Contacts of the helix formed by residues 840 - 863 (chain A) in PDB entry 4K6J


Residue contacts within the protein are derived with the CSU software (Sobolev V., Sorokine A., Prilusky J., Abola E.E. and Edelman M. (1999) Automated analysis of interatomic contacts in proteins. Bioinformatics, 15, 327-332). A short description of the analytical approach is given at the end of the page.
For CSU analysis of other PDB entry

Note:
Non-standard 3 letter residue codes indicate a heterogroup. To identify and analyse, use LPC software

Legend:
Dist - nearest distance (Å) between atoms of two residues
Surf - contact surface area (Å2) between two residues
HB   - hydrophilic-hydrophilic contact (hydrogen bond)
Arom - aromatic-aromatic contact
Phob - hydrophobic-hydrophobic contact
DC   - hydrophobic-hydrophilic contact (destabilizing contact)
+/-  - indicates presence/absence of a specific contacts
*    - indicates residues forming contacts  by their side chain
       (including CA atoms)
Residues in contact with ASP 840 (chain A).
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    839A  GLU*     1.3    76.7    -      -       -      +
    841A  GLU*     1.3    68.7    +      -       -      +
    842A  GLU*     3.6    11.6    +      -       -      +
    843A  LYS*     3.0    38.8    +      -       -      +
    844A  LEU*     2.8    21.1    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 841 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    840A  ASP*     1.3    73.9    -      -       -      +
    842A  GLU*     1.3    69.6    +      -       +      +
    844A  LEU*     3.6     6.8    -      -       -      +
    845A  VAL*     2.9    26.4    +      -       +      +
    898A  TYR*     5.7     2.7    +      -       -      -
    918A  VAL*     3.4    44.0    -      -       +      +
    921A  HIS*     3.0    29.9    +      -       +      +
    922A  VAL*     3.9    17.3    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 842 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    840A  ASP*     3.3     9.9    +      -       -      +
    841A  GLU*     1.3    83.3    -      -       +      +
    843A  LYS*     1.3    59.3    +      -       +      +
    845A  VAL*     3.6     4.4    +      -       -      +
    846A  ALA*     3.1    29.1    +      -       -      +
    921A  HIS*     5.9     3.6    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LYS 843 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    839A  GLU*     3.4    23.3    -      -       +      +
    840A  ASP*     3.0    28.0    +      -       -      +
    842A  GLU*     1.3    80.2    -      -       +      +
    844A  LEU*     1.3    58.1    +      -       -      +
    846A  ALA*     3.8     5.7    -      -       -      +
    847A  SER*     2.8    32.4    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 844 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    835A  LEU*     3.9    11.4    -      -       +      +
    839A  GLU*     3.4    33.8    -      -       +      +
    840A  ASP      2.8    18.6    +      -       -      +
    841A  GLU*     3.6     4.3    -      -       -      +
    843A  LYS*     1.3    75.1    -      -       -      +
    845A  VAL*     1.3    60.2    +      -       -      +
    847A  SER*     3.2     3.3    +      -       -      -
    848A  LEU*     3.0    38.8    +      -       +      +
    894A  LEU*     3.7    34.1    -      -       +      -
    898A  TYR*     3.9    22.0    -      -       +      +
    922A  VAL*     3.6    29.4    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 845 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    841A  GLU      2.9    19.3    +      -       -      +
    842A  GLU*     4.0     3.6    -      -       -      +
    844A  LEU*     1.3    75.5    -      -       -      +
    846A  ALA*     1.3    57.5    +      -       -      +
    848A  LEU*     3.8     7.2    -      -       -      +
    849A  TRP*     2.9    34.6    +      -       +      +
    921A  HIS*     3.5    43.7    -      -       +      +
    922A  VAL*     3.8    28.7    -      -       +      -
    925A  ALA*     4.4    12.7    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 846 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    751A  GLU*     4.4    18.8    -      -       -      +
