Contacts of the helix formed by residues 195 - 217 (chain A) in PDB entry 4U1D


Residue contacts within the protein are derived with the CSU software (Sobolev V., Sorokine A., Prilusky J., Abola E.E. and Edelman M. (1999) Automated analysis of interatomic contacts in proteins. Bioinformatics, 15, 327-332). A short description of the analytical approach is given at the end of the page.
For CSU analysis of other PDB entry

Note:
Non-standard 3 letter residue codes indicate a heterogroup. To identify and analyse, use LPC software

Legend:
Dist - nearest distance (Å) between atoms of two residues
Surf - contact surface area (Å2) between two residues
HB   - hydrophilic-hydrophilic contact (hydrogen bond)
Arom - aromatic-aromatic contact
Phob - hydrophobic-hydrophobic contact
DC   - hydrophobic-hydrophilic contact (destabilizing contact)
+/-  - indicates presence/absence of a specific contacts
*    - indicates residues forming contacts  by their side chain
       (including CA atoms)
Residues in contact with ARG 195 (chain A).
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    152A  THR*     4.8     6.5    +      -       -      +
    155A  LEU*     3.6    27.1    -      -       -      +
    156A  ARG*     3.5    32.9    -      -       -      +
    189A  PHE*     4.0    15.7    -      -       +      -
    190A  CYS*     2.9    21.1    +      -       +      +
    193A  TYR*     3.2    38.3    +      -       +      +
    194A  GLN*     1.3    67.9    -      -       -      +
    196A  LYS*     1.3    58.0    +      -       -      +
    197A  ASN      3.4     2.2    -      -       -      -
    198A  GLU*     3.1    47.1    +      -       +      +
    199A  PHE*     2.8    29.4    +      -       -      +
    250A  LEU*     4.9     0.4    -      -       -      -
    479C  SER*     5.3     2.8    +      -       -      -
    492C  ALA      5.2    12.6    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LYS 196 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    194A  GLN*     2.9    43.1    +      -       -      +
    195A  ARG*     1.3    68.5    -      -       -      +
    197A  ASN*     1.3    61.6    +      -       -      +
    199A  PHE*     3.3     3.2    +      -       -      +
    200A  LYS*     2.9    35.4    +      -       -      +
    250A  LEU*     3.1    34.5    +      -       +      -
    251A  GLU*     4.8     8.7    +      -       -      +
    252A  LEU*     3.7    33.2    -      -       +      +
    218B  SER*     3.9    25.1    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASN 197 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    195A  ARG      3.4     0.4    -      -       -      -
    196A  LYS*     1.3    77.4    -      -       -      +
    198A  GLU*     1.3    66.3    +      -       +      +
    200A  LYS*     3.4    13.4    +      -       -      +
    201A  ARG*     3.1    21.7    +      -       -      +
    214B  ASN      4.2     2.6    -      -       -      +
    215B  TYR*     3.2    58.2    +      -       +      +
    218B  SER*     3.5    16.9    +      -       -      -
    219B  LYS*     3.2    26.8    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 198 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    156A  ARG*     3.0    24.8    +      -       -      +
    159A  TRP*     3.2    56.5    -      -       +      +
    189A  PHE*     4.0     1.4    -      -       -      -
    190A  CYS*     4.4     1.1    -      -       -      -
    195A  ARG*     3.1    54.4    +      -       +      +
    196A  LYS      3.2     0.4    -      -       -      -
    197A  ASN*     1.3    77.5    -      -       +      +
    199A  PHE*     1.3    54.5    +      -       -      +
    201A  ARG*     3.1     8.7    +      -       -      +
    202A  LEU*     2.7    35.0    +      -       -      +
    476C  ASP*     4.8     4.0    -      -       -      +
    479C  SER*     4.7     5.1    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with PHE 199 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    187A  MET*     4.3    17.0    -      -       +      -
    190A  CYS*     3.7    24.1    -      -       +      -
    195A  ARG      2.8    17.4    +      -       -      +
    196A  LYS      3.3     3.1    +      -       -      +
    198A  GLU*     1.3    77.0    -      -       -      +
    200A  LYS*     1.3    57.5    +      -       -      +
