Contacts of the helix formed by residues 503 - 554 (chain O) in PDB entry 5KHU


Residue contacts within the protein are derived with the CSU software (Sobolev V., Sorokine A., Prilusky J., Abola E.E. and Edelman M. (1999) Automated analysis of interatomic contacts in proteins. Bioinformatics, 15, 327-332). A short description of the analytical approach is given at the end of the page.
For CSU analysis of other PDB entry

Note:
Non-standard 3 letter residue codes indicate a heterogroup. To identify and analyse, use LPC software

Legend:
Dist - nearest distance (Å) between atoms of two residues
Surf - contact surface area (Å2) between two residues
HB   - hydrophilic-hydrophilic contact (hydrogen bond)
Arom - aromatic-aromatic contact
Phob - hydrophobic-hydrophobic contact
DC   - hydrophobic-hydrophilic contact (destabilizing contact)
+/-  - indicates presence/absence of a specific contacts
*    - indicates residues forming contacts  by their side chain
       (including CA atoms)
Residues in contact with HIS 503 (chain O).
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    502O  GLN*     3.8    25.4    -      -       -      +
    504O  ALA*     3.8    28.9    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 504 (chain O). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    503O  HIS*     3.8    26.0    -      -       -      +
    505O  GLN*     3.8    29.2    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLN 505 (chain O). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    504O  ALA*     3.8    25.8    -      -       -      +
    506O  LEU*     3.8    28.9    -      -       -      +
    508O  MET*     4.6    15.9    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 506 (chain O). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    505O  GLN*     3.8    26.9    -      -       -      +
    507O  TRP*     3.8    29.4    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with TRP 507 (chain O). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    506O  LEU*     3.8    29.8    -      -       -      +
    508O  MET*     3.8    26.9    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with MET 508 (chain O). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    505O  GLN*     4.6    14.8    -      -       -      +
    507O  TRP*     3.8    29.4    -      -       -      +
    509O  LEU*     3.8    25.1    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 509 (chain O). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    508O  MET*     3.8    26.7    -      -       -      +
    510O  CYS*     3.8    29.6    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with CYS 510 (chain O). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    509O  LEU*     3.8    29.6    -      -       -      +
    511O  ASP*     3.8    25.8    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASP 511 (chain O). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    510O  CYS*     3.8    26.2    -      -       -      +
    512O  GLN*     3.8    30.1    -      -       -      +
    514O  ILE*     4.6    15.3    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLN 512 (chain O). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    511O  ASP*     3.8    26.7    -      -       -      +
    513O  LYS*     3.8    29.8    -      -       -      +
    515O  GLN*     4.7    13.5    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LYS 513 (chain O). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    512O  GLN*     3.8    29.4    -      -       -      +
    514O  ILE*     3.8    25.4    -      -       -      +
    516O  PHE*     4.4    16.6    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 514 (chain O). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    511O  ASP*     4.6    15.9    -      -       -      +
    513O  LYS*     3.8    30.3    -      -       -      +
    515O  GLN*     3.8    24.9    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLN 515 (chain O). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    512O  GLN*     4.7    13.7    -      -       -      +
    514O  ILE*     3.8    29.2    -      -       -      +
    516O  PHE*     3.8    25.4    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with PHE 516 (chain O). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    513O  LYS*     4.4    15.3    -      -       -      +
    515O  GLN*     3.8    29.2    -      -       -      +
    517O  ASP*     3.8    27.1    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASP 517 (chain O). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    516O  PHE*     3.8    26.5    -      -       -      +
    518O  ARG*     3.8    29.8    -      -       -      +
    520O  MET*     4.7    14.4    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG 518 (chain O). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    517O  ASP*     3.8    29.8    -      -       -      +
    519O  ALA*     3.8    25.1    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 519 (chain O). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    518O  ARG*     3.8    29.6    -      -       -      +
    520O  MET*     3.8    25.8    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with MET 520 (chain O). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    517O  ASP*     4.7    15.9    -      -       -      +
    519O  ALA*     3.8    24.5    -      -       -      +
    521O  ASN*     3.8    30.3    -      -       -      +
    523O  GLY*     3.8    22.2    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASN 521 (chain O). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    520O  MET*     3.8    24.9    -      -       -      +
    522O  ASP*     3.8    29.6    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASP 522 (chain O). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    521O  ASN*     3.8    29.8    -      -       -      +
    523O  GLY*     3.8    26.0    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLY 523 (chain O). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    520O  MET*     3.8    24.0    -      -       -      +
    522O  ASP*     3.8    29.4    -      -       -      +
    524O  LYS*     3.8    29.2    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LYS 524 (chain O). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    523O  GLY*     3.8    25.6    -      -       -      +
    525O  TYR*     3.7    29.6    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with TYR 525 (chain O). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    524O  LYS*     3.7    30.3    -      -       -      +
    526O  HIS*     3.8    28.7    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with HIS 526 (chain O). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    525O  TYR*     3.8    30.1    -      -       -      +
    527O  LEU*     3.8    23.6    -      -       -      +
    529O  ASP*     4.5    15.5    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 527 (chain O). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    526O  HIS*     3.8    26.0    -      -       -      +
    528O  ALA*     3.8    30.1    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 528 (chain O). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    527O  LEU*     3.8    29.8    -      -       -      +
