Contacts of the helix formed by residues 67 - 90 (chain A) in PDB entry 4HRG


Residue contacts within the protein are derived with the CSU software (Sobolev V., Sorokine A., Prilusky J., Abola E.E. and Edelman M. (1999) Automated analysis of interatomic contacts in proteins. Bioinformatics, 15, 327-332). A short description of the analytical approach is given at the end of the page.
For CSU analysis of other PDB entry

Note:
Non-standard 3 letter residue codes indicate a heterogroup. To identify and analyse, use LPC software

Legend:
Dist - nearest distance (Å) between atoms of two residues
Surf - contact surface area (Å2) between two residues
HB   - hydrophilic-hydrophilic contact (hydrogen bond)
Arom - aromatic-aromatic contact
Phob - hydrophobic-hydrophobic contact
DC   - hydrophobic-hydrophilic contact (destabilizing contact)
+/-  - indicates presence/absence of a specific contacts
*    - indicates residues forming contacts  by their side chain
       (including CA atoms)
Residues in contact with GLY 67 (chain A).
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     15A  PHE*     3.6     6.7    -      -       -      -
     23A  GLY      5.0     2.0    -      -       -      -
     24A  TYR*     4.7     6.9    -      -       -      +
     60A  GLN*     3.9     8.4    +      -       -      -
     65A  LYS*     3.9     4.4    +      -       -      +
     66A  VAL*     1.3    75.9    -      -       -      +
     68A  PHE*     1.3    60.5    +      -       -      -
     69A  GLN      3.3     2.7    -      -       -      -
     70A  SER*     3.3     9.5    +      -       -      -
     71A  PHE*     2.8    27.0    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with PHE 68 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     11A  MET      3.8    21.1    -      -       -      -
     12A  MET*     3.9    12.6    -      -       -      -
     15A  PHE*     3.5    41.9    -      +       +      -
     60A  GLN*     4.3     0.2    +      -       -      -
     67A  GLY*     1.3    72.8    -      -       -      -
     69A  GLN*     1.3    53.6    +      -       -      +
     71A  PHE*     3.1    11.4    +      +       -      +
     72A  PHE*     2.7    60.1    +      +       -      +
     79B  THR*     3.8    32.8    -      -       +      -
     80B  ILE*     4.0    17.0    -      -       +      -
     83B  ASN*     3.4    36.3    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLN 69 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     59A  ASP*     4.5    10.8    +      -       -      +
     60A  GLN*     3.2    25.9    +      -       +      +
     67A  GLY      3.3     0.2    -      -       -      -
     68A  PHE*     1.3    79.6    -      -       -      +
     70A  SER*     1.3    61.6    +      -       -      +
     72A  PHE*     3.3     1.4    +      -       -      -
     73A  SER*     3.0    18.7    +      -       -      -
     80B  ILE*     3.7    41.4    -      -       +      +
   5661C  MET*     3.4    23.7    -      -       +      +
   5663D  ILE*     4.5    12.7    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with SER 70 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     58A  LEU*     3.8     9.0    -      -       -      +
     59A  ASP*     2.5    14.0    +      -       -      -
     60A  GLN*     2.3    57.1    +      -       -      +
     61A  CYS*     4.4     6.5    -      -       -      -
     66A  VAL*     3.8    16.4    -      -       -      -
     67A  GLY      3.5     9.3    +      -       -      -
     68A  PHE      3.2     0.4    -      -       -      -
     69A  GLN*     1.3    70.1    -      -       -      +
     71A  PHE*     1.3    64.9    +      -       -      +
     73A  SER*     2.7    23.0    +      -       -      -
     74A  LEU      3.4     4.2    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with PHE 71 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     11A  MET*     3.7    26.7    -      -       +      -
     14A  THR*     4.6     7.0    -      -       +      -
     15A  PHE*     3.7    26.5    -      +       +      -
     25A  LEU*     3.9    17.7    -      -       +      -
     30A  LEU*     4.7     6.7    -      -       +      -
     33A  LEU*     3.7    37.9    -      -       +      -
