRO*     3.4    40.4    -      -       -      +
    292A  ARG*     2.8    30.6    +      -       -      -
    293A  LEU      5.8     0.2    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with CYS 223 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    165A  ARG*     5.0    15.0    -      -       +      +
    219A  TYR*     3.4    51.6    -      -       -      -
    220A  ASP*     3.1    11.1    +      -       -      +
    222A  SER*     1.3    75.2    -      -       -      +
    224A  ASP*     1.3    66.2    +      -       -      +
    225A  MET      3.2     0.2    -      -       -      -
    226A  TRP*     3.4     3.7    +      -       -      +
    227A  SER*     3.2    22.5    +      -       -      -
    292A  ARG*     4.4     3.8    -      -       -      +
    339A  LEU*     4.4     8.1    -      -       +      +
    342A  MET*     3.9    27.8    -      -       +      -
    343A  ARG*     6.3     2.0    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASP 224 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    154A  ILE*     4.3    17.0    -      -       +      +
    157A  LEU*     5.5     0.2    -      -       -      +
    158A  HIS*     2.6    30.7    +      -       +      +
    163A  ALA*     3.6     2.3    -      -       -      +
    164A  HIS*     3.0    28.8    +      -       -      +
    165A  ARG*     2.7    30.7    +      -       -      -
    167A  VAL*     3.9     7.1    +      -       -      +
    220A  ASP      3.6     4.6    +      -       -      -
    221A  LYS      3.1    10.1    +      -       -      +
    223A  CYS*     1.3    76.1    -      -       -      +
    225A  MET*     1.3    58.2    +      -       -      +
    227A  SER*     3.1    10.7    +      -       -      -
    228A  LEU*     3.0    29.6    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with MET 225 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    154A  ILE*     4.2     8.5    -      -       -      -
    158A  HIS*     4.3     3.8    -      -       +      -
    221A  LYS*     3.2    12.1    +      -       +      +
    222A  SER*     3.7    13.2    -      -       -      +
    223A  CYS      3.2     0.8    -      -       -      -
    224A  ASP*     1.3    79.2    -      -       -      +
    226A  TRP*     1.3    61.6    +      -       -      +
    228A  LEU*     3.4    26.2    +      -       +      +
    229A  GLY      3.2    15.8    +      -       -      -
    284A  LEU*     3.8    27.7    -      -       +      +
    292A  ARG*     4.4     6.3    -      -       -      -
    293A  LEU      3.2    21.1    -      -       -      +
    294A  THR*     3.8     5.4    -      -       -      +
    295A  ILE*     3.7    37.0    -      -       -      +
    298A  PHE*     3.6    31.0    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with TRP 226 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    222A  SER      3.1    13.9    +      -       -      +
    223A  CYS*     3.6     8.3    -      -       -      +
    224A  ASP      3.2     0.2    -      -       -      -
    225A  MET*     1.3    75.0    -      -       -      +
    227A  SER*     1.3    68.1    +      -       -      +
    229A  GLY*     3.1     2.9    +      -       -      -
    230A  VAL*     2.9    46.9    +      -       +      +
    242A  PHE*     4.0    19.1    -      +       -      -
    284A  LEU      3.8     8.3    -      -       -      -
    285A  LEU*     3.7    27.3    +      -       +      +
    292A  ARG*     3.7    32.0    -      -       -      +
    335A  MET*     4.2    11.0    -      -       +      -
    338A  ALA*     3.8    19.1    -      -       +      -
    339A  LEU*     3.9    21.1    -      -       +      -
    342A  MET*     3.2    36.5    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with SER 227 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    165A  ARG      5.8     0.2    -      -       -      -
    167A  VAL*     2.7    46.8    +      -       -      +
    223A  CYS      3.2    12.6    +      -       -      -
    224A  ASP*     3.1    12.3    +      -       -      -
    226A  TRP*     1.3    82.3    -      -       -      +
    228A  LEU*     1.4    54.1    +      -       -      +