    529O  ASP*     3.8    24.5    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASP 529 (chain O). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    526O  HIS*     4.5    18.8    -      -       -      +
    528O  ALA*     3.8    26.7    -      -       -      +
    530O  SER*     3.8    29.6    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with SER 530 (chain O). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    529O  ASP*     3.8    29.8    -      -       -      +
    531O  LEU*     3.8    26.0    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 531 (chain O). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    530O  SER*     3.8    25.8    -      -       -      +
    532O  VAL*     3.8    29.8    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 532 (chain O). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    531O  LEU*     3.8    29.4    -      -       -      +
    533O  THR*     3.8    25.8    -      -       -      +
    535O  ILE*     4.4    16.8    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with THR 533 (chain O). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
     89A  TYR*     4.5    21.1    -      -       -      +
    532O  VAL*     3.8    24.9    -      -       -      +
    534O  GLY*     3.7    29.2    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLY 534 (chain O). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    533O  THR*     3.7    26.5    -      -       -      +
    535O  ILE*     3.7    29.8    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 535 (chain O). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    532O  VAL*     4.4    15.5    -      -       -      +
    534O  GLY*     3.7    29.8    -      -       -      +
    536O  THR*     3.8    25.4    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with THR 536 (chain O). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    535O  ILE*     3.8    29.6    -      -       -      +
    537O  ALA*     3.8    27.8    -      -       -      +
    540O  SER*     4.3    21.5    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 537 (chain O). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    536O  THR*     3.8    29.4    -      -       -      +
    538O  LEU*     3.8    26.0    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 538 (chain O). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    537O  ALA*     3.8    28.7    -      -       -      +
    539O  ASN*     3.8    29.8    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ASN 539 (chain O). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    538O  LEU*     3.8    27.8    -      -       -      +
    540O  SER*     3.7    30.5    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with SER 540 (chain O). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    536O  THR*     4.3    21.5    -      -       -      +
    539O  ASN*     3.7    30.7    -      -       -      +
    541O  ILE*     3.7    25.6    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ILE 541 (chain O). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    540O  SER*     3.7    29.6    -      -       -      +
    542O  GLU*     3.8    29.2    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLU 542 (chain O). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    541O  ILE*     3.8    30.3    -      -       -      +
    543O  GLY*     3.8    27.1    -      -       -      +
    545O  TYR*     4.3    19.7    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLY 543 (chain O). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    542O  GLU*     3.8    24.0    -      -       -      +
    544O  VAL*     3.7    30.7    -      -       -      +
    546O  ARG*     4.5    15.0    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 544 (chain O). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    543O  GLY*     3.7    28.9    -      -       -      +
    545O  TYR*     3.8    25.1    -      -       -      +
    547O  LYS*     4.3    17.5    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with TYR 545 (chain O). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    542O  GLU*     4.3    17.5    -      -       -      +
    544O  VAL*     3.8    24.9    -      -       -      +
    546O  ARG*     3.7    29.8    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ARG 546 (chain O). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    543O  GLY*     4.5    14.4    -      -       -      +
    545O  TYR*     3.7    29.8    -      -       -      +
    547O  LYS*     3.8    26.0    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LYS 547 (chain O). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    544O  VAL*     4.3    19.3    -      -       -      +
    546O  ARG*     3.8    26.2    -      -       -      +
    548O  ALA*     3.7    29.4    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 548 (chain O). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    547O  LYS*     3.7    30.1    -      -       -      +
    549O  VAL*     3.8    28.3    -      -       -      +
    551O  LEU*     4.1    21.1    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 549 (chain O). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    548O  ALA*     3.8    25.1    -      -       -      +
    550O  VAL*     3.7    29.8    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with VAL 550 (chain O). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    549O  VAL*     3.7    29.4    -      -       -      +
    551O  LEU*     3.8    26.7    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with LEU 551 (chain O). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    548O  ALA*     4.1    18.8    -      -       -      +
    550O  VAL*     3.8    23.3    -      -       -      +
    552O  GLN*     3.8    29.6    -      -       -      +
    554O  GLN*     4.2    19.7    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLN 552 (chain O). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    551O  LEU*     3.8    28.9    -      -       -      +
    553O  ALA*     3.8    25.4    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with ALA 553 (chain O). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    552O  GLN*     3.8    24.9    -      -       -      +
    554O  GLN*     3.8    29.2    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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Residues in contact with GLN 554 (chain O). Click here for Legend to table.
----------------------------------------------------------
                                  Specific contacts
                               ---------------------------
     Residue       Dist    Surf   HB    Arom    Phob    DC
----------------------------------------------------------
    551O  LEU*     4.2    20.9    -      -       -      +
    553O  ALA*     3.8    28.9    -      -       -      +
    555O  ASN*     3.8    24.7    -      -       -      +
----------------------------------------------------------
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A short description of the analytical approach
The contact analysis used in this page is based upon the approach developed in: Sobolev V., Wade R.C., Vriend G. and Edelman M. PROTEINS (1996) 25, 120-129. Contact legitimacy depends on the hydrophobic-hydrophilic properties of the contacting atoms. In order to define it, for each inter-atomic contact, eight atom classes have been introduced:


