Contacts of the helix formed by residues 299 - 321 (chain C) in PDB entry 3ZXR


Residue contacts within the protein are derived with the CSU software (Sobolev V., Sorokine A., Prilusky J., Abola E.E. and Edelman M. (1999) Automated analysis of interatomic contacts in proteins. Bioinformatics, 15, 327-332). A short description of the analytical approach is given at the end of the page.
For CSU analysis of other PDB entry

Note:
Non-standard 3 letter residue codes indicate a heterogroup. To identify and analyse, use LPC software

Legend:
Dist - nearest distance (Å) between atoms of two residues
Surf - contact surface area (Å2) between two residues
HB   - hydrophilic-hydrophilic contact (hydrogen bond)
Arom - aromatic-aromatic contact
Phob - hydrophobic-hydrophobic contact
DC   - hydrophobic-hydrophilic contact (destabilizing contact)
+/-  - indicates presence/absence of a specific contacts
*    - indicates residues forming contacts  by their side chain
       (including CA atoms)
Residues in contact with SER 299 (chain C).
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    288C  LEU      2.6    28.9    +      -       -      -
    289C  MET      2.8    16.9    +      -       -      -
    290C  TYR      3.8    11.7    -      -       -      -
    291C  ASP*     3.5    14.9    -      -       -      +
    298C  LEU*     1.3    75.7    -      -       -      +
    300C  ASP*     1.3    59.5    +      -       -      +
    301C  THR*     3.5     4.1    +      -       -      -
    302C  ALA*     3.3    13.9    +      -       -      +
    303C  ARG*     2.9    29.3    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASP 300 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    291C  ASP*     5.2     5.1    +      -       -      +
    299C  SER*     1.3    71.7    -      -       -      +
    301C  THR*     1.3    61.1    +      -       -      +
    303C  ARG*     2.8    40.1    +      -       -      +
    304C  HIS*     2.9    50.5    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with THR 301 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    124C  ILE*     4.6     6.5    -      -       +      -
    281C  LEU*     4.5    12.1    -      -       +      -
    288C  LEU*     4.1    22.8    +      -       +      +
    289C  MET*     5.4     1.6    -      -       -      -
    299C  SER*     3.3     8.4    +      -       -      -
    300C  ASP*     1.3    79.5    -      -       -      +
    302C  ALA*     1.3    55.8    +      -       -      +
    304C  HIS*     4.7     2.7    -      -       -      -
    305C  TYR*     2.9    28.1    +      -       -      +
    391C  ILE*     3.5    37.3    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 302 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    288C  LEU      4.6     0.2    +      -       -      -
    289C  MET*     3.5    55.4    -      -       +      +
    298C  LEU*     3.8    17.5    -      -       +      -
    299C  SER*     3.3    10.1    +      -       -      +
    301C  THR*     1.3    75.4    -      -       -      +
    303C  ARG*     1.3    66.5    +      -       -      +
    305C  TYR*     3.1     5.1    +      -       -      +
    306C  ILE*     3.0    28.1    +      -       +      +
    365C  LEU*     4.5     0.5    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG 303 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    294C  GLY*     5.9     3.2    -      -       -      -
    295C  TYR*     6.4     1.3    -      -       -      -
    298C  LEU*     4.7    11.5    +      -       +      +
    299C  SER      2.9    15.6    +      -       -      +
    300C  ASP*     2.8    39.2    +      -       -      +
    302C  ALA*     1.3    75.3    -      -       -      +
    304C  HIS*     1.3    65.2    +      -       -      +
    306C  ILE*     3.3    11.8    +      -       -      +
    307C  GLY      2.9    22.0    +      -       -      -
    342C  TYR*     4.1    18.8    -      -       +      +
    396C  GLU*     2.9    37.4    +      -       -      -
    397C  PRO*     3.5    23.5    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with HIS 304 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    300C  ASP*     2.9    38.4    +      -       +      +
    301C  THR*     3.9     3.8    -      -       -      +
    303C  ARG*     1.3    80.5    +      -       -      +