    831A  CYS*     4.7     0.5    -      -       -      -
    842A  GLU      3.1    19.3    +      -       -      +
    843A  LYS*     3.8     7.6    -      -       -      +
    844A  LEU      3.2     0.2    -      -       -      -
    845A  VAL*     1.3    75.4    -      -       -      +
    847A  SER*     1.3    58.6    +      -       -      +
    849A  TRP*     4.1     6.5    -      -       -      +
    850A  GLY*     2.8    27.5    +      -       -      -
    853A  ARG*     4.3     3.3    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with SER 847 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    831A  CYS*     3.3    36.3    -      -       -      +
    834A  HIS*     3.3    17.3    +      -       -      +
    835A  LEU*     3.9     7.0    -      -       -      -
    839A  GLU*     3.3    20.9    +      -       -      -
    843A  LYS      2.8    21.9    +      -       -      -
    844A  LEU      3.2     5.4    +      -       -      -
    846A  ALA*     1.3    76.6    -      -       -      +
    848A  LEU*     1.3    61.9    +      -       -      +
    850A  GLY      3.2     1.4    +      -       -      -
    851A  ALA*     3.0    20.1    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 848 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    835A  LEU*     3.7    23.3    -      -       +      -
    844A  LEU*     3.0    37.8    +      -       +      +
    845A  VAL*     3.8     4.3    -      -       -      +
    847A  SER*     1.3    76.1    -      -       -      +
    849A  TRP*     1.3    57.7    +      -       -      +
    851A  ALA*     3.1     5.7    +      -       -      +
    852A  GLU*     2.9    28.9    +      -       -      +
    891A  CYS*     3.9    27.8    -      -       -      -
    894A  LEU*     4.6     4.3    -      -       +      -
    922A  VAL*     4.6     1.3    -      -       +      +
    925A  ALA*     4.0    19.3    -      -       +      +
    926A  VAL*     3.5    34.5    -      -       +      +
    929A  CYS*     3.8    19.2    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with TRP 849 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    790A  THR*     5.0     2.8    +      -       -      -
    792A  GLY*     4.7     5.3    -      -       -      -
    793A  HIS*     3.2    56.7    +      +       -      -
    796A  MET*     4.0    17.5    -      -       +      -
    845A  VAL*     2.9    25.6    +      -       +      +
    846A  ALA*     4.1     4.7    -      -       -      +
    848A  LEU*     1.3    77.3    -      -       -      +
    850A  GLY*     1.3    62.1    +      -       -      +
    852A  GLU*     3.3    40.6    -      -       +      -
    853A  ARG*     3.0    71.5    +      -       +      +
    856A  ARG*     4.2     6.1    -      -       -      -
    925A  ALA*     5.6     3.3    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLY 850 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    751A  GLU*     4.3     2.0    -      -       -      -
    827A  LYS*     4.6     1.2    -      -       -      +
    831A  CYS*     3.6    17.7    -      -       -      -
    846A  ALA      2.8    17.0    +      -       -      -
    847A  SER      3.6     1.8    -      -       -      -
    848A  LEU      3.2     0.2    -      -       -      -
    849A  TRP*     1.3    78.8    -      -       -      +
    851A  ALA*     1.3    59.2    +      -       -      +
    853A  ARG*     3.2    22.5    +      -       -      +
    854A  CYS*     3.4    27.9    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 851 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    828A  VAL*     4.2    10.0    -      -       +      +
    831A  CYS*     3.8    13.8    -      -       +      -
    832A  VAL*     4.4    17.3    -      -       +      -
    835A  LEU*     6.0     1.8    -      -       +      -
    847A  SER      3.0    12.5    +      -       -      +
    848A  LEU*     3.5     8.5    -      -       -      +
    850A  GLY*     1.3    74.1    -      -       -      +
    852A  GLU*     1.3    54.6    +      -       -      +
    854A  CYS*     3.2     3.6    +      -       -      +
    855A  LEU*     2.7    48.3    +      -       +      +