     58A  LEU*     5.3     0.4    -      -       -      -
     66A  VAL*     3.8     5.8    -      -       +      +
     67A  GLY      2.8    13.9    +      -       -      +
     68A  PHE*     3.3    19.7    -      +       -      +
     70A  SER*     1.3    77.6    -      -       -      +
     72A  PHE*     1.3    63.3    +      +       -      +
     74A  LEU*     3.2    27.0    +      -       +      +
     75A  ILE*     3.3    33.6    +      -       +      +
      4B  MET*     4.6     7.6    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with PHE 72 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     11A  MET*     3.9    25.8    -      -       +      -
     68A  PHE*     2.7    43.5    +      +       +      +
     69A  GLN*     3.6     8.3    -      -       -      +
     71A  PHE*     1.3    73.3    -      +       -      +
     73A  SER*     1.3    59.7    +      -       -      +
     75A  ILE*     3.2     8.5    +      -       +      +
     76A  ALA*     2.8    25.3    +      -       -      +
     72B  PHE*     3.2    33.2    -      +       -      -
     75B  ILE*     4.1    10.8    -      -       +      -
     76B  ALA*     3.4    38.4    -      -       +      -
     79B  THR*     3.8    29.2    -      -       +      -
     80B  ILE*     4.6     3.8    -      -       +      -
   5661C  MET*     4.2     7.9    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with SER 73 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     58A  LEU*     3.5    10.7    -      -       -      +
     59A  ASP*     3.7    13.7    +      -       -      -
     69A  GLN      3.0    11.5    +      -       -      -
     70A  SER*     2.7    20.7    +      -       -      -
     72A  PHE*     1.3    76.0    -      -       -      +
     74A  LEU*     1.3    57.8    +      -       -      +
     76A  ALA*     3.2     4.1    +      -       -      +
     77A  GLY      2.9    25.1    +      -       -      -
   5661C  MET*     3.9    20.1    -      -       -      +
   5662C  LYS      3.2    24.9    -      -       -      -
   5663C  ILE*     4.1     1.0    -      -       -      +
   5664C  PRO*     3.3    11.9    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 74 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     30A  LEU*     4.0    26.9    -      -       +      -
     33A  LEU*     5.7     0.2    -      -       +      -
     34A  MET*     4.1    22.2    -      -       +      -
     38A  PHE*     4.9     2.7    -      -       +      -
     54A  ILE*     4.0    19.3    -      -       +      -
     58A  LEU*     3.6    18.4    -      -       +      -
     70A  SER      3.4     1.1    +      -       -      +
     71A  PHE*     3.2    20.1    +      -       +      +
     73A  SER*     1.3    81.2    +      -       -      +
     75A  ILE*     1.3    67.7    +      -       +      +
     77A  GLY*     3.2     2.6    +      -       -      -
     78A  LEU*     3.0    39.5    +      -       +      +
   5664C  PRO*     4.1     2.0    -      -       +      -
   5666C  PHE*     3.9    23.3    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 75 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     11A  MET*     3.7    33.2    -      -       +      -
     38A  PHE*     3.7    23.3    -      -       +      -
     71A  PHE*     3.7    34.3    -      -       +      +
     72A  PHE*     3.2    12.4    +      -       +      +
     74A  LEU*     1.3    81.0    -      -       +      +
     76A  ALA*     1.3    62.4    +      -       -      +
     78A  LEU*     3.9     4.2    -      -       +      +
     79A  THR*     2.7    43.3    +      -       -      +
      4B  MET*     3.5    24.7    -      -       +      -
      8B  MET*     4.3     5.4    -      -       +      -
     72B  PHE*     3.9     9.2    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 76 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     72A  PHE      2.8    12.4    +      -       -      +
     73A  SER*     3.4    12.1    -      -       -      +
     75A  ILE*     1.3    77.3    -      -       -      +
     77A  GLY*     1.3    58.1    +      -       -      +
     80A  ILE*     2.8    46.2    +      -       +      +
     72B  PHE*     3.3    33.6    -      -       +      -
   5661C  MET*     4.7     2.0    -      -       -      -