    230A  VAL*     3.2     2.1    +      -       -      +
    231A  ILE*     2.8    39.6    +      -       -      +
    335A  MET*     3.9     5.7    -      -       -      +
    339A  LEU*     3.6    16.1    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 228 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    147A  MET*     3.4    24.0    -      -       +      +
    150A  ILE*     3.5    34.5    -      -       +      -
    151A  GLY*     4.3     4.0    -      -       -      +
    154A  ILE*     4.3    12.6    -      -       +      -
    167A  VAL*     5.2     4.7    -      -       +      -
    224A  ASP      3.0    14.1    +      -       -      +
    225A  MET*     3.5    38.6    -      -       +      +
    227A  SER*     1.4    76.1    -      -       -      +
    229A  GLY*     1.3    56.2    +      -       -      +
    231A  ILE*     3.9     3.3    -      -       +      +
    232A  MET*     2.9    30.8    +      -       -      +
    284A  LEU*     4.1     4.0    -      -       +      -
    295A  ILE*     3.8    18.8    -      -       +      -
    298A  PHE*     4.2    19.3    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLY 229 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    225A  MET      3.2     7.5    +      -       -      -
    226A  TRP      3.1     7.1    +      -       -      -
    228A  LEU*     1.3    75.9    -      -       -      +
    230A  VAL*     1.3    57.6    +      -       -      +
    232A  MET*     3.8     2.8    -      -       -      +
    233A  TYR*     3.1    28.4    +      -       -      +
    281A  ILE*     4.2     7.3    -      -       -      +
    284A  LEU*     3.6    22.8    -      -       -      +
    285A  LEU*     3.6    20.4    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 230 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    226A  TRP*     2.9    53.0    +      -       +      +
    227A  SER      3.6     6.1    -      -       -      +
    229A  GLY*     1.3    73.5    -      -       -      +
    231A  ILE*     1.3    64.4    +      -       -      +
    233A  TYR*     3.3     6.7    +      -       -      +
    234A  ILE*     3.1    33.6    +      -       +      +
    241A  PRO*     4.2    15.3    -      -       +      -
    242A  PHE*     4.0    17.3    -      -       +      -
    285A  LEU*     3.9     8.3    -      -       +      -
    335A  MET*     3.6    30.3    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 231 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    126A  LEU*     4.4     3.1    -      -       +      -
    127A  PHE*     3.7    21.2    -      -       +      -
    147A  MET*     4.0     8.3    -      -       +      -
    150A  ILE*     4.2    13.9    -      -       +      -
    167A  VAL*     4.8     7.9    -      -       +      -
    168A  LYS*     4.1     7.9    -      -       -      -
    169A  PRO*     3.6    40.2    -      -       +      -
    172A  LEU*     4.2    11.7    -      -       +      -
    227A  SER      2.8    25.5    +      -       -      +
    228A  LEU*     4.0     5.8    -      -       +      +
    230A  VAL*     1.3    73.2    -      -       +      +
    232A  MET*     1.3    58.2    +      -       -      +
    234A  ILE*     3.4     2.3    +      -       +      -
    235A  LEU*     3.0    39.9    +      -       +      +
    335A  MET*     4.4     8.1    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with MET 232 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    147A  MET*     3.7    26.2    -      -       +      -
    228A  LEU      2.9    19.0    +      -       -      +
    229A  GLY      3.8     4.0    -      -       -      +
    230A  VAL      3.3     0.2    -      -       -      -
    231A  ILE*     1.3    74.5    -      -       -      +
    233A  TYR*     1.3    64.5    +      -       -      +
    235A  LEU*     3.1     6.6    +      -       -      +
    236A  LEU*     3.1    28.9    +      -       +      +
    277A  ALA*     3.4    38.4    -      -       +      +
    280A  LEU*     3.9    21.1    -      -       +      -
    281A  ILE*     3.8    14.6    -      -       +      -
    284A  LEU*     4.5     7.6    -      -       -      -
