Contacts of the helix formed by residues 27 - 50 (chain C) in PDB entry 4KNF


Residue contacts within the protein are derived with the CSU software (Sobolev V., Sorokine A., Prilusky J., Abola E.E. and Edelman M. (1999) Automated analysis of interatomic contacts in proteins. Bioinformatics, 15, 327-332). A short description of the analytical approach is given at the end of the page.
For CSU analysis of other PDB entry

Note:
Non-standard 3 letter residue codes indicate a heterogroup. To identify and analyse, use LPC software

Legend:
Dist - nearest distance (Å) between atoms of two residues
Surf - contact surface area (Å2) between two residues
HB   - hydrophilic-hydrophilic contact (hydrogen bond)
Arom - aromatic-aromatic contact
Phob - hydrophobic-hydrophobic contact
DC   - hydrophobic-hydrophilic contact (destabilizing contact)
+/-  - indicates presence/absence of a specific contacts
*    - indicates residues forming contacts  by their side chain
       (including CA atoms)
Residues in contact with ASP 27 (chain C).
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     24C  ASP*     3.0    28.2    +      -       +      +
     25C  ILE      4.2     0.4    -      -       -      -
     26C  SER*     1.3    74.5    +      -       -      +
     28C  THR*     1.3    56.9    +      -       -      +
     29C  VAL      4.1     1.2    +      -       -      -
     30C  GLY*     2.8    22.3    +      -       -      -
     31C  VAL*     2.9    14.8    +      -       -      +
     83C  TRP*     2.8    31.0    +      -       -      -
     84C  ILE*     3.6    27.2    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with THR 28 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     25C  ILE*     3.2    21.8    -      -       +      +
     26C  SER*     2.7    16.6    +      -       -      +
     27C  ASP*     1.3    68.9    -      -       -      +
     29C  VAL*     1.3    63.4    +      -       -      +
     31C  VAL*     3.3     9.2    +      -       +      +
     32C  SER*     3.0    26.0    +      -       -      -
    218C  SER*     5.9     1.2    -      -       -      -
    222C  LEU*     3.8    18.4    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 29 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     27C  ASP*     4.4     0.4    -      -       -      +
     28C  THR*     1.3    75.5    +      -       -      +
     30C  GLY*     1.3    65.7    +      -       -      +
     32C  SER*     3.2     2.5    +      -       -      -
     33C  PHE*     2.9    45.7    +      -       +      -
     83C  TRP*     3.3    33.9    -      -       +      +
    218C  SER*     3.5    47.8    -      -       -      +
    221C  ASN*     4.0    12.6    -      -       +      -
    222C  LEU*     3.8    17.7    -      -       +      -
    225C  ASN*     5.2     1.3    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLY 30 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     23C  LEU*     5.4     0.2    -      -       -      -
     27C  ASP*     2.8    32.6    +      -       -      -
     29C  VAL*     1.3    77.6    -      -       -      +
     31C  VAL*     1.3    59.6    +      -       -      -
     33C  PHE*     3.6     4.1    +      -       -      +
     34C  TRP      3.2     9.9    +      -       -      -
     80C  ARG*     2.7    31.8    +      -       -      -
     83C  TRP*     3.6    10.4    -      -       -      +
     84C  ILE*     4.5     2.2    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 31 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     23C  LEU*     5.1    13.2    -      -       +      -
     24C  ASP      3.9    15.7    -      -       -      +
     25C  ILE*     4.2    24.5    -      -       +      +
     27C  ASP      2.9    18.1    +      -       -      +
     28C  THR*     3.3    10.3    +      -       +      +
     29C  VAL      3.2     0.4    -      -       -      -
     30C  GLY*     1.3    74.1    -      -       -      +
     32C  SER*     1.3    60.8    +      -       -      +
     34C  TRP*     3.0     7.6    +      -       +      +
     35C  LEU*     2.9    37.6    +      -       +      +
     80C  ARG*     4.7     0.4    -      -       -      +