   5663C  ILE*     4.5     6.3    -      -       +      -
   5661D  MET*     4.6    12.3    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLY 77 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     73A  SER      2.9    12.0    +      -       -      -
     74A  LEU      3.7     2.9    -      -       -      -
     76A  ALA*     1.3    75.9    -      -       -      +
     78A  LEU*     1.3    62.8    +      -       -      +
     80A  ILE*     4.1     1.2    -      -       -      +
     81A  ALA*     3.1    25.3    +      -       -      +
   5663C  ILE*     3.4    25.8    -      -       -      +
   5664C  PRO*     3.4    13.5    -      -       -      +
   5666C  PHE*     3.7     8.7    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 78 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     34A  MET*     5.0     4.0    -      -       +      -
     38A  PHE*     3.9    37.2    -      -       +      -
     41A  PHE*     3.9    23.6    -      -       +      -
     74A  LEU*     3.0    36.8    +      -       +      +
     75A  ILE*     3.9     3.1    -      -       +      +
     77A  GLY*     1.3    75.5    -      -       -      +
     79A  THR*     1.3    59.3    +      -       -      +
     81A  ALA*     3.3     4.2    +      -       -      +
     82A  CYS*     2.8    32.1    +      -       -      -
    107A  LEU*     4.3    12.3    -      -       +      -
    110A  LEU*     4.1     3.3    -      -       +      +
      8B  MET*     3.7    13.7    -      -       +      -
   5666C  PHE*     3.3    34.3    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with THR 79 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     75A  ILE*     2.7    28.2    +      -       -      +
     76A  ALA      4.0     0.4    -      -       -      -
     78A  LEU*     1.3    74.7    -      -       -      +
     80A  ILE*     1.3    62.2    +      -       -      +
     82A  CYS*     3.3     5.4    +      -       +      +
     83A  ASN*     2.8    28.2    +      -       -      +
    103A  VAL*     6.3     0.7    -      -       +      -
      8B  MET*     3.4    47.0    -      -       +      +
     11B  MET*     4.0     4.0    -      -       +      +
     12B  MET*     4.9     4.0    -      -       +      +
     68B  PHE*     3.7    23.6    -      -       +      -
     72B  PHE*     3.8    17.8    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 80 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     76A  ALA*     2.8    29.7    +      -       +      +
     77A  GLY      4.1     2.7    -      -       -      +
     79A  THR*     1.3    75.9    -      -       -      +
     81A  ALA*     1.3    63.9    +      -       -      +
     83A  ASN*     3.2     3.3    +      -       -      +
     84A  ASP*     3.0    34.3    +      -       -      +
     68B  PHE*     3.9    25.6    -      -       +      -
     69B  GLN*     3.7    46.7    -      -       +      +
     72B  PHE*     4.6     9.6    -      -       +      -
   5663C  ILE*     3.7    20.0    -      -       +      -
   5661D  MET*     4.7     3.1    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 81 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     77A  GLY      3.1    20.3    +      -       -      +
     78A  LEU      3.7     3.4    -      -       -      +
     80A  ILE*     1.3    76.8    -      -       -      +
     82A  CYS*     1.3    66.5    +      -       -      +
     84A  ASP*     3.3     9.3    +      -       -      +
     85A  TYR*     3.1    22.3    +      -       -      +
    110A  LEU*     3.8    21.3    -      -       +      +
   5666C  PHE*     3.8    27.8    -      -       +      +
   5668C  PHE*     3.7     8.0    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with CYS 82 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     78A  LEU      2.8    26.2    +      -       -      +
     79A  THR*     3.5    11.0    -      -       +      +
     81A  ALA*     1.3    73.7    -      -       -      +
     83A  ASN*     1.3    63.2    +      -       -      +
     85A  TYR*     3.3     2.9    +      -       -      +
     86A  PHE*     2.9    23.6    +      -       -      +
    103A  VAL*     4.4    11.7    -      -       +      -
    106A  ILE*     3.6    33.3    -      -       +      +