    929A  CYS*     4.1    15.0    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 852 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    848A  LEU      2.9    15.0    +      -       -      +
    849A  TRP*     3.3    29.0    -      -       +      +
    851A  ALA*     1.3    72.9    -      -       -      +
    853A  ARG*     1.3    67.0    +      -       -      +
    855A  LEU*     2.9     9.5    +      -       -      +
    856A  ARG*     2.8    60.0    +      -       -      +
    925A  ALA*     4.7     3.6    -      -       -      +
    928A  ASP*     3.4    46.6    -      -       -      +
    929A  CYS*     4.2     9.3    +      -       -      -
    931A  ARG*     5.6     1.2    +      -       -      -
    932A  ALA*     3.8     7.0    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG 853 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    748A  LEU*     2.5    58.8    +      -       +      +
    749A  GLU      4.3     0.8    -      -       -      -
    750A  LEU      3.4    18.6    +      -       -      -
    751A  GLU*     3.3    20.6    +      -       -      -
    792A  GLY*     3.4    30.3    -      -       -      +
    796A  MET*     3.7    30.7    -      -       +      +
    827A  LYS*     4.6     1.6    -      -       -      +
    846A  ALA*     4.3     1.8    +      -       -      +
    849A  TRP*     3.0    49.2    +      -       +      +
    850A  GLY*     3.2    30.7    -      -       -      +
    852A  GLU*     1.3    79.4    -      -       -      +
    854A  CYS*     1.3    61.3    +      -       -      +
    856A  ARG*     3.7     0.9    +      -       -      +
    857A  VAL*     3.6    15.9    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with CYS 854 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    748A  LEU*     4.0    24.2    -      -       -      -
    749A  GLU*     5.4     0.2    -      -       -      -
    824A  ILE*     3.5    19.5    -      -       +      +
    827A  LYS*     3.4    37.9    -      -       -      -
    828A  VAL*     3.5    21.3    -      -       +      -
    850A  GLY      3.4    10.1    +      -       -      +
    851A  ALA      3.2     4.0    +      -       -      +
    852A  GLU      3.1     0.8    -      -       -      -
    853A  ARG*     1.3    77.9    -      -       -      +
    855A  LEU*     1.3    66.1    +      -       -      +
    856A  ARG      3.2     0.2    -      -       -      -
    857A  VAL*     3.1     5.4    +      -       -      +
    858A  LEU*     3.0    26.2    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 855 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    828A  VAL*     4.2    15.3    -      -       +      -
    851A  ALA*     2.7    42.5    +      -       +      +
    852A  GLU*     3.5     4.3    -      -       -      +
    854A  CYS*     1.3    72.9    -      -       -      +
    856A  ARG*     1.3    57.4    +      -       -      +
    858A  LEU*     3.2     3.8    +      -       +      -
    859A  GLU*     2.8    25.9    +      -       -      +
    880A  LEU*     4.1    24.5    -      -       +      -
    884A  SER*     4.2    10.8    -      -       -      +
    929A  CYS*     4.4     1.8    -      -       -      +
    932A  ALA*     3.9    15.0    -      -       +      -
    933A  ILE*     3.5    37.0    -      -       +      +
    936A  VAL*     3.2    30.3    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG 856 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    782A  LYS*     5.7     2.6    -      -       -      +
    793A  HIS*     5.4     2.2    +      -       -      -
    796A  MET*     3.3    42.2    -      -       -      +
    797A  GLU*     4.5     4.9    +      -       -      -
    800A  LEU*     3.6    20.2    -      -       +      +
    849A  TRP*     4.2     6.3    -      -       -      -
    852A  GLU*     2.8    49.8    +      -       -      +
    853A  ARG      3.9     4.7    -      -       -      +
    855A  LEU*     1.3    76.5    -      -       -      +
    857A  VAL*     1.3    58.7    +      -       -      +
    859A  GLU*     3.5    10.0    +      -       +      +
    860A  SER*     3.1    25.6    +      -       -      -
    932A  ALA*     4.3    14.4    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 857 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    748A  LEU*     4.6     4.9    -      -       +      -