     92D  VAL*     5.2     0.7    -      -       +      -
     96D  ILE*     3.6    31.0    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with SER 32 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     28C  THR      3.0    15.0    +      -       -      -
     29C  VAL      3.4     8.1    -      -       -      -
     31C  VAL*     1.3    76.9    -      -       -      +
     33C  PHE*     1.3    62.4    +      -       -      +
     34C  TRP      3.3     0.2    +      -       -      -
     35C  LEU*     3.3    10.5    +      -       -      +
     36C  VAL*     3.0    28.5    +      -       -      +
    222C  LEU*     3.6    22.1    +      -       -      +
    225C  ASN*     3.2    27.4    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with PHE 33 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     29C  VAL*     2.9    44.1    +      -       +      +
     30C  GLY      3.7     1.3    -      -       -      +
     32C  SER*     1.3    76.7    -      -       -      +
     34C  TRP*     1.3    57.6    +      -       -      +
     37C  THR*     2.6    35.1    +      -       -      -
     76C  TYR*     3.7    21.4    -      +       +      -
     79C  MET*     3.8    20.0    -      -       +      -
     80C  ARG*     3.6    27.6    -      -       +      -
     83C  TRP*     3.9    28.7    -      +       +      -
     90C  PRO*     4.2    15.3    -      -       +      -
     94C  ARG*     3.6    19.3    -      -       -      -
    221C  ASN*     4.0     9.6    -      -       +      -
    225C  ASN*     3.3    25.5    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with TRP 34 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     23C  LEU*     4.1    11.9    -      -       +      -
     30C  GLY      3.2    11.0    +      -       -      +
     31C  VAL*     3.0    13.1    +      -       +      +
     33C  PHE*     1.3    81.9    -      -       -      +
     35C  LEU*     1.3    67.5    +      -       +      +
     37C  THR*     3.3     5.9    +      -       -      -
     38C  ALA*     3.2    19.9    +      -       +      +
     80C  ARG*     3.6    39.9    -      -       -      +
     74D  TRP*     5.9     2.2    -      -       +      -
     75D  HIS*     2.8    36.9    +      +       -      -
     78D  TYR*     3.7    38.4    -      +       -      -
     93D  PHE*     3.5    30.7    -      +       -      -
     96D  ILE*     3.5    21.4    -      -       +      +
    100D  LEU*     4.9     1.6    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 35 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     31C  VAL*     2.9    32.6    +      -       +      +
     32C  SER*     3.6     8.5    -      -       -      +
     34C  TRP*     1.3    77.2    -      -       -      +
     36C  VAL*     1.3    59.7    +      -       +      +
     38C  ALA*     3.3     6.1    +      -       -      +
     39C  GLY*     2.9    23.6    +      -       -      -
    229C  PHE*     5.8     1.7    -      -       -      -
     96D  ILE*     3.8    32.3    -      -       +      +
     99D  LEU*     4.3    23.3    -      -       +      -
    100D  LEU*     3.9    26.2    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 36 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     32C  SER*     3.0    21.0    +      -       -      +
     35C  LEU*     1.3    76.9    -      -       +      +
     37C  THR*     1.3    53.6    +      -       -      +
     39C  GLY*     3.0     3.9    +      -       -      +
     40C  MET*     2.6    48.5    +      -       +      +
     76C  TYR*     3.3    36.1    -      -       +      +
    225C  ASN*     3.5    29.8    -      -       +      +
    228C  ASP*     5.0     0.4    -      -       +      -
    229C  PHE*     4.4    26.5    -      -       +      +
    233C  ILE*     4.7     0.3    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with THR 37 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     33C  PHE      2.6    21.5    +      -       -      -
     34C  TRP*     3.4    10.6    -      -       -      -
     36C  VAL*     1.3    77.1    -      -       -      +
     38C  ALA*     1.3    56.8    +      -       -      +
     40C  MET*     3.3     3.1    +      -       -      +