    305C  TYR*     1.3    58.6    +      -       -      +
    307C  GLY*     3.1     1.2    +      -       -      -
    308C  GLY      2.9    23.9    +      -       -      -
    390C  GLY*     3.4    25.0    -      -       -      +
    391C  ILE*     3.8    13.0    +      -       +      +
    394C  LYS*     3.5    42.5    +      -       +      +
    395C  ILE      3.4    18.5    -      -       -      +
    396C  GLU*     2.9    28.9    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with TYR 305 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    128C  ALA*     5.7     0.3    -      -       -      +
    130C  PHE*     4.4     3.3    -      -       -      -
    279C  GLN*     2.8    38.6    +      -       +      +
    280C  SER      6.1     0.4    -      -       -      -
    281C  LEU*     3.8    35.1    -      -       +      +
    289C  MET*     4.9     3.8    -      -       +      -
    301C  THR      2.9    14.7    +      -       -      +
    302C  ALA*     3.1    13.7    +      -       -      +
    304C  HIS*     1.3    73.4    -      -       -      +
    306C  ILE*     1.3    64.7    +      -       -      +
    308C  GLY*     3.2     4.0    +      -       -      -
    309C  LEU*     3.1    33.0    +      -       +      +
    365C  LEU*     3.5    21.1    -      -       +      -
    383C  MET      3.7     0.4    +      -       -      -
    384C  LEU*     3.5    33.7    -      -       +      +
    387C  GLY*     3.6    38.4    -      -       -      -
    388C  LEU      4.4     0.2    -      -       -      -
    391C  ILE*     3.8     2.6    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 306 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    298C  LEU*     3.9    18.6    -      -       +      -
    302C  ALA      3.0    17.8    +      -       -      +
    303C  ARG*     3.5     7.9    -      -       -      +
    305C  TYR*     1.3    73.9    -      -       -      +
    307C  GLY*     1.3    63.9    +      -       -      +
    309C  LEU*     3.1     8.9    +      -       -      +
    310C  LEU*     3.0    34.3    +      -       +      +
    342C  TYR*     3.8    39.0    -      -       +      -
    351C  VAL*     4.2     9.4    -      -       +      -
    353C  ILE*     3.8    29.8    -      -       +      -
    365C  LEU*     3.7    24.0    -      -       +      -
    397C  PRO*     4.3     3.8    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLY 307 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    303C  ARG      2.9    12.5    +      -       -      -
    304C  HIS      3.1     5.5    +      -       -      -
    306C  ILE*     1.3    76.9    -      -       -      +
    308C  GLY*     1.3    55.3    +      -       -      +
    310C  LEU*     4.3     1.0    -      -       -      +
    311C  HIS*     3.0    32.6    +      -       -      +
    395C  ILE*     3.6    25.9    -      -       -      +
    397C  PRO*     3.8    19.4    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLY 308 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    304C  HIS      2.9    11.5    +      -       -      -
    305C  TYR      3.2     2.4    +      -       -      -
    307C  GLY*     1.3    73.7    -      -       -      +
    309C  LEU*     1.3    56.0    +      -       -      +
    311C  HIS*     3.2     2.4    +      -       -      -
    312C  HIS*     2.7    44.1    +      -       -      +
    386C  ALA      3.3    24.2    -      -       -      -
    390C  GLY*     3.8    13.1    -      -       -      -
    395C  ILE*     4.5     1.8    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 309 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    279C  GLN*     4.4     1.1    -      -       -      +
    305C  TYR*     3.1    29.5    +      -       +      +
    306C  ILE*     3.1     9.6    +      -       -      +
    308C  GLY*     1.3    73.0    -      -       -      +
    310C  LEU*     1.3    61.2    +      -       +      +
    312C  HIS      3.8     0.3    -      -       -      -
    313C  ALA*     2.9    30.3    +      -       -      +
    316C  LEU*     3.9    23.1    -      -       +      +
    351C  VAL*     4.5     6.5    -      -       +      -
    365C  LEU*     3.7    30.3    -      -       +      -
    367C  PHE*     4.2    32.0    -      -       +      -