    107A  LEU*     3.6    32.5    -      -       -      -
    110A  LEU*     4.2     2.9    -      -       -      -
      8B  MET*     4.3     7.4    -      -       -      -
     12B  MET*     4.2    11.2    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASN 83 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     79A  THR      2.8    16.9    +      -       -      +
     80A  ILE      3.5     5.4    +      -       -      +
     82A  CYS*     1.3    77.3    -      -       -      +
     84A  ASP*     1.3    68.0    +      -       -      +
     86A  PHE*     3.2     2.4    +      -       -      +
     87A  VAL*     2.8    38.2    +      -       -      +
     12B  MET*     3.4    22.6    -      -       +      +
     15B  PHE*     5.2     0.4    -      -       -      -
     16B  HIS*     2.7    29.8    +      -       -      -
     68B  PHE*     3.4    43.4    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASP 84 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     80A  ILE*     3.0    27.0    +      -       -      +
     81A  ALA*     3.7    10.3    -      -       -      +
     82A  CYS      3.3     0.2    -      -       -      -
     83A  ASN*     1.3    87.0    +      -       -      +
     85A  TYR*     1.3    61.8    +      -       -      +
     87A  VAL*     3.9     5.5    -      -       -      +
     88A  VAL*     3.0    31.9    +      -       +      +
   5668C  PHE*     3.8    17.1    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with TYR 85 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     81A  ALA      3.1    11.6    +      -       -      +
     82A  CYS      3.5     7.4    -      -       -      +
     84A  ASP*     1.3    74.1    -      -       -      +
     86A  PHE*     1.3    56.8    +      -       -      +
     88A  VAL      3.2     0.2    +      -       -      -
     89A  HIS*     2.8    71.7    +      +       +      +
     90A  MET*     4.0    18.2    -      -       +      -
    105A  GLU*     6.2     1.6    -      -       +      -
    106A  ILE*     3.7    31.6    -      -       +      -
    109A  LYS*     3.7    44.3    -      -       +      +
    110A  LEU*     5.0     0.7    -      -       +      -
   5668C  PHE*     3.6    36.9    -      +       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with PHE 86 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     82A  CYS      2.9    13.8    +      -       -      +
     83A  ASN*     3.3     7.4    -      -       -      +
     85A  TYR*     1.3    78.6    -      -       -      +
     87A  VAL*     1.3    61.0    +      -       -      +
     90A  MET*     2.9    34.6    +      -       +      -
     91A  LYS*     2.8    54.0    +      -       +      -
     97A  PHE*     3.6    42.0    -      +       -      -
    102A  THR*     5.1     0.9    -      -       -      -
    106A  ILE*     4.2     3.1    -      -       +      -
     12B  MET*     3.8    22.2    -      -       +      -
     13B  PHE*     3.7    26.9    -      +       -      -
     16B  HIS*     3.8    36.3    -      +       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 87 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     83A  ASN*     2.8    28.9    +      -       -      +
     84A  ASP*     3.9     6.7    -      -       -      +
     86A  PHE*     1.3    79.3    -      -       +      +
     88A  VAL*     1.3    65.8    +      -       +      +
     91A  LYS*     4.2    21.9    +      -       +      +
     92A  GLN*     4.9    11.7    +      -       -      +
     16B  HIS*     3.7    31.2    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 88 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     84A  ASP*     3.0    23.5    +      -       +      +
     85A  TYR*     3.9     2.7    -      -       -      +
     87A  VAL*     1.3    83.9    -      -       +      +
     89A  HIS*     1.3    87.7    +      -       +      +
     92A  GLN*     5.8     2.4    -      -       -      +
     93A  GLU*     4.6     5.0    -      -       -      +
   5668C  PHE*     4.6    11.2    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with HIS 89 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     85A  TYR*     2.8    63.9    +      +       +      +
     88A  VAL*     1.3    97.9    -      -       +      +