    796A  MET*     4.3    15.0    -      -       +      +
    799A  LEU*     3.8    40.4    -      -       +      +
    800A  LEU*     4.4     4.5    -      -       +      -
    815A  LEU*     4.9     5.6    -      -       +      -
    821A  LEU*     5.5     0.2    -      -       +      -
    824A  ILE*     3.7    27.6    -      -       +      -
    853A  ARG      3.6    13.6    +      -       -      +
    854A  CYS*     3.1     9.4    +      -       -      +
    856A  ARG*     1.3    77.1    -      -       -      +
    858A  LEU*     1.3    58.7    +      -       +      +
    860A  SER*     3.3     6.4    +      -       -      -
    861A  VAL*     3.0    40.0    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 858 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    821A  LEU*     4.2    16.6    -      -       +      +
    824A  ILE*     3.7    29.2    -      -       +      -
    825A  VAL*     4.1     9.6    -      -       +      -
    828A  VAL*     4.1    11.0    -      -       +      -
    854A  CYS      3.0    18.2    +      -       -      +
    855A  LEU*     3.2    10.5    +      -       +      +
    857A  VAL*     1.3    76.9    -      -       -      +
    859A  GLU*     1.3    60.7    +      -       -      +
    861A  VAL*     3.4    14.1    -      -       -      +
    862A  THR*     2.9    21.0    +      -       -      +
    872A  LEU*     4.1    26.6    -      -       +      +
    880A  LEU*     3.6    35.2    -      -       +      -
    936A  VAL*     4.3     9.4    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 859 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    800A  LEU*     5.8     0.2    -      -       -      +
    855A  LEU      2.8    17.3    +      -       -      +
    856A  ARG*     3.6    11.1    -      -       +      +
    857A  VAL      3.2     0.2    -      -       -      -
    858A  LEU*     1.3    76.2    -      -       -      +
    860A  SER*     1.3    71.2    +      -       -      +
    862A  THR*     2.8    20.1    +      -       -      -
    863A  VAL*     3.4    15.8    +      -       -      +
    932A  ALA*     5.3     1.3    -      -       -      +
    935A  GLY*     4.1    21.3    -      -       -      +
    936A  VAL*     3.9    12.1    -      -       +      +
    939A  ASN*     2.9    34.0    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with SER 860 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    800A  LEU*     3.7    19.6    +      -       -      +
    803A  THR*     2.7    36.9    +      -       -      +
    804A  SER*     5.0     0.9    -      -       -      -
    812A  LYS*     4.1     8.3    -      -       -      +
    856A  ARG      3.1    12.2    +      -       -      -
    857A  VAL*     3.5     8.7    -      -       -      -
    859A  GLU*     1.3    86.3    +      -       -      +
    861A  VAL*     1.3    58.8    +      -       -      +
    862A  THR      3.0     5.0    +      -       -      -
    863A  VAL*     3.1    22.2    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 861 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    803A  THR*     4.0    15.9    -      -       +      -
    812A  LYS*     3.6    15.4    -      -       +      +
    815A  LEU*     3.9    28.3    -      -       +      -
    821A  LEU*     4.1    22.7    -      -       +      -
    857A  VAL*     3.0    21.2    +      -       +      +
    858A  LEU*     3.4    21.8    -      -       -      +
    860A  SER*     1.3    74.1    -      -       -      +
    862A  THR*     1.3    62.4    +      -       +      +
    863A  VAL      3.5     0.4    -      -       -      -
    865A  ASN*     3.3    11.3    -      -       -      +
    868A  ASN*     2.7    36.7    +      -       -      +
    872A  LEU*     4.5     2.2    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with THR 862 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    858A  LEU      2.9    15.8    +      -       -      +
    859A  GLU*     2.8    20.1    +      -       -      -
    860A  SER      3.1     0.2    -      -       -      -
    861A  VAL*     1.3    79.5    -      -       -      +
    863A  VAL*     1.3    63.3    +      -       -      +