    383C  MET*     3.6    34.8    -      -       +      +
    386C  ALA*     4.2     6.0    +      -       +      -
    387C  GLY      4.4     0.4    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 310 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    306C  ILE*     3.0    32.6    +      -       +      +
    307C  GLY*     4.3     3.4    -      -       -      +
    309C  LEU*     1.3    75.5    -      -       -      +
    311C  HIS*     1.3    65.7    +      -       -      +
    313C  ALA*     3.4    15.0    -      -       +      +
    314C  PRO*     4.3     0.2    -      -       -      +
    340C  LEU*     3.6    46.6    -      -       +      +
    341C  VAL*     3.7    17.9    -      -       -      -
    342C  TYR*     3.7     9.6    -      -       +      +
    350C  CYS*     3.8    32.1    -      -       +      -
    351C  VAL*     4.1    11.7    -      -       +      -
    367C  PHE*     5.0     1.8    -      -       +      -
    397C  PRO*     4.7     8.7    -      -       +      -
    398C  GLN*     5.7     4.5    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with HIS 311 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    307C  GLY      3.0    21.1    +      -       -      +
    308C  GLY      3.8     1.6    -      -       -      +
    310C  LEU*     1.3    77.6    -      -       -      +
    312C  HIS*     1.3    91.0    +      +       -      +
    314C  PRO*     3.4    13.5    -      -       -      +
    395C  ILE*     3.9    28.5    -      -       +      +
    429C  ARG*     5.4     3.1    +      -       -      -
    433C  ASP*     5.8     1.4    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with HIS 312 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    308C  GLY*     2.7    29.0    +      -       -      +
    309C  LEU      3.8     0.4    -      -       -      +
    311C  HIS*     1.3    94.7    +      +       -      +
    313C  ALA*     1.3    64.5    +      -       -      +
    314C  PRO*     3.2     4.2    -      -       -      +
    315C  SER*     2.9    10.5    +      -       -      -
    316C  LEU*     2.8    21.0    +      -       +      -
    386C  ALA*     3.9    30.1    -      -       +      -
    389C  ASP*     2.7    30.8    +      -       +      -
    395C  ILE*     4.7     0.4    -      -       +      +
    433C  ASP*     4.6    11.2    +      -       -      -
    436C  TYR*     3.4    45.2    -      +       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 313 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    309C  LEU      2.9    15.4    +      -       -      +
    310C  LEU*     3.4    16.4    -      -       +      +
    312C  HIS*     1.3    74.9    -      -       -      +
    314C  PRO*     1.4    68.6    -      -       +      +
    315C  SER      3.0     1.6    +      -       -      -
    316C  LEU*     4.0     8.5    -      -       +      -
    317C  LEU*     3.1    39.0    +      -       +      +
    340C  LEU*     3.6    27.1    -      -       +      -
    367C  PHE*     5.6     3.6    -      -       +      -
    420C  PRO*     5.2     1.8    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with PRO 314 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    310C  LEU      4.3     2.2    -      -       -      +
    311C  HIS      3.4    13.0    -      -       -      +
    312C  HIS      3.2     6.5    -      -       -      +
    313C  ALA*     1.4    92.8    -      -       +      +
    315C  SER*     1.3    55.4    +      -       -      +
    340C  LEU*     4.6    11.9    -      -       +      -
    420C  PRO*     4.3    15.9    -      -       +      +
    425C  ASP      5.0     0.2    -      -       -      -
    426C  VAL*     3.5    20.3    -      -       -      +
    429C  ARG*     3.4    53.2    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with SER 315 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    312C  HIS*     2.9     8.3    +      -       -      +
    314C  PRO*     1.3    77.1    -      -       -      +
    316C  LEU*     1.3    67.0    +      -       -      +
    317C  LEU      3.1     2.5    -      -       -      -
    318C  ALA*     3.0    23.7    +      -       -      +
    319C  PHE*     4.4     0.7    +      -       -      -
    426C  VAL      4.3     4.9    -      -       -      -