    298A  PHE*     5.1     0.9    -      -       -      -
    303A  TRP*     3.4    38.6    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with TYR 233 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    229A  GLY      3.1    19.3    +      -       -      +
    230A  VAL      3.3     5.1    +      -       -      +
    232A  MET*     1.3    73.8    -      -       -      +
    234A  ILE*     1.3    63.7    +      -       -      +
    236A  LEU      3.1    10.2    +      -       -      -
    237A  CYS*     3.4    20.8    +      -       -      -
    239A  PHE*     3.0    44.7    -      +       -      -
    240A  PRO      3.6    12.7    +      -       -      -
    241A  PRO*     3.6    30.2    -      -       +      +
    263A  TYR*     4.1    10.5    -      +       -      -
    264A  GLY      2.5    31.1    +      -       -      -
    265A  PHE*     4.1     6.3    -      +       -      -
    266A  PRO*     3.8     3.1    -      -       -      +
    270A  TRP*     3.6    27.6    +      +       -      -
    281A  ILE*     3.8    26.2    -      -       +      +
    285A  LEU*     5.1     0.2    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 234 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    127A  PHE*     3.5    23.8    -      -       +      -
    169A  PRO*     5.1     8.3    -      -       +      -
    230A  VAL*     3.1    27.8    +      -       +      +
    231A  ILE*     3.8     9.0    -      -       -      +
    233A  TYR*     1.3    76.0    -      -       -      +
    235A  LEU*     1.3    57.4    +      -       -      +
    238A  GLY*     2.8    44.5    +      -       -      +
    239A  PHE      3.6     8.1    -      -       -      +
    240A  PRO*     3.7    33.7    -      -       +      -
    317A  THR*     3.5     3.8    -      -       -      +
    321A  LEU*     4.7     0.7    -      -       +      -
    328A  TRP*     4.4    17.3    -      -       +      -
    331A  VAL*     4.4    13.9    -      -       +      -
    335A  MET*     5.1     3.1    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 235 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    126A  LEU*     4.6     3.8    -      -       +      -
    127A  PHE*     3.8    21.3    -      -       +      -
    130A  ILE*     4.4    10.5    -      -       +      -
    138A  PHE*     3.2    44.0    -      -       +      -
    143A  ALA*     4.4     4.7    -      -       +      +
    146A  ILE*     3.7    31.2    -      -       +      -
    147A  MET*     3.6    34.5    -      -       +      -
    231A  ILE*     3.0    22.0    +      -       +      +
    232A  MET*     3.1     7.1    +      -       -      +
    234A  ILE*     1.3    77.3    -      -       -      +
    236A  LEU*     1.3    62.2    +      -       +      +
    315A  LEU*     4.1     0.3    -      -       -      +
    317A  THR*     2.7    23.3    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 236 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    140A  GLU*     4.9     3.4    -      -       +      -
    143A  ALA*     3.4    31.9    -      -       +      -
    232A  MET*     3.1    32.2    +      -       +      +
    233A  TYR      3.1     0.6    +      -       -      -
    235A  LEU*     1.3    79.9    -      -       +      +
    237A  CYS*     1.3    58.9    +      -       -      +
    269A  GLU      4.3     7.6    -      -       -      +
    270A  TRP*     3.6    33.0    -      -       +      -
    273A  VAL*     4.0    11.2    -      -       +      +
    277A  ALA*     3.8    29.2    -      -       +      -
    281A  ILE*     4.0     2.5    -      -       +      -
    303A  TRP*     4.1    11.7    -      -       +      -
    315A  LEU*     3.5    29.2    -      -       +      +
    316A  HIS      4.9     0.7    +      -       -      -
    317A  THR*     3.4     4.4    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with CYS 237 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    233A  TYR*     3.4    15.7    +      -       -      -
    235A  LEU      3.4     0.6    -      -       -      -
    236A  LEU*     1.3    81.0    -      -       -      +
    238A  GLY*     1.3    59.3    +      -       -      +