    202A  LEU*     3.0    14.4    +      -       +      +
    203A  ALA*     2.8    30.8    +      -       +      +
    243A  GLN*     3.4    26.5    -      -       +      -
    246A  VAL*     3.6    27.1    -      -       +      -
    247A  SER*     3.2    35.9    -      -       -      -
    250A  LEU*     4.3     9.9    -      -       +      -
    252A  LEU*     3.7    19.3    -      -       +      -
    255A  GLU*     4.2    11.0    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LYS 200 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    196A  LYS      2.9    20.2    +      -       -      +
    197A  ASN*     3.5    14.4    -      -       -      +
    199A  PHE*     1.3    79.2    -      -       -      +
    201A  ARG*     1.3    61.7    +      -       -      +
    203A  ALA*     3.6     2.9    +      -       -      +
    204A  GLU*     3.3    21.7    +      -       -      +
    252A  LEU*     4.0    35.2    -      -       +      +
    254A  HIS*     5.7     4.9    -      -       -      +
    255A  GLU*     4.1    28.8    -      -       +      +
    258A  ARG*     5.2     6.9    -      -       -      +
    214B  ASN*     4.5    18.8    +      -       +      +
    217B  GLN*     5.1     8.3    -      -       -      +
    218B  SER*     4.1    21.1    -      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG 201 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    159A  TRP*     4.6     8.5    -      -       +      -
    163A  ARG*     5.3     3.6    -      -       -      +
    197A  ASN      3.1    14.3    +      -       -      +
    198A  GLU*     3.4    10.1    -      -       -      +
    199A  PHE      3.1     0.2    -      -       -      -
    200A  LYS*     1.3    76.5    -      -       -      +
    202A  LEU*     1.3    59.2    +      -       -      +
    204A  GLU*     3.3     6.4    +      -       +      +
    205A  MET*     2.9    37.1    +      -       +      +
    340C  ILE*     4.3     5.9    -      -       -      +
    341C  PRO*     3.4    24.5    +      -       -      +
    342C  SER*     4.2    11.4    +      -       -      +
    343C  ILE*     4.3    22.5    +      -       -      +
    474C  VAL      3.4    20.3    +      -       -      -
    475C  GLU*     3.5    24.5    +      -       -      +
    476C  ASP*     3.4    33.8    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 202 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    159A  TRP*     3.9    12.1    -      -       +      -
    166A  LEU*     3.6    30.7    -      -       +      -
    183A  VAL*     4.8     1.8    -      -       +      +
    186A  THR*     3.5    25.8    -      -       +      +
    187A  MET*     3.7    34.8    -      -       +      +
    190A  CYS*     4.6     1.8    -      -       -      -
    198A  GLU      2.7    17.8    +      -       -      +
    199A  PHE*     3.3    19.3    -      -       +      +
    201A  ARG*     1.3    74.0    -      -       -      +
    203A  ALA*     1.3    58.1    +      -       -      +
    205A  MET*     3.2    14.4    +      -       +      +
    206A  LEU*     2.9    43.0    +      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 203 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    187A  MET*     6.0     0.2    -      -       -      -
    199A  PHE*     2.8    18.6    +      -       +      +
    200A  LYS      3.8     3.1    -      -       -      +
    202A  LEU*     1.3    79.3    -      -       -      +
    204A  GLU*     1.3    63.3    +      -       -      +
    206A  LEU*     3.2     6.6    +      -       -      +
    207A  ARG*     3.1    28.8    +      -       -      +
    243A  GLN*     3.8    29.7    -      -       +      +
    255A  GLU*     3.3    29.4    -      -       +      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 204 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    200A  LYS      3.3    14.3    +      -       -      +
    201A  ARG*     3.8     7.0    -      -       +      +
    202A  LEU      3.3     0.6    -      -       -      -
    203A  ALA*     1.3    78.8    -      -       -      +
    205A  MET*     1.3    63.6    +      -       -      +
    207A  ARG*     3.1    35.1    +      -       -      +
    208A  GLN*     3.0    22.3    +      -       -      +
    255A  GLU*     5.4     0.3    -      -       -      +
    258A  ARG*     5.0     7.3    +      -       -      -