    429C  ARG*     3.8    11.4    -      -       -      +
    430C  LEU*     3.8    22.6    -      -       -      +
    433C  ASP*     3.6    20.6    +      -       -      -
    436C  TYR*     2.7    37.9    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 316 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    309C  LEU*     3.9    30.7    -      -       +      +
    312C  HIS*     2.8    19.4    +      -       +      +
    313C  ALA*     4.0     3.4    -      -       -      -
    315C  SER*     1.3    77.6    +      -       -      +
    317C  LEU*     1.3    57.8    +      -       +      +
    318C  ALA      3.0     0.2    -      -       -      -
    319C  PHE*     2.9    22.4    +      -       -      +
    320C  THR*     3.2    21.1    +      -       +      +
    367C  PHE*     3.8    30.7    -      -       +      -
    382C  ALA*     3.5    44.4    -      -       +      +
    383C  MET*     3.6     3.1    -      -       -      +
    386C  ALA*     4.1     7.9    -      -       +      -
    436C  TYR*     3.4    12.1    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 317 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    313C  ALA*     3.1    28.9    +      -       +      +
    315C  SER      3.1     0.8    -      -       -      -
    316C  LEU*     1.3    76.9    -      -       +      +
    318C  ALA*     1.3    58.4    +      -       -      +
    319C  PHE      3.1     0.2    -      -       -      -
    320C  THR*     3.1    19.3    -      -       -      +
    321C  ASN*     2.7    38.6    +      -       +      +
    327C  TYR*     3.5    15.3    -      -       +      +
    330C  LEU*     4.0    17.7    -      -       +      -
    340C  LEU*     5.9     0.9    -      -       +      -
    350C  CYS*     6.3     0.4    -      -       -      -
    367C  PHE*     4.3    11.9    -      -       +      -
    369C  SER*     3.3    30.3    -      -       -      +
    419C  THR*     4.9     4.5    -      -       +      -
    420C  PRO*     3.7    27.1    -      -       +      -
    426C  VAL*     4.1     7.0    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 318 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    315C  SER      3.0    16.0    +      -       -      +
    316C  LEU      3.0     1.6    +      -       -      -
    317C  LEU*     1.3    77.7    -      -       -      +
    319C  PHE*     1.3    59.0    +      -       +      +
    321C  ASN      4.9     0.7    -      -       -      -
    322C  PRO*     3.5    16.5    -      -       -      +
    423C  LEU*     5.0     0.2    -      -       -      -
    426C  VAL*     3.6    27.8    -      -       +      +
    427C  ILE*     4.0    13.2    -      -       +      +
    430C  LEU*     3.8    26.9    -      -       +      -
    451C  TRP*     2.9    20.0    +      -       -      -
    455C  LYS*     5.3     0.2    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with PHE 319 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    315C  SER      5.0     0.9    -      -       -      -
    316C  LEU*     2.9    11.0    +      -       -      +
    318C  ALA*     1.3    81.2    -      -       +      +
    320C  THR*     1.3    60.7    +      -       -      +
    321C  ASN      3.5     0.4    -      -       -      -
    322C  PRO*     3.9    11.9    -      -       -      +
    375C  ASN      4.7     4.7    +      -       -      +
    378C  LEU*     4.0    31.1    -      -       +      +
    379C  ALA*     3.5    16.1    +      -       -      +
    382C  ALA*     3.9    28.9    -      -       +      -
    430C  LEU*     3.9    31.0    -      -       +      -
    437C  LEU*     4.0    11.9    -      -       +      -
    443C  PHE*     3.8    24.9    -      +       -      -
    447C  LEU*     4.7     3.6    -      -       +      -
    448C  ILE*     4.6     7.4    -      -       +      -
    451C  TRP*     3.4    54.3    -      +       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with THR 320 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    275C  MET*     5.4     0.2    -      -       -      +
    316C  LEU*     3.2    28.2    +      -       +      +
    317C  LEU*     3.1    23.9    -      -       -      +
    319C  PHE*     1.3    80.4    -      -       +      +
    321C  ASN*     1.3    74.9    +      -       -      +
    322C  PRO*     3.6     3.6    -      -       -      +