    239A  PHE*     3.2    50.9    -      -       +      -
    269A  GLU*     4.0    13.0    -      -       +      +
    270A  TRP*     3.3    36.6    -      -       +      +
    316A  HIS      4.3     2.1    -      -       -      +
    317A  THR*     3.4    11.1    +      -       -      +
    320A  VAL*     3.6    19.6    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLY 238 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    234A  ILE*     2.8    26.7    +      -       -      +
    237A  CYS*     1.3    71.6    -      -       -      +
    239A  PHE*     1.3    60.2    +      -       -      +
    317A  THR*     3.8    20.5    -      -       -      +
    320A  VAL*     3.6    17.4    -      -       -      +
    321A  LEU*     3.5    22.7    +      -       -      +
    324A  ASP*     4.5     3.3    -      -       -      +
    328A  TRP*     5.1     1.9    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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A short description of the analytical approach
The contact analysis used in this page is based upon the approach developed in: Sobolev V., Wade R.C., Vriend G. and Edelman M. PROTEINS (1996) 25, 120-129. Contact legitimacy depends on the hydrophobic-hydrophilic properties of the contacting atoms. In order to define it, for each inter-atomic contact, eight atom classes have been introduced:


   I  Hydrophilic      - N and O that can donate and accept hydrogen bonds
                         (e.g., oxygen of hydroxyl group of Ser. or Thr)
  II  Acceptor         - N or O that can only accept a hydrogen bond
 III  Donor            - N that can only donate a hydrogen bond
  IV  Hydrophobic      - Cl, Br, I and all C atoms that are not in
                         aromatic rings and do not have a covalent bond to
                         a N or O atom
   V  Aromatic         - C in aromatic rings irrespective of any other 
                         bonds formed by the atom
  VI  Neutral          - C atoms that have a covalent bond to at least one
                         atom of class I or two or more atoms from class II
                         or III; atoms; S, F, P, and metal atoms in all cases
 VII  Neutral-donor    - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only one
                         atom of class III
VIII  Neutral-acceptor - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only 
                         one atom of class II
For each pair of contacts the state of legitimacy is shown below:

Legend:
+, legitimate
-, illegitimate
------------------------------------------------------------
  Atomic class           I  II  III   IV   V   VI  VII  VIII
------------------------------------------------------------
   I  (Hydrophilic)      +   +    +    -   +   +    +    +
  II  (Acceptor)         +   -    +    -   +   +    +    -
 III  (Donor)            +   +    -    -   +   +    -    +
  IV  (Hydrophobic)      -   -    -    +   +   +    +    +
   V  (Aromatic)         +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
  VI  (Neutral)          +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
 VII  (Neutral-donor)    +   +    -    +   +   +    -    +
VIII  (Neutral-acceptor) +   -    +    +   +   +    +    -
------------------------------------------------------------
Warning!
Atom classes for heterogroups are automatically assigned based on the atomic coordinates. However, in three cases (see below) the automatic assignment is currently ambiguous. In these cases, the user is advised to manually analyse the full list of contacts using LPC software.
1. Carbon atoms belonging to a 4-, 5- or 6-member ring are 
   considered "aromatic" (Class V) if the ring is approximately
   planar, and "hydrophobic" (Class IV) or "neutral" (Classes
   VI, VII, VIII) if the ring is non-planar.
2. The oxygen atom of a carbonyl or hydroxy group is considered
   "hydroxy" (Class I) if the CO bond is longer than 1.29 Å, and
   "carbonyl" (Class II) if shorter.
3. All nitrogen atoms are considered "hydrophilic" (Class I).

Please E-mail any questions and/or suggestions concerning this page to Vladimir.Sobolev@weizmann.ac.il