     41C  LEU*     3.0    22.9    +      -       -      +
     73C  PHE*     3.5    35.7    -      -       +      +
     76C  TYR*     3.4    25.5    +      -       +      +
     77C  LEU*     3.8    23.5    -      -       +      -
     80C  ARG*     5.2     3.7    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 38 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     34C  TRP*     3.2    11.5    +      -       -      +
     35C  LEU      3.5     8.5    -      -       -      +
     37C  THR*     1.3    75.9    -      -       -      +
     39C  GLY*     1.3    59.7    +      -       -      +
     41C  LEU*     3.3     9.0    +      -       -      +
     42C  ALA*     2.9    32.1    +      -       -      +
     71D  ILE*     4.8    10.7    -      -       +      +
     75D  HIS*     4.7     9.9    -      -       +      -
    100D  LEU*     4.0    27.1    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLY 39 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     35C  LEU      2.9    14.3    +      -       -      -
     36C  VAL*     3.0     5.1    +      -       -      -
     38C  ALA*     1.3    75.2    -      -       -      +
     40C  MET*     1.3    63.5    +      -       -      +
     42C  ALA*     4.0     4.5    -      -       -      +
     43C  ALA*     3.0    26.9    +      -       -      +
    229C  PHE*     5.1     6.5    -      -       -      -
    233C  ILE*     3.4    18.1    -      -       -      +
    100D  LEU*     4.6     6.6    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with MET 40 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     36C  VAL*     2.6    37.0    +      -       +      +
     37C  THR*     3.7     6.5    -      -       -      +
     38C  ALA      3.2     0.2    -      -       -      -
     39C  GLY*     1.3    75.7    -      -       -      +
     41C  LEU*     1.3    53.0    +      -       -      +
     43C  ALA*     3.7     1.7    -      -       -      +
     44C  THR*     2.4    39.7    +      -       -      -
     69C  THR*     2.9    55.0    -      -       +      +
     72C  ALA*     3.0    30.3    -      -       +      -
     73C  PHE*     3.9    13.0    -      -       -      +
     76C  TYR*     4.9     3.1    -      -       +      -
    228C  ASP*     4.7     5.8    -      -       -      +
    232C  LYS*     4.0    15.5    -      -       +      -
    233C  ILE*     3.9    20.9    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 41 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     37C  THR      3.0    17.2    +      -       -      +
     38C  ALA*     3.3     8.3    +      -       -      +
     40C  MET*     1.3    77.9    -      -       -      +
     42C  ALA*     1.3    61.9    +      -       -      +
     44C  THR*     3.3    10.1    -      -       +      -
     45C  VAL*     3.2    33.2    +      -       +      +
     73C  PHE*     3.6    39.7    -      -       +      -
     71D  ILE*     6.2     3.8    -      -       +      -
     74D  TRP*     4.2    33.9    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 42 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     38C  ALA      2.9    17.4    +      -       -      +
     39C  GLY*     4.0     4.9    -      -       -      +
     41C  LEU*     1.3    75.1    -      -       -      +
     43C  ALA*     1.3    67.1    +      -       -      +
     45C  VAL*     3.0     6.2    +      -       -      +
     46C  PHE*     2.9    22.9    +      -       -      +
     67D  LEU*     3.6    22.1    -      -       +      +
     71D  ILE*     3.8    27.1    -      -       +      +
    104D  LEU*     5.7     1.8    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 43 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     39C  GLY      3.0    18.9    +      -       -      +
     40C  MET      3.7     2.7    -      -       -      +
     42C  ALA*     1.3    75.8    -      -       -      +
     44C  THR*     1.3    54.8    +      -       -      +
     46C  PHE*     3.0     9.8    +      -       -      +
     47C  PHE*     2.7    56.3    +      -       +      -
     69C  THR*     3.9     8.5    -      -       +      -
    233C  ILE*     3.7    26.0    -      -       +      -