     90A  MET*     1.3    59.1    +      -       +      +
     93A  GLU*     3.3    23.3    -      -       -      +
   5668C  PHE*     4.1    17.0    -      +       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with MET 90 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     85A  TYR*     4.0    19.3    -      -       +      -
     86A  PHE*     2.9    22.4    +      -       +      +
     88A  VAL      3.8     0.4    -      -       -      -
     89A  HIS*     1.3    83.4    -      -       +      +
     91A  LYS*     1.3    68.0    +      -       -      +
     92A  GLN      3.3     2.5    -      -       -      -
     93A  GLU*     2.9    21.2    +      -       -      +
     94A  ASN      3.5     5.5    +      -       -      -
     97A  PHE*     3.6    21.1    -      -       +      -
    102A  THR*     4.3    22.0    -      -       +      +
    105A  GLU*     4.9    17.7    -      -       +      +
    106A  ILE*     3.8    34.8    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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A short description of the analytical approach
The contact analysis used in this page is based upon the approach developed in: Sobolev V., Wade R.C., Vriend G. and Edelman M. PROTEINS (1996) 25, 120-129. Contact legitimacy depends on the hydrophobic-hydrophilic properties of the contacting atoms. In order to define it, for each inter-atomic contact, eight atom classes have been introduced:


   I  Hydrophilic      - N and O that can donate and accept hydrogen bonds
                         (e.g., oxygen of hydroxyl group of Ser. or Thr)
  II  Acceptor         - N or O that can only accept a hydrogen bond
 III  Donor            - N that can only donate a hydrogen bond
  IV  Hydrophobic      - Cl, Br, I and all C atoms that are not in
                         aromatic rings and do not have a covalent bond to
                         a N or O atom
   V  Aromatic         - C in aromatic rings irrespective of any other 
                         bonds formed by the atom
  VI  Neutral          - C atoms that have a covalent bond to at least one
                         atom of class I or two or more atoms from class II
                         or III; atoms; S, F, P, and metal atoms in all cases
 VII  Neutral-donor    - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only one
                         atom of class III
VIII  Neutral-acceptor - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only 
                         one atom of class II
For each pair of contacts the state of legitimacy is shown below:

Legend:
+, legitimate
-, illegitimate
------------------------------------------------------------
  Atomic class           I  II  III   IV   V   VI  VII  VIII
------------------------------------------------------------
   I  (Hydrophilic)      +   +    +    -   +   +    +    +
  II  (Acceptor)         +   -    +    -   +   +    +    -
 III  (Donor)            +   +    -    -   +   +    -    +
  IV  (Hydrophobic)      -   -    -    +   +   +    +    +
   V  (Aromatic)         +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
  VI  (Neutral)          +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
 VII  (Neutral-donor)    +   +    -    +   +   +    -    +
VIII  (Neutral-acceptor) +   -    +    +   +   +    +    -
------------------------------------------------------------
Warning!
Atom classes for heterogroups are automatically assigned based on the atomic coordinates. However, in three cases (see below) the automatic assignment is currently ambiguous. In these cases, the user is advised to manually analyse the full list of contacts using LPC software.
1. Carbon atoms belonging to a 4-, 5- or 6-member ring are 
   considered "aromatic" (Class V) if the ring is approximately
   planar, and "hydrophobic" (Class IV) or "neutral" (Classes
   VI, VII, VIII) if the ring is non-planar.
2. The oxygen atom of a carbonyl or hydroxy group is considered
   "hydroxy" (Class I) if the CO bond is longer than 1.29 Å, and
   "carbonyl" (Class II) if shorter.
3. All nitrogen atoms are considered "hydrophilic" (Class I).

Please E-mail any questions and/or suggestions concerning this page to Vladimir.Sobolev@weizmann.ac.il