    343C  ILE*     3.6    27.6    -      -       +      +
    344C  GLY      4.9     2.0    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with MET 205 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    159A  TRP*     4.4     9.9    -      -       +      -
    163A  ARG*     4.2    26.7    -      -       +      +
    166A  LEU*     4.6    12.3    -      -       +      -
    167A  ASP*     5.4     2.2    -      -       -      +
    201A  ARG*     2.9    22.8    +      -       +      +
    202A  LEU*     3.5    30.7    -      -       +      +
    204A  GLU*     1.3    77.8    -      -       -      +
    206A  LEU*     1.3    62.4    +      -       +      +
    208A  GLN*     3.3    11.1    +      -       -      +
    209A  HIS*     3.0    49.0    +      -       +      +
    341C  PRO*     4.2    28.7    -      -       +      -
    342C  SER      5.8     3.8    -      -       -      +
    343C  ILE      4.8     5.3    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 206 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    166A  LEU*     4.8     4.5    -      -       +      -
    179A  TYR*     3.3    24.5    -      -       +      +
    183A  VAL*     3.9    24.9    -      -       +      -
    187A  MET*     3.5    30.7    -      -       +      -
    202A  LEU*     2.9    35.1    +      -       +      +
    203A  ALA*     3.5     7.4    -      -       -      +
    204A  GLU      3.2     0.2    -      -       -      -
    205A  MET*     1.3    75.9    -      -       +      +
    207A  ARG*     1.3    64.8    +      -       +      +
    209A  HIS*     3.3    10.0    +      -       +      +
    210A  LEU*     3.1    16.6    +      -       -      +
    239A  GLN*     5.1     1.6    -      -       -      +
    240A  ARG*     3.5    31.7    +      -       -      +
    243A  GLN*     3.6    13.7    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG 207 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    203A  ALA      3.1    29.0    +      -       -      +
    204A  GLU*     3.1    41.5    +      -       -      +
    206A  LEU*     1.3    76.1    -      -       +      +
    208A  GLN*     1.3    64.7    +      -       -      +
    210A  LEU*     3.1     7.0    +      -       -      +
    211A  ASP*     3.0    31.3    +      -       -      +
    240A  ARG*     5.3     3.8    -      -       -      +
    243A  GLN*     3.3    14.6    -      -       -      +
    255A  GLU*     2.6    33.1    +      -       -      -
    258A  ARG*     3.2    29.9    -      -       -      +
    259A  SER*     3.4     3.8    +      -       -      -
    262A  ASP*     2.7    37.0    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLN 208 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    170A  ARG*     6.0     2.0    -      -       -      +
    204A  GLU*     3.0    12.6    +      -       -      +
    205A  MET*     3.6    13.0    -      -       -      +
    207A  ARG*     1.3    76.5    -      -       -      +
    209A  HIS*     1.3    66.7    +      -       +      +
    211A  ASP*     3.4     9.2    +      -       +      +
    212A  ALA*     3.1    23.1    +      -       +      +
    341C  PRO*     5.8     0.7    -      -       -      +
    342C  SER*     3.2    23.6    -      -       -      +
    343C  ILE      3.7     0.7    -      -       -      +
    344C  GLY*     3.1    47.6    +      -       -      +
    360C  LYS*     5.9     2.8    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with HIS 209 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    166A  LEU*     3.8    27.1    -      -       +      -
    167A  ASP*     4.3     5.4    +      -       -      -
    170A  ARG*     3.7    37.0    +      -       +      +
    171A  ASN*     3.1    29.4    -      -       -      +
    179A  TYR*     2.7    31.9    +      +       +      +
    205A  MET*     3.0    39.1    +      -       +      +
    206A  LEU*     3.4    12.3    -      -       +      +
    207A  ARG      3.1     0.2    -      -       -      -
    208A  GLN*     1.3    83.5    -      -       +      +
    210A  LEU*     1.3    61.9    +      -       -      +
    212A  ALA*     3.3     2.4    +      -       -      +
    213A  ALA*     3.2    11.6    +      -       -      +
    240A  ARG*     5.7     0.7    -      -       -      +