    864A  HIS      3.2     0.5    +      -       -      -
    865A  ASN      3.3     8.1    +      -       -      -
    868A  ASN      3.9     2.2    -      -       -      -
    869A  GLN*     2.9    58.7    +      -       +      +
    872A  LEU*     3.6    24.5    -      -       +      -
    936A  VAL*     5.6     2.2    -      -       +      +
    939A  ASN*     2.9    23.1    +      -       -      +
    940A  LEU*     4.2     6.9    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 863 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    805A  LYS*     5.7    11.0    -      -       +      -
    812A  LYS*     2.8    34.0    +      -       -      +
    859A  GLU*     3.4    33.8    +      -       -      +
    860A  SER*     3.1    13.6    +      -       -      +
    862A  THR*     1.3    73.9    -      -       -      +
    864A  HIS*     1.3    87.7    +      -       +      +
    865A  ASN*     3.0     2.4    +      -       -      +
    939A  ASN*     4.0     6.7    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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A short description of the analytical approach
The contact analysis used in this page is based upon the approach developed in: Sobolev V., Wade R.C., Vriend G. and Edelman M. PROTEINS (1996) 25, 120-129. Contact legitimacy depends on the hydrophobic-hydrophilic properties of the contacting atoms. In order to define it, for each inter-atomic contact, eight atom classes have been introduced:


   I  Hydrophilic      - N and O that can donate and accept hydrogen bonds
                         (e.g., oxygen of hydroxyl group of Ser. or Thr)
  II  Acceptor         - N or O that can only accept a hydrogen bond
 III  Donor            - N that can only donate a hydrogen bond
  IV  Hydrophobic      - Cl, Br, I and all C atoms that are not in
                         aromatic rings and do not have a covalent bond to
                         a N or O atom
   V  Aromatic         - C in aromatic rings irrespective of any other 
                         bonds formed by the atom
  VI  Neutral          - C atoms that have a covalent bond to at least one
                         atom of class I or two or more atoms from class II
                         or III; atoms; S, F, P, and metal atoms in all cases
 VII  Neutral-donor    - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only one
                         atom of class III
VIII  Neutral-acceptor - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only 
                         one atom of class II
For each pair of contacts the state of legitimacy is shown below:

Legend:
+, legitimate
-, illegitimate
------------------------------------------------------------
  Atomic class           I  II  III   IV   V   VI  VII  VIII
------------------------------------------------------------
   I  (Hydrophilic)      +   +    +    -   +   +    +    +
  II  (Acceptor)         +   -    +    -   +   +    +    -
 III  (Donor)            +   +    -    -   +   +    -    +
  IV  (Hydrophobic)      -   -    -    +   +   +    +    +
   V  (Aromatic)         +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
  VI  (Neutral)          +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
 VII  (Neutral-donor)    +   +    -    +   +   +    -    +
VIII  (Neutral-acceptor) +   -    +    +   +   +    +    -
------------------------------------------------------------
Warning!
Atom classes for heterogroups are automatically assigned based on the atomic coordinates. However, in three cases (see below) the automatic assignment is currently ambiguous. In these cases, the user is advised to manually analyse the full list of contacts using LPC software.
1. Carbon atoms belonging to a 4-, 5- or 6-member ring are 
   considered "aromatic" (Class V) if the ring is approximately
   planar, and "hydrophobic" (Class IV) or "neutral" (Classes
   VI, VII, VIII) if the ring is non-planar.
2. The oxygen atom of a carbonyl or hydroxy group is considered
   "hydroxy" (Class I) if the CO bond is longer than 1.29 Å, and
   "carbonyl" (Class II) if shorter.
3. All nitrogen atoms are considered "hydrophilic" (Class I).

Please E-mail any questions and/or suggestions concerning this page to Vladimir.Sobolev@weizmann.ac.il