   I  Hydrophilic      - N and O that can donate and accept hydrogen bonds
                         (e.g., oxygen of hydroxyl group of Ser. or Thr)
  II  Acceptor         - N or O that can only accept a hydrogen bond
 III  Donor            - N that can only donate a hydrogen bond
  IV  Hydrophobic      - Cl, Br, I and all C atoms that are not in
                         aromatic rings and do not have a covalent bond to
                         a N or O atom
   V  Aromatic         - C in aromatic rings irrespective of any other 
                         bonds formed by the atom
  VI  Neutral          - C atoms that have a covalent bond to at least one
                         atom of class I or two or more atoms from class II
                         or III; atoms; S, F, P, and metal atoms in all cases
 VII  Neutral-donor    - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only one
                         atom of class III
VIII  Neutral-acceptor - C atoms that have a covalent bond with only 
                         one atom of class II
For each pair of contacts the state of legitimacy is shown below:

Legend:
+, legitimate
-, illegitimate
------------------------------------------------------------
  Atomic class           I  II  III   IV   V   VI  VII  VIII
------------------------------------------------------------
   I  (Hydrophilic)      +   +    +    -   +   +    +    +
  II  (Acceptor)         +   -    +    -   +   +    +    -
 III  (Donor)            +   +    -    -   +   +    -    +
  IV  (Hydrophobic)      -   -    -    +   +   +    +    +
   V  (Aromatic)         +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
  VI  (Neutral)          +   +    +    +   +   +    +    +
 VII  (Neutral-donor)    +   +    -    +   +   +    -    +
VIII  (Neutral-acceptor) +   -    +    +   +   +    +    -
------------------------------------------------------------
Warning!
Atom classes for heterogroups are automatically assigned based on the atomic coordinates. However, in three cases (see below) the automatic assignment is currently ambiguous. In these cases, the user is advised to manually analyse the full list of contacts using LPC software.
1. Carbon atoms belonging to a 4-, 5- or 6-member ring are 
   considered "aromatic" (Class V) if the ring is approximately
   planar, and "hydrophobic" (Class IV) or "neutral" (Classes
   VI, VII, VIII) if the ring is non-planar.
2. The oxygen atom of a carbonyl or hydroxy group is considered
   "hydroxy" (Class I) if the CO bond is longer than 1.29 Å, and
   "carbonyl" (Class II) if shorter.
3. All nitrogen atoms are considered "hydrophilic" (Class I).

Please E-mail any questions and/or suggestions concerning this page to Vladimir.Sobolev@weizmann.ac.il