    341C  PRO*     6.1     0.4    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 210 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    206A  LEU      3.1    10.9    +      -       -      +
    207A  ARG*     3.1    10.3    +      -       -      +
    209A  HIS*     1.3    74.9    -      -       -      +
    211A  ASP*     1.3    67.0    +      -       -      +
    213A  ALA*     3.3     6.0    +      -       +      +
    214A  ASN*     3.0    33.0    +      -       -      +
    227A  LEU*     3.8    17.3    -      -       +      -
    236A  TYR*     3.6    37.2    -      -       +      -
    240A  ARG*     4.1    16.5    -      -       -      +
    266A  LEU*     3.8    32.5    -      -       +      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASP 211 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    207A  ARG*     3.0    19.6    +      -       -      +
    208A  GLN*     3.9     8.3    -      -       +      +
    209A  HIS      3.4     0.2    -      -       -      -
    210A  LEU*     1.3    77.2    -      -       -      +
    212A  ALA*     1.3    65.0    +      -       -      +
    214A  ASN*     3.2    13.4    +      -       -      +
    215A  TYR*     3.1    22.2    +      -       -      +
    350B  ARG*     5.1    13.1    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 212 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    170A  ARG*     4.4     7.2    -      -       -      +
    171A  ASN*     3.4    25.4    -      -       -      +
    208A  GLN*     3.1    14.3    +      -       +      +
    209A  HIS*     3.6     4.0    -      -       -      +
    210A  LEU      3.2     0.2    -      -       -      -
    211A  ASP*     1.3    76.7    -      -       -      +
    213A  ALA*     1.3    61.0    -      -       -      +
    215A  TYR*     3.3     7.5    +      -       -      +
    216A  GLN*     3.1    37.6    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 213 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    171A  ASN*     4.4     7.8    +      -       -      +
    209A  HIS      3.2    10.4    +      -       -      +
    210A  LEU*     3.4    16.6    -      -       +      +
    211A  ASP      3.2     0.4    -      -       -      -
    212A  ALA*     1.3    79.1    -      -       -      +
    214A  ASN*     1.3    62.4    +      -       -      +
    216A  GLN*     3.2     8.3    +      -       -      +
    217A  GLN*     3.2    27.0    +      -       -      +
    225A  VAL*     4.3    21.3    -      -       +      +
    227A  LEU*     3.7    22.2    -      -       +      -
    236A  TYR*     5.4     1.3    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASN 214 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    210A  LEU*     3.0    25.6    +      -       -      +
    211A  ASP*     3.2    15.3    +      -       -      +
    213A  ALA*     1.3    79.3    -      -       -      +
    215A  TYR*     1.3    61.3    +      -       -      +
    217A  GLN*     3.7    16.8    +      -       -      +
    218A  SER*     4.9     2.3    +      -       -      -
    227A  LEU*     3.5    21.4    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with TYR 215 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    211A  ASP      3.1    12.2    +      -       -      +
    212A  ALA*     3.7    10.1    -      -       -      +
    213A  ALA      3.2     0.2    -      -       -      -
    214A  ASN*     1.3    77.3    -      -       -      +
    216A  GLN*     1.3    74.7    +      -       +      +
    217A  GLN      3.4     0.6    +      -       -      -
    218A  SER*     4.1     9.9    +      -       -      -
    219A  LYS*     4.0    21.6    -      -       -      +
    345B  TYR*     5.3    15.7    -      +       -      -
    349C  LEU*     4.9    22.1    -      -       +      +
    350C  ARG*     3.6    25.5    +      -       +      +
    353C  ARG*     2.4    41.6    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLN 216 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    170A  ARG*     5.7     2.8    -      -       -      +
    171A  ASN*     4.3    16.9    +      -       -      +
    212A  ALA*     3.1    29.0    +      -       -      +
    213A  ALA*     3.2     5.9    +      -       -      +
    215A  TYR*     1.3    88.9    -      -       +      +
    217A  GLN*     1.3    65.5    +      -       -      +
    218A  SER      3.3     2.2    -      -       -      -