    367C  PHE*     4.2     3.6    -      -       +      -
    370C  PRO*     3.4    14.3    -      -       -      +
    371C  ASP      3.1    32.7    +      -       -      +
    379C  ALA*     4.3     9.6    -      -       -      +
    383C  MET*     3.8    30.1    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASN 321 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    317C  LEU*     2.7    20.4    +      -       +      +
    320C  THR*     1.3    99.3    +      -       -      +
    322C  PRO*     1.3    59.9    -      -       -      +
    323C  THR      3.3     2.4    +      -       -      -
    326C  SER*     3.4    10.7    +      -       -      -
    327C  TYR*     2.9    41.4    +      -       +      +
    329C  ARG*     4.0     4.4    -      -       -      +
    330C  LEU*     3.8    17.0    -      -       -      +
    369C  SER*     2.8    43.5    +      -       -      +
    371C  ASP*     3.5    15.3    +      -       -      -
    423C  LEU*     3.9     1.4    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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A short description of the analytical approach
The contact analysis used in this page is based upon the approach developed in: Sobolev V., Wade R.C., Vriend G. and Edelman M. PROTEINS (1996) 25, 120-129. Contact legitimacy depends on the hydrophobic-hydrophilic properties of the contacting atoms. In order to define it, for each inter-atomic contact, eight atom classes have been introduced:


   I  Hydrophilic      - N and O that can donate and accept hydrogen bonds
                         (e.g., oxygen of hydroxyl group of Ser. or Thr)
  II  Acceptor         - N or O that can only accept a hydrogen bond
 III  Donor            - N that can only donate a hydrogen bond
  IV  Hydrophobic      - Cl, Br, I and all C atoms that are not in
                         aromatic rings and do not have a covalent bond to
                         a N or O atom
   V  Aromatic         - C in aromatic rings irrespective of any other 
                         bonds formed by the atom
  VI  Neutral          - C atoms that have a covalent bond to at least one
                         atom of class I or two or more atoms from class II
                         or III; atoms; S, F, P, and metal atoms in all cases
 VII  Neutral-donor    - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only one
                         atom of class III
VIII  Neutral-acceptor - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only 
                         one atom of class II
For each pair of contacts the state of legitimacy is shown below:

Legend:
+, legitimate
-, illegitimate
------------------------------------------------------------
  Atomic class           I  II  III   IV   V   VI  VII  VIII
------------------------------------------------------------
   I  (Hydrophilic)      +   +    +    -   +   +    +    +
  II  (Acceptor)         +   -    +    -   +   +    +    -
 III  (Donor)            +   +    -    -   +   +    -    +
  IV  (Hydrophobic)      -   -    -    +   +   +    +    +
   V  (Aromatic)         +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
  VI  (Neutral)          +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
 VII  (Neutral-donor)    +   +    -    +   +   +    -    +
VIII  (Neutral-acceptor) +   -    +    +   +   +    +    -
------------------------------------------------------------
Warning!
Atom classes for heterogroups are automatically assigned based on the atomic coordinates. However, in three cases (see below) the automatic assignment is currently ambiguous. In these cases, the user is advised to manually analyse the full list of contacts using LPC software.
1. Carbon atoms belonging to a 4-, 5- or 6-member ring are 
   considered "aromatic" (Class V) if the ring is approximately
   planar, and "hydrophobic" (Class IV) or "neutral" (Classes
   VI, VII, VIII) if the ring is non-planar.
2. The oxygen atom of a carbonyl or hydroxy group is considered
   "hydroxy" (Class I) if the CO bond is longer than 1.29 Å, and
   "carbonyl" (Class II) if shorter.
3. All nitrogen atoms are considered "hydrophilic" (Class I).

Please E-mail any questions and/or suggestions concerning this page to Vladimir.Sobolev@weizmann.ac.il