    237C  LEU*     5.9     1.6    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with THR 44 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     40C  MET      2.4    22.8    +      -       -      -
     41C  LEU*     3.3    13.9    -      -       +      -
     43C  ALA*     1.3    77.2    -      -       -      +
     45C  VAL*     1.3    62.2    +      -       +      +
     47C  PHE*     3.7     1.0    +      -       -      +
     48C  PHE*     3.1    45.2    +      -       +      -
     66C  GLY*     3.4    20.2    -      -       -      +
     69C  THR*     2.8    26.5    +      -       -      -
     70C  GLY*     3.8    11.8    -      -       -      -
     73C  PHE*     4.9     0.7    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 45 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     41C  LEU*     3.2    24.0    +      -       +      +
     42C  ALA*     3.0     8.0    +      -       -      +
     44C  THR*     1.3    78.1    -      -       +      +
     46C  PHE*     1.3    60.1    +      -       -      +
     48C  PHE*     3.4     4.2    +      -       -      +
     49C  VAL*     2.9    40.3    +      -       +      +
     48D  PHE*     3.6    35.2    -      -       +      -
     67D  LEU*     3.8     9.2    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with PHE 46 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     42C  ALA      2.9    12.5    +      -       -      +
     43C  ALA*     3.3    10.8    -      -       -      +
     45C  VAL*     1.3    78.3    -      -       -      +
     47C  PHE*     1.3    71.7    +      +       -      +
     50C  GLU*     3.0    40.6    +      -       +      +
    237C  LEU*     3.6    30.3    -      -       +      -
    240C  TRP*     3.4    52.3    -      +       -      -
     60D  THR*     4.0    15.5    -      -       +      -
     63D  THR*     3.6    26.5    -      -       +      -
     64D  VAL*     4.8     8.1    -      -       +      -
     67D  LEU*     3.9    17.9    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with PHE 47 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     43C  ALA*     2.7    37.5    +      -       +      +
     46C  PHE*     1.3    81.3    -      +       -      +
     48C  PHE*     1.3    64.7    +      -       -      +
     50C  GLU*     4.0     1.9    -      -       -      -
     51C  ARG*     3.5    20.8    +      -       -      +
     62C  LEU*     3.7    39.8    -      -       +      +
     65C  SER*     3.8    10.8    -      -       -      -
     66C  GLY*     3.8    20.6    -      -       -      +
     69C  THR*     3.6    24.0    -      -       +      -
    232C  LYS      4.4     0.4    -      -       -      -
    233C  ILE      3.7     7.9    -      -       -      -
    236C  GLY*     3.3    46.4    -      -       -      -
    237C  LEU*     3.5    24.7    -      -       +      -
    240C  TRP*     4.5     1.8    -      +       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with PHE 48 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     45B  VAL*     3.6    29.6    -      -       +      -
     49B  VAL*     4.2    15.5    -      -       +      -
     44C  THR*     3.1    33.0    +      -       +      +
     45C  VAL*     4.0     4.0    -      -       -      +
     47C  PHE*     1.3    80.2    -      -       -      +
     49C  VAL*     1.3    64.7    +      -       +      +
     51C  ARG*     3.4    31.4    +      -       -      +
     62C  LEU      4.9     0.4    -      -       -      -
     63C  THR*     3.6    42.4    -      -       +      -
     66C  GLY*     3.7    20.4    -      -       -      -
     67C  LEU*     3.7     9.0    -      -       +      -
     70C  GLY*     5.9     0.4    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 49 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     45C  VAL*     2.9    40.1    +      -       +      +
     46C  PHE      4.3     1.3    -      -       -      +
     48C  PHE*     1.3    75.6    -      -       +      +
     50C  GLU*     1.3    59.5    +      -       -      +
     51C  ARG*     3.1     5.6    +      -       -      +
     52C  ASP*     3.1    18.4    +      -       -      +
     48D  PHE*     4.2    14.6    -      -       +      +