    219A  LYS*     3.2    26.5    +      -       +      +
    220A  SER      4.2     1.0    +      -       -      -
    224A  LEU*     3.3    44.7    -      -       +      +
    225A  VAL      5.6     2.5    +      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLN 217 (chain A). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    213A  ALA      3.2    15.5    +      -       -      +
    214A  ASN*     3.7    15.5    -      -       -      +
    215A  TYR      3.4     0.8    -      -       -      -
    216A  GLN*     1.3    77.7    -      -       -      +
    218A  SER*     1.3    58.3    +      -       -      +
    219A  LYS      3.1     5.4    +      -       -      -
    220A  SER*     3.9     7.1    +      -       -      -
    224A  LEU*     6.4     0.2    -      -       -      -
    225A  VAL      2.8    18.9    +      -       -      +
    226A  ASP*     3.3    19.4    +      -       -      +
    227A  LEU*     2.5    43.2    +      -       +      +
    228A  SER*     4.0     7.5    +      -       -      -
----------------------------------------------------------
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A short description of the analytical approach
The contact analysis used in this page is based upon the approach developed in: Sobolev V., Wade R.C., Vriend G. and Edelman M. PROTEINS (1996) 25, 120-129. Contact legitimacy depends on the hydrophobic-hydrophilic properties of the contacting atoms. In order to define it, for each inter-atomic contact, eight atom classes have been introduced:


   I  Hydrophilic      - N and O that can donate and accept hydrogen bonds
                         (e.g., oxygen of hydroxyl group of Ser. or Thr)
  II  Acceptor         - N or O that can only accept a hydrogen bond
 III  Donor            - N that can only donate a hydrogen bond
  IV  Hydrophobic      - Cl, Br, I and all C atoms that are not in
                         aromatic rings and do not have a covalent bond to
                         a N or O atom
   V  Aromatic         - C in aromatic rings irrespective of any other 
                         bonds formed by the atom
  VI  Neutral          - C atoms that have a covalent bond to at least one
                         atom of class I or two or more atoms from class II
                         or III; atoms; S, F, P, and metal atoms in all cases
 VII  Neutral-donor    - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only one
                         atom of class III
VIII  Neutral-acceptor - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only 
                         one atom of class II
For each pair of contacts the state of legitimacy is shown below:

Legend:
+, legitimate
-, illegitimate
------------------------------------------------------------
  Atomic class           I  II  III   IV   V   VI  VII  VIII
------------------------------------------------------------
   I  (Hydrophilic)      +   +    +    -   +   +    +    +
  II  (Acceptor)         +   -    +    -   +   +    +    -
 III  (Donor)            +   +    -    -   +   +    -    +
  IV  (Hydrophobic)      -   -    -    +   +   +    +    +
   V  (Aromatic)         +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
  VI  (Neutral)          +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
 VII  (Neutral-donor)    +   +    -    +   +   +    -    +
VIII  (Neutral-acceptor) +   -    +    +   +   +    +    -
------------------------------------------------------------
Warning!
Atom classes for heterogroups are automatically assigned based on the atomic coordinates. However, in three cases (see below) the automatic assignment is currently ambiguous. In these cases, the user is advised to manually analyse the full list of contacts using LPC software.
1. Carbon atoms belonging to a 4-, 5- or 6-member ring are 
   considered "aromatic" (Class V) if the ring is approximately
   planar, and "hydrophobic" (Class IV) or "neutral" (Classes
   VI, VII, VIII) if the ring is non-planar.
2. The oxygen atom of a carbonyl or hydroxy group is considered
   "hydroxy" (Class I) if the CO bond is longer than 1.29 Å, and
   "carbonyl" (Class II) if shorter.
3. All nitrogen atoms are considered "hydrophilic" (Class I).

Please E-mail any questions and/or suggestions concerning this page to Vladimir.Sobolev@weizmann.ac.il