     51D  ARG*     3.1    41.7    +      -       -      +
     63D  THR*     3.9     9.6    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 50 (chain C). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     46C  PHE*     3.0    37.9    +      -       +      +
     47C  PHE      4.3     1.8    -      -       -      +
     49C  VAL*     1.3    71.7    -      -       -      +
     51C  ARG*     1.3    55.5    +      -       -      +
     52C  ASP*     2.9     8.7    -      -       -      -
     53C  GLN*     2.8    38.2    +      -       -      +
     54C  VAL*     4.2     0.7    -      -       -      +
     62C  LEU*     3.7    10.2    -      -       -      +
    240C  TRP*     3.3    32.2    +      -       +      +
     51D  ARG*     2.7    16.1    +      -       -      -
     60D  THR*     2.7    32.5    +      -       -      -
     63D  THR*     2.6    27.9    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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A short description of the analytical approach
The contact analysis used in this page is based upon the approach developed in: Sobolev V., Wade R.C., Vriend G. and Edelman M. PROTEINS (1996) 25, 120-129. Contact legitimacy depends on the hydrophobic-hydrophilic properties of the contacting atoms. In order to define it, for each inter-atomic contact, eight atom classes have been introduced:


   I  Hydrophilic      - N and O that can donate and accept hydrogen bonds
                         (e.g., oxygen of hydroxyl group of Ser. or Thr)
  II  Acceptor         - N or O that can only accept a hydrogen bond
 III  Donor            - N that can only donate a hydrogen bond
  IV  Hydrophobic      - Cl, Br, I and all C atoms that are not in
                         aromatic rings and do not have a covalent bond to
                         a N or O atom
   V  Aromatic         - C in aromatic rings irrespective of any other 
                         bonds formed by the atom
  VI  Neutral          - C atoms that have a covalent bond to at least one
                         atom of class I or two or more atoms from class II
                         or III; atoms; S, F, P, and metal atoms in all cases
 VII  Neutral-donor    - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only one
                         atom of class III
VIII  Neutral-acceptor - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only 
                         one atom of class II
For each pair of contacts the state of legitimacy is shown below:

Legend:
+, legitimate
-, illegitimate
------------------------------------------------------------
  Atomic class           I  II  III   IV   V   VI  VII  VIII
------------------------------------------------------------
   I  (Hydrophilic)      +   +    +    -   +   +    +    +
  II  (Acceptor)         +   -    +    -   +   +    +    -
 III  (Donor)            +   +    -    -   +   +    -    +
  IV  (Hydrophobic)      -   -    -    +   +   +    +    +
   V  (Aromatic)         +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
  VI  (Neutral)          +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
 VII  (Neutral-donor)    +   +    -    +   +   +    -    +
VIII  (Neutral-acceptor) +   -    +    +   +   +    +    -
------------------------------------------------------------
Warning!
Atom classes for heterogroups are automatically assigned based on the atomic coordinates. However, in three cases (see below) the automatic assignment is currently ambiguous. In these cases, the user is advised to manually analyse the full list of contacts using LPC software.
1. Carbon atoms belonging to a 4-, 5- or 6-member ring are 
   considered "aromatic" (Class V) if the ring is approximately
   planar, and "hydrophobic" (Class IV) or "neutral" (Classes
   VI, VII, VIII) if the ring is non-planar.
2. The oxygen atom of a carbonyl or hydroxy group is considered
   "hydroxy" (Class I) if the CO bond is longer than 1.29 Å, and
   "carbonyl" (Class II) if shorter.
3. All nitrogen atoms are considered "hydrophilic" (Class I).

Please E-mail any questions and/or suggestions concerning this page to Vladimir.Sobolev@weizmann.ac.il